style(tui): frame recovery decisions

README.md

@@ -209,7 +209,13 @@ Use `nanobot gateway --background` for the same direct entry point without keepi
 nanobot agent
 ```
 
-This opens the native terminal client with the configured model and tools, using the launch directory as its workspace. Use `/sessions` to switch saved conversations, `/new-chat` to preserve this conversation and start another one, `/branch` to fork from a completed reply, `/context` to inspect the compacted summary and raw message suffix available to the agent, or `/diff` to review the latest turn's file changes. Type `@` to mention an installed app, configured MCP server, or saved session. While nanobot is working, `Enter` steers the current turn, `Tab` queues a visible follow-up for the next turn, and `Option+Up` on macOS (`Alt+Up` on Windows/Linux) returns the latest queued message for editing. Press `Shift+Enter` to add a newline; `Ctrl+J` is the universal fallback for terminals that cannot distinguish modified Enter keys. Use `PageUp` at the top to load earlier transcript pages. Each launch starts a new session; `--session` selects an existing WebSocket session, while `--workspace` overrides the launch directory. Use `--classic` to resume a session from another channel. The existing nanobot `/new` command keeps its original behavior: it resets the current chat. `nanobot agent` and `nanobot webui` share one on-demand local gateway: either command can start it, each launcher releases only its own client, and the last interactive launcher to exit stops it. Use `/detach` to close the TUI while keeping the gateway and any active agent turn running in the background; after the terminal is restored, nanobot prints the exact `nanobot gateway stop` command for that config and workspace. Use `nanobot gateway --background` to start persistently before opening a client. Type `exit` or press `Ctrl+C` when you are done; after the terminal is restored, nanobot prints a ready-to-run `nanobot agent --session ...` command that resumes the session. Use `nanobot agent --classic` for the legacy Python prompt.
+This opens the native terminal client with the launch directory as its workspace. It shares saved conversations and the local gateway with the WebUI.
+
+- Type `/` to discover commands, `/sessions` to switch conversations, or `@` to mention an app, MCP server, or saved session.
+- Press `Enter` to send or steer, `Tab` to queue a follow-up, and `Shift+Enter` to add a newline (`Ctrl+J` works in terminals that cannot distinguish modified Enter keys).
+- Use `/detach` to leave the current task running, or start with `nanobot gateway --background` when nanobot should stay online after all local clients exit.
+
+Each launch starts a new session by default. Use `--session` to resume one and `--workspace` to choose another workspace. See the [CLI reference](./docs/cli-reference.md#agent-cli) for session branching, diffs, history, shortcuts, gateway lifecycle, and compatibility options.
 
 For one request and an immediate exit, use:
 
@@ -328,15 +334,386 @@ Use nanobot for a real task, report what broke, and then pick a focused improvem
 - Browse [open issues](https://github.com/HKUDS/nanobot/issues) for problems to investigate.
 - Open a [pull request](https://github.com/HKUDS/nanobot/pulls) for a focused fix or integration.
 
-## Contact
+## Maintainers
 
-Nanobot was started by [Xubin Ren](https://github.com/re-bin) as a personal open-source project and is now maintained collaboratively with contributors from the open-source community. Feel free to contact [xubinrencs@gmail.com](mailto:xubinrencs@gmail.com) for questions, ideas, or collaboration.
+<table>
+  <tr>
+    <td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/re-bin"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/52506698?v=4&s=80" width="80" height="80" alt="Xubin Ren"><br><strong>Xubin Ren</strong></a><br><a href="https://x.com/xubinrencs"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/@xubinrencs-000000?style=flat&logo=x&logoColor=white" alt="Xubin Ren on X"></a></td>
+    <td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/chengyongru"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/61816729?v=4&s=80" width="80" height="80" alt="Yongru Chen"><br><strong>Yongru Chen</strong></a><br><a href="https://x.com/chengyongru"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/@chengyongru-000000?style=flat&logo=x&logoColor=white" alt="Yongru Chen on X"></a></td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
 
-### Contributors
+## Community Contributors
 
-<a href="https://github.com/HKUDS/nanobot/graphs/contributors">
+<!-- contributors:start -->
-  <img src="https://contrib.rocks/image?repo=HKUDS/nanobot&max=100&columns=12&updated=20260210" alt="Contributors" />
+<p>
-</a>
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+<a href="https://github.com/PeterDaveHello"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/3691490?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="PeterDaveHello"></a>
+<a href="https://github.com/Molunerfinn"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/12621342?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Molunerfinn"></a>
+<a href="https://github.com/power88"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/24859241?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="power88"></a>
+<a href="https://github.com/srajasimman"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/15092596?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="srajasimman"></a>
+<a href="https://github.com/groudas"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/18154989?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="groudas"></a>
+<a href="https://github.com/RohitDayanand"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/66650100?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="RohitDayanand"></a>
+<a href="https://github.com/katafractari"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/1299228?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="katafractari"></a>
+<a href="https://github.com/rudy-of-the-corner"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/188991374?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="rudy-of-the-corner"></a>
+</p>
+<!-- contributors:end -->
 
 <p align="center">
   <em> Thanks for visiting ✨ nanobot!</em><br><br>

nanobot/agent/loop.py

@@ -79,6 +79,15 @@ from nanobot.session.model_selection import (
     SESSION_MODEL_PRESET_METADATA_KEY,
     model_preset_from_metadata,
 )
+from nanobot.session.recovery import (
+    PENDING_FOLLOWUP_ID_KEY,
+    RECOVERY_INBOUND_METADATA_KEY,
+    RecoveryAdmission,
+    acknowledge_pending_followups,
+    record_pending_followup,
+    restore_pending_interruption,
+    restore_runtime_checkpoint,
+)
 from nanobot.session.summary import SessionSummary
 from nanobot.triggers.local_turns import LocalTriggerTurnCoordinator
 from nanobot.utils.cancellation import task_is_cancelling
@@ -291,12 +300,14 @@ class AgentLoop:
         restart_mode: str = "auto",
         local_trigger_store: LocalTriggerStore | None = None,
         idle_compact_check_interval_seconds: int = 0,
+        recovery_admission: RecoveryAdmission | None = None,
     ):
         from nanobot.config.schema import ToolsConfig
 
         _tc = tools_config or ToolsConfig()
         defaults = AgentDefaults()
         self.bus = bus
+        self._recovery_admission = recovery_admission
         if turn_delivery_factory is not None:
             if turn_delivery_factory.bus is not bus:
                 raise ValueError("turn delivery factory must use the agent message bus")
@@ -409,6 +420,7 @@ class AgentLoop:
         # When a session has an active task, new messages for that session
         # are routed here instead of creating a new task.
         self._pending_queues: dict[str, asyncio.Queue[InboundMessage]] = {}
+        self._preserve_inflight_turns_on_shutdown = False
         self._deferred_automation_turns: dict[str, list[InboundMessage]] = {}
         self._cron_turns = CronTurnCoordinator(
             publish_inbound=self.bus.publish_inbound,
@@ -726,6 +738,9 @@ class AgentLoop:
                 extra[RUNTIME_CONTEXT_HISTORY_META] = runtime_context_meta
             session.add_message("user", text, **extra)
             self._mark_pending_user_turn(session)
+            followup_id = msg.metadata.get(PENDING_FOLLOWUP_ID_KEY)
+            if isinstance(followup_id, str) and followup_id:
+                acknowledge_pending_followups(session, [followup_id])
             self.sessions.save(session)
             return True
         return False
@@ -1061,6 +1076,9 @@ class AgentLoop:
                         row["subagent_task_id"] = task_id
                     row[HIDDEN_HISTORY_META] = subagent_marker
                     row["injected_event"] = "subagent_result"
+                followup_id = metadata.get(PENDING_FOLLOWUP_ID_KEY)
+                if isinstance(followup_id, str) and followup_id:
+                    row[PENDING_FOLLOWUP_ID_KEY] = followup_id
                 return row
 
             items: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
@@ -1285,6 +1303,23 @@ class AgentLoop:
                         break
                 if deferred:
                     continue
+                routed_msg = msg
+                if effective_key != msg.session_key:
+                    routed_msg = dataclasses.replace(
+                        msg,
+                        session_key_override=effective_key,
+                    )
+                # A newer WebUI message must supersede an explicit recovery
+                # before it is injected into that recovery's pending queue.
+                # Without this admission point, a recovered turn could finish
+                # first and only then observe the user's newer request.
+                if (
+                    effective_key in self._pending_queues
+                    and msg.channel == "websocket"
+                    and self._recovery_admission is not None
+                    and not await self._recovery_admission.admit(routed_msg)
+                ):
+                    continue
                 # If this session already has an active pending queue (i.e. a task
                 # is processing this session), route the message there for mid-turn
                 # injection instead of creating a competing task.
@@ -1297,12 +1332,18 @@ class AgentLoop:
                             self.commands.dispatch,
                         )
                         continue
-                    pending_msg = msg
+                    pending_msg = routed_msg
-                    if effective_key != msg.session_key:
+                    session = self.sessions.get_or_create(effective_key)
+                    followup_id = record_pending_followup(session, pending_msg)
+                    if followup_id is not None:
                         pending_msg = dataclasses.replace(
-                            msg,
+                            pending_msg,
-                            session_key_override=effective_key,
+                            metadata={
+                                **pending_msg.metadata,
+                                PENDING_FOLLOWUP_ID_KEY: followup_id,
+                            },
                         )
+                        self.sessions.save(session)
                     try:
                         self._pending_queues[effective_key].put_nowait(pending_msg)
                     except asyncio.QueueFull:
@@ -1310,6 +1351,7 @@ class AgentLoop:
                             "Pending queue full for session {}, falling back to queued task",
                             effective_key,
                         )
+                        msg = pending_msg
                     else:
                         logger.info(
                             "Routed follow-up message to pending queue for session {}",
@@ -1319,17 +1361,45 @@ class AgentLoop:
                 # Compute the effective session key before dispatching
                 # This ensures /stop command can find tasks correctly when unified session is enabled
                 task = asyncio.create_task(self._dispatch(msg))
-                active_tasks = self._active_tasks.setdefault(effective_key, set())
+                active_tasks: set[asyncio.Task[Any]] = self._active_tasks.setdefault(
+                    effective_key,
+                    set(),
+                )
                 active_tasks.add(task)
                 task.add_done_callback(active_tasks.discard)
         finally:
             await self.aclose()
 
+    def preserve_inflight_turns_on_shutdown(self) -> None:
+        """Keep durable checkpoints when the owning gateway exits.
+
+        Normal cancellation intentionally materializes partial output so a
+        user-stopped turn leaves a readable conversation.  Gateway lifecycle
+        shutdown is different: RecoveryCoordinator needs the checkpoint intact
+        to safely offer the unfinished turn for explicit continuation later.
+        """
+        self._preserve_inflight_turns_on_shutdown = True
+
     async def _dispatch(self, msg: InboundMessage) -> None:
         """Process a message: per-session serial, cross-session concurrent."""
         session_key = self._effective_session_key(msg)
         if session_key != msg.session_key:
             msg = dataclasses.replace(msg, session_key_override=session_key)
+        recovery_task_registered = False
+        recovery_admission = self._recovery_admission
+        current_task: asyncio.Task[Any] | None = None
+        if recovery_admission is not None:
+            recovery_id = msg.metadata.get(RECOVERY_INBOUND_METADATA_KEY)
+            if isinstance(recovery_id, str) and recovery_id:
+                current_task = asyncio.current_task()
+                if current_task is not None:
+                    recovery_admission.register_recovery_task(session_key, current_task)
+                    recovery_task_registered = True
+            if not await recovery_admission.admit(msg):
+                logger.info("Skipped stale recovery for session {}", session_key)
+                if recovery_task_registered and current_task is not None:
+                    recovery_admission.unregister_recovery_task(session_key, current_task)
+                return
         lock = self._get_session_lock(session_key)
         gate = self._concurrency_gate or nullcontext()
 
@@ -1373,14 +1443,14 @@ class AgentLoop:
                             session_key,
                             exc_info=True,
                         )
-                    # Preserve partial context from the interrupted turn so
+                    # An explicit turn stop materializes partial context so
-                    # the user does not lose tool results and assistant
+                    # the next prompt can see completed tool results.  Gateway
-                    # messages accumulated before /stop.  The checkpoint was
+                    # shutdown keeps the durable checkpoint untouched instead,
-                    # already persisted to session metadata by
+                    # allowing RecoveryCoordinator to offer Continue safely.
-                    # _emit_checkpoint during tool execution; materializing
+                    if (
-                    # it into session history now makes it visible in the
+                        session_key in self._discarding_sessions
-                    # next conversation turn.
+                        or self._preserve_inflight_turns_on_shutdown
-                    if session_key in self._discarding_sessions:
+                    ):
                         raise
                     try:
                         key = self._effective_session_key(msg)
@@ -1437,6 +1507,12 @@ class AgentLoop:
                         await delivery.idle()
                     await self._publish_next_deferred_automation_turn(session_key)
         finally:
+            if (
+                recovery_task_registered
+                and current_task is not None
+                and recovery_admission is not None
+            ):
+                recovery_admission.unregister_recovery_task(session_key, current_task)
             if pending is None:
                 await delivery.idle()
                 await self._publish_next_deferred_automation_turn(session_key)
@@ -1738,7 +1814,10 @@ class AgentLoop:
 
         if self._restore_runtime_checkpoint(session):
             self.sessions.save(session)
-        if self._restore_pending_user_turn(session):
+        if (
+            RECOVERY_INBOUND_METADATA_KEY not in msg.metadata
+            and restore_pending_interruption(session)
+        ):
             self.sessions.save(session)
 
     async def _compact_session(self, ctx: TurnContext) -> None:
@@ -2093,8 +2172,21 @@ class AgentLoop:
             if m.get("role") == "tool" and m.get("tool_call_id")
         }
         last_assistant_idx: int | None = None
+        saved_followup_ids: set[str] = set()
         for m in messages[skip:]:
             entry = dict(m)
+            followup_id_value = cast(object, entry.pop(PENDING_FOLLOWUP_ID_KEY, None))
+            followup_ids = (
+                [followup_id_value]
+                if isinstance(followup_id_value, str)
+                else [
+                    followup_id
+                    for followup_id in cast(list[object], followup_id_value)
+                    if isinstance(followup_id, str)
+                ]
+                if isinstance(followup_id_value, list)
+                else []
+            )
             internal_meta = cast(object, entry.pop("_meta", None))
             runtime_context_meta = (
                 cast(dict[str, Any], internal_meta).get(
@@ -2147,6 +2239,8 @@ class AgentLoop:
                     entry[RUNTIME_CONTEXT_HISTORY_META] = runtime_context_meta
             entry.setdefault("timestamp", datetime.now().isoformat())
             session.messages.append(entry)
+            if role == "user":
+                saved_followup_ids.update(followup_id for followup_id in followup_ids if followup_id)
             if role == "assistant":
                 last_assistant_idx = len(session.messages) - 1
                 declared_tool_call_ids.update(
@@ -2161,6 +2255,8 @@ class AgentLoop:
                 )
         if turn_latency_ms is not None and last_assistant_idx is not None:
             session.messages[last_assistant_idx]["latency_ms"] = int(turn_latency_ms)
+        if saved_followup_ids:
+            acknowledge_pending_followups(session, saved_followup_ids)
         session.updated_at = datetime.now()
 
     def _persist_subagent_followup(self, session: Session, msg: InboundMessage) -> bool:
@@ -2195,7 +2291,7 @@ class AgentLoop:
     def _set_runtime_checkpoint(self, session: Session, payload: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
         """Persist the latest in-flight turn state into session metadata."""
         session.metadata[self._RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY] = payload
-        self.sessions.save(session)
+        self.sessions.save_runtime_checkpoint(session)
 
     def _mark_pending_user_turn(self, session: Session) -> None:
         session.metadata[self._PENDING_USER_TURN_KEY] = True
@@ -2207,136 +2303,9 @@ class AgentLoop:
         if self._RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY in session.metadata:
             session.metadata.pop(self._RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY, None)
 
-    @staticmethod
-    def _checkpoint_message_key(message: dict[str, Any]) -> tuple[Any, ...]:
-        return (
-            message.get("role"),
-            message.get("content"),
-            message.get("tool_call_id"),
-            message.get("name"),
-            message.get("tool_calls"),
-            message.get("reasoning_content"),
-            message.get("thinking_blocks"),
-        )
-
     def _restore_runtime_checkpoint(self, session: Session) -> bool:
         """Materialize an unfinished turn into session history before a new request."""
-        from datetime import datetime
+        return restore_runtime_checkpoint(session)
-
-        checkpoint = cast(
-            object,
-            session.metadata.get(self._RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY),
-        )
-        if not isinstance(checkpoint, dict):
-            return False
-        checkpoint_data = cast(dict[str, Any], checkpoint)
-
-        assistant_message = cast(object, checkpoint_data.get("assistant_message"))
-        completed_tool_results = cast(
-            Iterable[object],
-            checkpoint_data.get("completed_tool_results") or [],
-        )
-        pending_tool_calls = cast(
-            Iterable[object],
-            checkpoint_data.get("pending_tool_calls") or [],
-        )
-
-        restored_messages: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
-        if isinstance(assistant_message, dict):
-            restored = dict(cast(dict[str, Any], assistant_message))
-            restored.setdefault("timestamp", datetime.now().isoformat())
-            restored_messages.append(restored)
-        for message in completed_tool_results:
-            if isinstance(message, dict):
-                restored = dict(cast(dict[str, Any], message))
-                restored.setdefault("timestamp", datetime.now().isoformat())
-                restored_messages.append(restored)
-        for tool_call in pending_tool_calls:
-            if not isinstance(tool_call, dict):
-                continue
-            tool_call_data = cast(dict[str, Any], tool_call)
-            tool_id = tool_call_data.get("id")
-            function_data = cast(
-                dict[str, Any],
-                tool_call_data.get("function") or {},
-            )
-            name = function_data.get("name") or "tool"
-            restored_messages.append(
-                {
-                    "role": "tool",
-                    "tool_call_id": tool_id,
-                    "name": name,
-                    "content": "Error: Task interrupted before this tool finished.",
-                    "timestamp": datetime.now().isoformat(),
-                }
-            )
-
-        overlap = 0
-        max_overlap = min(len(session.messages), len(restored_messages))
-        for size in range(max_overlap, 0, -1):
-            existing = session.messages[-size:]
-            restored = restored_messages[:size]
-            if all(
-                self._checkpoint_message_key(left) == self._checkpoint_message_key(right)
-                for left, right in zip(existing, restored)
-            ):
-                overlap = size
-                break
-        appended_messages = restored_messages[overlap:]
-        session.messages.extend(appended_messages)
-        assistant_message_data = (
-            cast(dict[str, Any], assistant_message)
-            if isinstance(assistant_message, dict)
-            else None
-        )
-        provider_state_is_synchronized = (
-            checkpoint_data.get(self._PROVIDER_STATE_CHECKPOINT_VERSION_KEY)
-            == self._PROVIDER_STATE_CHECKPOINT_VERSION
-        )
-        phase = checkpoint_data.get("phase")
-        exact_final_response = (
-            phase == "final_response"
-            and assistant_message_data is not None
-            and assistant_message_data.get("role") == "assistant"
-            and not bool(checkpoint_data.get("completed_tool_results"))
-            and not bool(checkpoint_data.get("pending_tool_calls"))
-        )
-        exact_completed_tools = (
-            phase == "tools_completed"
-            and assistant_message_data is not None
-            and assistant_message_data.get("role") == "assistant"
-            and not bool(checkpoint_data.get("pending_tool_calls"))
-        )
-        if not (
-            provider_state_is_synchronized
-            and (exact_final_response or exact_completed_tools)
-        ):
-            session.provider_state = None
-
-        self._clear_pending_user_turn(session)
-        self._clear_runtime_checkpoint(session)
-        return True
-
-    def _restore_pending_user_turn(self, session: Session) -> bool:
-        """Close a turn that only persisted the user message before crashing."""
-        from datetime import datetime
-
-        if not session.metadata.get(self._PENDING_USER_TURN_KEY):
-            return False
-
-        if session.messages and session.messages[-1].get("role") == "user":
-            session.messages.append(
-                {
-                    "role": "assistant",
-                    "content": "Error: Task interrupted before a response was generated.",
-                    "timestamp": datetime.now().isoformat(),
-                }
-            )
-            session.provider_state = None
-            session.updated_at = datetime.now()
-
-        self._clear_pending_user_turn(session)
-        return True
 
     async def process_direct(
         self,

nanobot/agent/runner.py

@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ from nanobot.runtime_context import (
     reattach_runtime_context,
 )
 from nanobot.session.history_visibility import is_hidden_history_message
+from nanobot.session.recovery import PENDING_FOLLOWUP_ID_KEY
 from nanobot.utils.helpers import (
     IncrementalThinkExtractor,
     build_assistant_message,
@@ -234,6 +235,23 @@ class AgentRunner:
                         merged.get("content"),
                         injection.get("content"),
                     )
+                followup_id = injection.get(PENDING_FOLLOWUP_ID_KEY)
+                if isinstance(followup_id, str) and followup_id:
+                    existing = cast(object, merged.get(PENDING_FOLLOWUP_ID_KEY))
+                    followup_ids = (
+                        [existing]
+                        if isinstance(existing, str)
+                        else [
+                            item
+                            for item in cast(list[object], existing)
+                            if isinstance(item, str)
+                        ]
+                        if isinstance(existing, list)
+                        else []
+                    )
+                    if followup_id not in followup_ids:
+                        followup_ids.append(followup_id)
+                    merged[PENDING_FOLLOWUP_ID_KEY] = followup_ids
                 messages[-1] = merged
                 continue
             messages.append(injection)
@@ -425,7 +443,7 @@ class AgentRunner:
     ) -> AgentRunResult:
         final_content: str | None = None
         tools_used: list[str] = []
-        usage: dict[str, int] = {"prompt_tokens": 0, "completion_tokens": 0}
+        usage = {"prompt_tokens": 0, "completion_tokens": 0}
         error: str | None = None
         stop_reason = "completed"
         tool_events: list[dict[str, str]] = []
@@ -1384,11 +1402,6 @@ class AgentRunner:
             usage.get("prompt_tokens", 0) + usage.get("completion_tokens", 0)
         ))
 
-    @staticmethod
-    def _accumulate_usage(target: dict[str, int], addition: dict[str, int]) -> None:
-        for key, value in addition.items():
-            target[key] = target.get(key, 0) + value
-
     @staticmethod
     def _merge_usage(left: dict[str, int], right: dict[str, int]) -> dict[str, int]:
         merged = dict(left)
@@ -1396,6 +1409,18 @@ class AgentRunner:
             merged[key] = merged.get(key, 0) + value
         return merged
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def _accumulate_usage(total: dict[str, int], request: dict[str, int]) -> None:
+        """Fold one model request into the current turn's usage."""
+        total["request_count"] = total.get("request_count", 0) + 1
+        prompt_tokens = request.get("prompt_tokens")
+        if prompt_tokens is not None and prompt_tokens >= 0:
+            total["context_tokens"] = prompt_tokens
+        for key, value in request.items():
+            if key in {"context_tokens", "request_count"} or value < 0:
+                continue
+            total[key] = total.get(key, 0) + value
+
     async def _execute_tools(
         self,
         spec: AgentRunSpec,

nanobot/bus/outbound_events.py

@@ -62,6 +62,15 @@ class TurnEndEvent(OutboundEvent):
     context_window_tokens: int | None = None
 
 
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class RecoveryStateEvent(OutboundEvent):
+    status: str
+    recovery_id: str
+    reason: str | None = None
+    attempts: int = 0
+    can_continue: bool | None = None
+
+
 @dataclass(frozen=True)
 class GoalStatusEvent(OutboundEvent):
     status: str
@@ -100,6 +109,7 @@ class TurnModelUpdatedEvent(OutboundEvent):
     model: str
     model_preset: str | None = None
     context_window_tokens: int | None = None
+    fallback: bool = False
 
 
 def outbound_message_for_event(

nanobot/channels/discord/tests/test_discord_channel.py

@@ -145,14 +145,9 @@ class _FakeChannel:
 class _FakeInteractionResponse:
     def __init__(self) -> None:
         self.messages: list[dict] = []
-        self._done = False
 
     async def send_message(self, content: str, *, ephemeral: bool = False) -> None:
         self.messages.append({"content": content, "ephemeral": ephemeral})
-        self._done = True
-
-    def is_done(self) -> bool:
-        return self._done
 
 
 def _make_interaction(

nanobot/channels/manager.py

@@ -104,6 +104,9 @@ class ChannelManager:
         webui_mcp_runtime_status: Callable[[], Mapping[str, str]] | None = None,
         webui_mcp_reload: Callable[[], Awaitable[dict[str, Any]]] | None = None,
         webui_skill_state_action: Callable[[set[str]], None] | None = None,
+        webui_recovery_action: (
+            Callable[[str, dict[str, Any]], Awaitable[dict[str, Any]]] | None
+        ) = None,
         config_path: Path | None = None,
     ):
         if config_path is None:
@@ -126,6 +129,7 @@ class ChannelManager:
         self._webui_mcp_runtime_status = webui_mcp_runtime_status
         self._webui_mcp_reload = webui_mcp_reload
         self._webui_skill_state_action = webui_skill_state_action
+        self._webui_recovery_action = webui_recovery_action
         self.channels: dict[str, BaseChannel] = {}
         self._channel_owners: dict[str, str] = {}
         self._channel_runtime_specs: dict[str, tuple[str, str]] = {}
@@ -197,6 +201,7 @@ class ChannelManager:
                 mcp_runtime_status=self._webui_mcp_runtime_status,
                 mcp_reload=self._webui_mcp_reload,
                 skill_state_action=self._webui_skill_state_action,
+                recovery_action=self._webui_recovery_action,
                 logger=logger,
             )
             kwargs["gateway"] = gateway
@@ -615,6 +620,12 @@ class ChannelManager:
         if target is None:
             logger.warning("Restart notice target channel is not enabled: {}", notice.channel)
             return
+        if notice.channel == "websocket":
+            # Reconnect and recovery are already represented by WebSocket
+            # protocol state. A generic restart-complete notice must not
+            # masquerade as a recovery transition and overwrite a real
+            # awaiting-user checkpoint in connected clients.
+            return
 
         while not target.is_running:
             remaining = deadline - loop.time()

nanobot/channels/mattermost/runtime.py

@@ -53,7 +53,6 @@ class MattermostConfig(Base):
     include_thread_context: bool = True
     thread_context_limit: int = 20
     streaming: bool = True
-    streaming_max_chars: int = 16000
     react_emoji: str = "eyes"
     done_emoji: str = "white_check_mark"
     send_progress: bool = True
@@ -106,7 +105,6 @@ class MattermostChannel(BaseChannel):
         self._ws_task: asyncio.Task[None] | None = None
         self._self_id: str | None = None
         self._self_username: str | None = None
-        self._self_email: str | None = None
         self._usernames: dict[str, str] = {}
         self._user_emails: dict[str, str] = {}
         self._channel_types: dict[str, str] = {}
@@ -138,7 +136,6 @@ class MattermostChannel(BaseChannel):
             me = cast(dict[str, Any], resp.json())
             self._self_id = me.get("id")
             self._self_username = me.get("username")
-            self._self_email = me.get("email", "")
             self.logger.info("bot @{} connected", self._self_username)
         except Exception as e:
             self.logger.error("Failed to identify bot user: {}", e)

nanobot/channels/mattermost/tests/test_mattermost_channel.py

@@ -31,8 +31,6 @@ class _FakeHTTPClient:
         self.delete_calls: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
         self._get_responses: dict[str, Any] = {}
         self._post_responses: dict[str, Any] = {}
-        self._put_responses: dict[str, Any] = {}
-        self._delete_status: int | None = None
 
     def _req(self, method: str, path: str) -> httpx.Request:
         return httpx.Request(method, f"https://chat.example.com{path}")
@@ -46,12 +44,6 @@ class _FakeHTTPClient:
     def set_post_response(self, path: str, data: Any) -> None:
         self._post_responses[path] = data
 
-    def set_put_response(self, path: str, data: Any) -> None:
-        self._put_responses[path] = data
-
-    def set_delete_status(self, status: int) -> None:
-        self._delete_status = status
-
     async def get(self, path: str, **kwargs) -> httpx.Response:
         self.get_calls.append({"path": path, **kwargs})
         data = self._get_responses.get(path, {"id": "resp_" + path.split("/")[-1]})
@@ -71,13 +63,11 @@ class _FakeHTTPClient:
 
     async def put(self, path: str, *, json: dict[str, Any] | None = None, **kwargs) -> httpx.Response:
         self.put_calls.append({"path": path, "json": json})
-        data = self._put_responses.get(path, {"id": path.split("/")[-1]})
+        return self._resp(200, {"id": path.split("/")[-1]}, "PUT", path)
-        return self._resp(200, data, "PUT", path)
 
     async def delete(self, path: str, **kwargs) -> httpx.Response:
         self.delete_calls.append({"path": path})
-        status = self._delete_status if self._delete_status is not None else 200
+        return self._resp(200, {}, "DELETE", path)
-        return self._resp(status, {}, "DELETE", path)
 
     async def aclose(self) -> None:
         pass
@@ -119,7 +109,6 @@ def test_config_defaults():
     assert config.server_url == ""
     assert config.token == ""
     assert config.streaming is True
-    assert config.streaming_max_chars == 16000
     assert config.send_tool_hints is True
     assert config.dm.enabled is True
     assert config.dm.policy == "open"
@@ -150,7 +139,6 @@ def test_config_camelcase_aliases():
         "serverUrl": "https://mm.example.com",
         "token": "abc123",
         "allowFromMatchMode": "username",
-        "streamingMaxChars": 8000,
         "replyInThread": False,
         "sendToolHints": False,
     }
@@ -158,7 +146,6 @@ def test_config_camelcase_aliases():
     assert config.server_url == "https://mm.example.com"
     assert config.token == "abc123"
     assert config.allow_from_match_mode == "username"
-    assert config.streaming_max_chars == 8000
     assert config.reply_in_thread is False
     assert config.send_tool_hints is False
 
@@ -194,7 +181,6 @@ async def test_start_identifies_bot():
 
     assert channel._self_id == "botuserid123"
     assert channel._self_username == "nanobot"
-    assert channel._self_email == "bot@example.com"
     assert not start_task.done()
     user_me_calls = [c for c in fake.get_calls[calls_before:] if "/api/v4/users/me" in c["path"]]
     assert len(user_me_calls) == 1
@@ -674,7 +660,7 @@ async def test_stream_end_adds_done_emoji():
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_stream_chunk_boundary_finalizes_and_creates_new():
-    channel, fake = _make_channel({"streamingMaxChars": 10})
+    channel, fake = _make_channel()
     channel._self_id = "bot_id"
     fake.set_post_response("/api/v4/posts", {"id": "post_1"})
 

nanobot/channels/mochat/runtime.py

@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ class MochatChannel(BaseChannel):
         self.config: MochatConfig = config
         self._http: httpx.AsyncClient | None = None
         self._socket: Any = None
-        self._ws_connected = self._ws_ready = False
+        self._ws_ready = False
 
         self._state_dir = get_runtime_subdir("mochat")
         self._cursor_path = self._state_dir / "session_cursors.json"
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ class MochatChannel(BaseChannel):
         if self._http:
             await self._http.aclose()
             self._http = None
-        self._ws_connected = self._ws_ready = False
+        self._ws_ready = False
 
     async def send(self, msg: OutboundMessage) -> None:
         """Send outbound message to session or panel."""
@@ -422,7 +422,7 @@ class MochatChannel(BaseChannel):
         )
 
         async def connect() -> None:
-            self._ws_connected, self._ws_ready = True, False
+            self._ws_ready = False
             self.logger.info("websocket connected")
             subscribed = await self._subscribe_all()
             self._ws_ready = subscribed
@@ -431,7 +431,7 @@ class MochatChannel(BaseChannel):
         async def disconnect() -> None:
             if not self._running:
                 return
-            self._ws_connected = self._ws_ready = False
+            self._ws_ready = False
             self.logger.warning("websocket disconnected")
             await self._ensure_fallback_workers()
 

nanobot/channels/signal/tests/test_signal_markdown.py

@@ -363,13 +363,6 @@ def test_reported_daily_brief_pattern():
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
-def _resolve_chunk_styles(text: str, max_len: int) -> tuple[list[str], list[list[str]]]:
-    """Helper: full markdown → signal pipeline, including chunking."""
-    plain, styles = _markdown_to_signal(text)
-    chunks = split_message(plain, max_len) if plain else [""]
-    return chunks, _partition_styles(plain, chunks, styles)
-
-
 def test_partition_styles_single_chunk_passthrough():
     plain, styles = _markdown_to_signal("**bold** plain *it*")
     parts = _partition_styles(plain, [plain], styles)

nanobot/channels/slack/runtime.py

@@ -69,7 +69,6 @@ class SlackConfig(Base):
     webhook_path: str = "/slack/events"
     bot_token: str = ""
     app_token: str = ""
-    user_token_read_only: bool = True
     reply_in_thread: bool = True
     react_emoji: str = "eyes"
     done_emoji: str = "white_check_mark"

nanobot/channels/websocket/runtime.py

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ from nanobot.bus.outbound_events import (
     GoalStateSyncEvent,
     GoalStatusEvent,
     ProgressEvent,
+    RecoveryStateEvent,
     RuntimeModelUpdatedEvent,
     SessionUpdatedEvent,
     TurnEndEvent,
@@ -55,6 +56,7 @@ from nanobot.security.workspace_access import (
 )
 from nanobot.session.goal_state import goal_state_ws_blob
 from nanobot.session.model_selection import model_preset_from_metadata
+from nanobot.session.recovery import recovery_state_from_metadata
 from nanobot.session.webui_turns import (
     clear_websocket_turn_if_current,
     clear_websocket_turns,
@@ -426,6 +428,7 @@ class WebSocketChannel(BaseChannel):
         )
 
         self._stream_text_buffers: dict[tuple[str, str], list[str]] = {}
+        self._reasoning_text_buffers: dict[tuple[str, str], list[str]] = {}
 
     # -- Subscription bookkeeping -------------------------------------------
 
@@ -452,6 +455,9 @@ class WebSocketChannel(BaseChannel):
             self.logger.warning("ignoring invalid model preset metadata for chat_id={}", chat_id)
             fields["model_preset"] = None
         if isinstance(metadata, dict):
+            recovery_state = recovery_state_from_metadata(metadata)
+            if recovery_state is not None:
+                fields["recovery_state"] = recovery_state
             usage = metadata.get("_last_usage")
             if isinstance(usage, dict):
                 sanitized_usage: dict[str, int | float] = {}
@@ -482,6 +488,9 @@ class WebSocketChannel(BaseChannel):
         for key in tuple(self._stream_text_buffers):
             if key[0] == chat_id:
                 self._stream_text_buffers.pop(key, None)
+        for key in tuple(self._reasoning_text_buffers):
+            if key[0] == chat_id:
+                self._reasoning_text_buffers.pop(key, None)
 
     async def _discard_connection_owned_chat(
         self,
@@ -1641,11 +1650,22 @@ class WebSocketChannel(BaseChannel):
             include_source=include_source,
             transcript_overrides=transcript_overrides,
         )
-        if (
+        return self._retain_turn_on_transcript_failure(
-            not persisted
+            chat_id,
-            and phase in {"answer", "complete"}
+            persisted=persisted,
-            and (metadata or {}).get("webui") is True
+            metadata=metadata,
-        ):
+            phase=phase,
+        )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _retain_turn_on_transcript_failure(
+        chat_id: str,
+        *,
+        persisted: bool,
+        metadata: dict[str, Any] | None,
+        phase: str,
+    ) -> bool:
+        if not persisted and phase in {"answer", "complete"} and (metadata or {}).get("webui") is True:
             owner = (metadata or {}).get(WEBSOCKET_TURN_OWNER_METADATA_KEY)
             mark_websocket_turn_transcript_persistence_failed(
                 chat_id,
@@ -1653,6 +1673,34 @@ class WebSocketChannel(BaseChannel):
             )
         return persisted
 
+    def _persist_turn_stream_event(
+        self,
+        chat_id: str,
+        event: dict[str, Any],
+        *,
+        completed_text: str | None,
+        metadata: dict[str, Any] | None,
+        phase: str,
+        include_source: bool = False,
+    ) -> bool:
+        """Persist the canonical end of a live stream, never its wire chunks."""
+        if not self._temporary_chats.should_persist_transcript(chat_id):
+            return True
+        persisted = self._transcripts.prepare_and_append_stream_event(
+            chat_id,
+            event,
+            completed_text=completed_text,
+            metadata=metadata,
+            phase=phase,
+            include_source=include_source,
+        )
+        return self._retain_turn_on_transcript_failure(
+            chat_id,
+            persisted=persisted,
+            metadata=metadata,
+            phase=phase,
+        )
+
     async def send(self, msg: OutboundMessage) -> None:
         event = outbound_event_from_message(msg)
         progress_event = event if isinstance(event, ProgressEvent) else None
@@ -1685,6 +1733,7 @@ class WebSocketChannel(BaseChannel):
                     model_name=event.model,
                     model_preset=event.model_preset,
                     context_window_tokens=event.context_window_tokens,
+                    fallback=event.fallback,
                 )
             return
         if isinstance(event, UserInputEvent):
@@ -1696,6 +1745,10 @@ class WebSocketChannel(BaseChannel):
                     provenance=event.provenance,
                 )
             return
+        if isinstance(event, RecoveryStateEvent):
+            if conns:
+                await self.send_recovery_state(msg.chat_id, event)
+            return
         if isinstance(event, GoalStateSyncEvent):
             if conns:
                 await self.send_goal_state(msg.chat_id, event.goal_state or {"active": False})
@@ -1834,9 +1887,12 @@ class WebSocketChannel(BaseChannel):
         }
         if stream_id is not None:
             body["stream_id"] = stream_id
-        self._persist_turn_transcript_event(
+        stream_key = (chat_id, str(stream_id or ""))
+        self._reasoning_text_buffers.setdefault(stream_key, []).append(delta)
+        self._persist_turn_stream_event(
             chat_id,
             body,
+            completed_text=None,
             metadata=meta,
             phase="reasoning",
         )
@@ -1862,9 +1918,12 @@ class WebSocketChannel(BaseChannel):
         }
         if stream_id is not None:
             body["stream_id"] = stream_id
-        self._persist_turn_transcript_event(
+        stream_key = (chat_id, str(stream_id or ""))
+        reasoning_text = "".join(self._reasoning_text_buffers.pop(stream_key, []))
+        self._persist_turn_stream_event(
             chat_id,
             body,
+            completed_text=reasoning_text or None,
             metadata=meta,
             phase="reasoning",
         )
@@ -1912,6 +1971,7 @@ class WebSocketChannel(BaseChannel):
         conns = list(self._subs.get(chat_id, ()))
         meta = metadata or {}
         stream_key = (chat_id, str(stream_id or ""))
+        completed_text: str | None = None
         if stream_end:
             body: dict[str, Any] = {"event": "stream_end", "chat_id": chat_id}
             buffered = (
@@ -1923,6 +1983,7 @@ class WebSocketChannel(BaseChannel):
                 buffered.append(delta)
             full_text = "".join(buffered)
             rewritten = self._media.rewrite_local_markdown_images(full_text)
+            completed_text = rewritten
             if delta or rewritten != full_text:
                 body["text"] = rewritten
         else:
@@ -1938,9 +1999,10 @@ class WebSocketChannel(BaseChannel):
             body["resuming"] = True
         if stream_end and merge_next:
             body["merge_next"] = True
-        self._persist_turn_transcript_event(
+        self._persist_turn_stream_event(
             chat_id,
             body,
+            completed_text=completed_text,
             metadata=meta,
             phase="answer",
             include_source=True,
@@ -1997,12 +2059,34 @@ class WebSocketChannel(BaseChannel):
             # carries a durable incomplete marker. The HTTP replay path can
             # recover the latter from session history after a gateway restart.
             clear_websocket_turn_if_current(chat_id, turn_owner)
+        self._clear_stream_buffers(chat_id)
         raw = json.dumps(body, ensure_ascii=False)
         if not conns:
             return
         for connection in conns:
             await self._safe_send_to(connection, raw, label=" turn_end ")
 
+    async def send_recovery_state(
+        self,
+        chat_id: str,
+        event: RecoveryStateEvent,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Publish one structured recovery transition without chat pollution."""
+        body: dict[str, Any] = {
+            "event": "recovery_state",
+            "chat_id": chat_id,
+            "status": event.status,
+            "recovery_id": event.recovery_id,
+            "attempts": event.attempts,
+        }
+        if event.reason:
+            body["reason"] = event.reason
+        if event.can_continue is not None:
+            body["can_continue"] = event.can_continue
+        raw = json.dumps(body, ensure_ascii=False)
+        for connection in list(self._subs.get(chat_id, ())):
+            await self._safe_send_to(connection, raw, label=" recovery_state ")
+
     async def send_goal_state(self, chat_id: str, blob: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
         """Push persisted goal-state snapshot for *chat_id* (multi-chat isolation)."""
         conns = list(self._subs.get(chat_id, ()))
@@ -2102,6 +2186,7 @@ class WebSocketChannel(BaseChannel):
         model_name: Any,
         model_preset: Any = None,
         context_window_tokens: Any = None,
+        fallback: bool = False,
     ) -> None:
         """Notify one chat's subscribers which model is handling its current request."""
         conns = list(self._subs.get(chat_id, ()))
@@ -2120,6 +2205,8 @@ class WebSocketChannel(BaseChannel):
             body["model_preset"] = model_preset.strip()
         if isinstance(context_window_tokens, int) and context_window_tokens > 0:
             body["context_window_tokens"] = context_window_tokens
+        if fallback:
+            body["fallback"] = True
         raw = json.dumps(body, ensure_ascii=False)
         for connection in conns:
             await self._safe_send_to(connection, raw, label=" turn_model_updated ")

nanobot/channels/websocket/tests/test_websocket_channel.py

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ from nanobot.bus.outbound_events import (
     GoalStateSyncEvent,
     GoalStatusEvent,
     ProgressEvent,
+    RecoveryStateEvent,
     RuntimeModelUpdatedEvent,
     SessionUpdatedEvent,
     TurnEndEvent,
@@ -2073,6 +2074,21 @@ async def test_send_scopes_turn_model_updates_to_the_subscribed_chat() -> None:
         "model_preset": "Deep Research",
         "context_window_tokens": 128_000,
     }
+
+    await channel.send(
+        OutboundMessage(
+            channel="websocket",
+            chat_id="chat-1",
+            content="",
+            event=TurnModelUpdatedEvent(
+                model="deepseek/deepseek-chat",
+                model_preset="Deep Research",
+                fallback=True,
+            ),
+        )
+    )
+    fallback_payload = json.loads(chat_one.send.call_args.args[0])
+    assert fallback_payload["fallback"] is True
     chat_two.send.assert_not_awaited()
 
 
@@ -2348,8 +2364,9 @@ async def test_send_delta_preserves_webui_source_metadata() -> None:
     assert second["event"] == "stream_end"
     assert second["source"] == source
     lines = read_transcript_lines("websocket:chat-source-stream")
-    assert lines[-2]["source"] == source
     assert lines[-1]["source"] == source
+    assert lines[-1]["event"] == "stream_end"
+    assert lines[-1]["text"] == "done"
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
@@ -2374,6 +2391,8 @@ async def test_send_delta_marks_resuming_stream_end() -> None:
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_send_delta_keeps_buffer_across_merged_stream_boundary() -> None:
+    from nanobot.webui.transcript import build_webui_thread_response, read_transcript_lines
+
     bus = MagicMock()
     channel = WebSocketChannel(
         {"enabled": True, "allowFrom": ["*"], "streaming": True},
@@ -2403,6 +2422,12 @@ async def test_send_delta_keeps_buffer_across_merged_stream_boundary() -> None:
         "second",
     ]
     assert ("chat-1", "sid") not in channel._stream_text_buffers
+    lines = read_transcript_lines("websocket:chat-1")
+    assert [line["event"] for line in lines] == ["stream_end", "stream_end"]
+    assert [line["text"] for line in lines] == ["first ", "first second"]
+    body = build_webui_thread_response("websocket:chat-1")
+    assert body is not None
+    assert body["messages"][-1]["content"] == "first second"
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
@@ -2596,7 +2621,8 @@ async def test_stream_transcript_persists_without_subscribers() -> None:
 
     assert channel._subs == {}
     lines = read_transcript_lines("websocket:chat-1")
-    assert [line["event"] for line in lines] == ["delta", "delta", "stream_end", "turn_end"]
+    assert [line["event"] for line in lines] == ["stream_end", "turn_end"]
+    assert lines[0]["text"] == "hello world"
     body = build_webui_thread_response("websocket:chat-1")
     assert body is not None
     assert body["messages"][-1]["role"] == "assistant"
@@ -2604,6 +2630,77 @@ async def test_stream_transcript_persists_without_subscribers() -> None:
     assert body["messages"][-1]["latencyMs"] == 42
 
 
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_stream_transcript_writes_once_per_completed_segment(monkeypatch) -> None:
+    bus = MagicMock()
+    channel = WebSocketChannel(
+        {"enabled": True, "allowFrom": ["*"], "streaming": True},
+        bus,
+        gateway=_basic_handler(bus),
+    )
+    append = MagicMock()
+    monkeypatch.setattr("nanobot.webui.transcript.append_transcript_object", append)
+
+    await channel.send_delta("chat-write-rate", "one", stream_id="s1")
+    await channel.send_delta("chat-write-rate", " two", stream_id="s1")
+    await channel.send_delta("chat-write-rate", " three", stream_id="s1")
+
+    append.assert_not_called()
+
+    await channel.send_delta("chat-write-rate", "", stream_id="s1", stream_end=True)
+
+    append.assert_called_once()
+    persisted = append.call_args.args[1]
+    assert persisted["event"] == "stream_end"
+    assert persisted["text"] == "one two three"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_reasoning_transcript_persists_one_canonical_record(monkeypatch) -> None:
+    bus = MagicMock()
+    channel = WebSocketChannel(
+        {"enabled": True, "allowFrom": ["*"]},
+        bus,
+        gateway=_basic_handler(bus),
+    )
+    append = MagicMock()
+    monkeypatch.setattr("nanobot.webui.transcript.append_transcript_object", append)
+
+    await channel.send_reasoning_delta("chat-reasoning-write-rate", "plan ", stream_id="r1")
+    await channel.send_reasoning_delta("chat-reasoning-write-rate", "then act", stream_id="r1")
+
+    append.assert_not_called()
+
+    await channel.send_reasoning_end("chat-reasoning-write-rate", stream_id="r1")
+
+    append.assert_called_once()
+    persisted = append.call_args.args[1]
+    assert persisted["event"] == "reasoning_end"
+    assert persisted["text"] == "plan then act"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_turn_end_discards_unclosed_stream_buffers() -> None:
+    bus = MagicMock()
+    channel = WebSocketChannel(
+        {"enabled": True, "allowFrom": ["*"], "streaming": True},
+        bus,
+        gateway=_basic_handler(bus),
+    )
+
+    await channel.send_delta("chat-unclosed", "partial", stream_id="s1")
+    await channel.send_reasoning_delta("chat-unclosed", "thinking", stream_id="r1")
+    await channel.send(OutboundMessage(
+        channel="websocket",
+        chat_id="chat-unclosed",
+        content="",
+        event=TurnEndEvent(),
+    ))
+
+    assert channel._stream_text_buffers == {}
+    assert channel._reasoning_text_buffers == {}
+
+
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_send_turn_end_emits_turn_end_event() -> None:
     bus = MagicMock()
@@ -2624,6 +2721,39 @@ async def test_send_turn_end_emits_turn_end_event() -> None:
     ]
 
 
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_recovery_state_is_a_structured_event_not_assistant_text() -> None:
+    bus = MagicMock()
+    channel = WebSocketChannel(
+        {"enabled": True, "allowFrom": ["*"]},
+        bus,
+        gateway=_basic_handler(bus),
+    )
+    mock_ws = AsyncMock()
+    channel._attach(mock_ws, "chat-1")
+
+    await channel.send(OutboundMessage(
+        channel="websocket",
+        chat_id="chat-1",
+        content="",
+        event=RecoveryStateEvent(
+            status="awaiting_user",
+            recovery_id="recovery-1",
+            reason="tool_state_unknown",
+            attempts=1,
+        ),
+    ))
+
+    assert _sent_ws_payloads(mock_ws) == [{
+        "event": "recovery_state",
+        "chat_id": "chat-1",
+        "status": "awaiting_user",
+        "recovery_id": "recovery-1",
+        "reason": "tool_state_unknown",
+        "attempts": 1,
+    }]
+
+
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_system_command_turn_end_only_refreshes_session_metadata() -> None:
     bus = MagicMock()

nanobot/channels/websocket/tests/test_websocket_http_routes.py

@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@ def _make_handler(
     channel_feature_action: Any | None = None,
     channel_runtime_status: Any | None = None,
     mcp_reload: Any | None = None,
+    recovery_action: Any | None = None,
 ) -> GatewayServices:
     config = WebSocketConfig.model_validate(cfg) if isinstance(cfg, dict) else cfg
     workspace = workspace_path or Path.cwd()
@@ -103,6 +104,7 @@ def _make_handler(
         channel_feature_action=channel_feature_action,
         channel_runtime_status=channel_runtime_status,
         mcp_reload=mcp_reload,
+        recovery_action=recovery_action,
     )
 
 
@@ -121,6 +123,7 @@ def _ch(
     channel_feature_action: Any | None = None,
     channel_runtime_status: Any | None = None,
     mcp_reload: Any | None = None,
+    recovery_action: Any | None = None,
     **extra: Any,
 ) -> WebSocketChannel:
     cfg: dict[str, Any] = {
@@ -145,6 +148,7 @@ def _ch(
         channel_feature_action=channel_feature_action,
         channel_runtime_status=channel_runtime_status,
         mcp_reload=mcp_reload,
+        recovery_action=recovery_action,
     )
     return InProcessHttpChannel(cfg, bus, gateway=gateway)
 
@@ -1244,39 +1248,6 @@ async def test_pairing_routes_require_token_and_approve_or_deny(
     assert "Missing pairing code" in missing_code.text
 
 
-def test_api_service_settings_read_api_key_from_webui_payload(bus: MagicMock) -> None:
-    channel = _ch(bus)
-    request = _FakeReq(path="/api/settings/api-service/start")
-    setattr(
-        request,
-        "_nanobot_webui_mutation_payload",
-        {"host": "0.0.0.0", "port": 8900, "timeout": 120, "api_key": "secret-token"},
-    )
-
-    query = channel.gateway.http.settings_routes._parse_api_service_settings_query(request)
-
-    assert query == {
-        "host": ["0.0.0.0"],
-        "port": ["8900"],
-        "timeout": ["120"],
-        "api_key": ["secret-token"],
-    }
-
-
-def test_api_service_settings_reject_non_string_api_key(bus: MagicMock) -> None:
-    from nanobot.webui.settings_api import WebUISettingsError
-
-    channel = _ch(bus)
-    request = _FakeReq(path="/api/settings/api-service/start")
-    setattr(
-        request,
-        "_nanobot_webui_mutation_payload",
-        {"host": "127.0.0.1", "api_key": 123},
-    )
-
-    with pytest.raises(WebUISettingsError, match="API key must be a string"):
-        channel.gateway.http.settings_routes._parse_api_service_settings_query(request)
-
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_nanobot_feature_remote_install_requires_opt_in(
     bus: MagicMock,
@@ -3275,6 +3246,28 @@ async def _webui_mutate(
     )
 
 
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_recovery_mutation_uses_authenticated_websocket_action(bus: MagicMock) -> None:
+    recovery_action = AsyncMock(return_value={
+        "status": "resuming",
+        "recovery_id": "recovery-1",
+    })
+    channel = _ch(bus, recovery_action=recovery_action)
+
+    response = await _webui_mutate(
+        channel,
+        "recovery.continue",
+        {"chat_id": "chat-1", "recovery_id": "recovery-1"},
+    )
+
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response.json()["status"] == "resuming"
+    recovery_action.assert_awaited_once_with(
+        "continue",
+        {"chat_id": "chat-1", "recovery_id": "recovery-1"},
+    )
+
+
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_workspace_folder_picker_is_local_authenticated_mutation(
     bus: MagicMock,

nanobot/channels/websocket/tests/ws_test_client.py

@@ -202,12 +202,6 @@ class WsTestClient:
         assert msg.event == "delta", f"Expected 'delta' event, got '{msg.event}'"
         return msg
 
-    async def recv_stream_end(self, timeout: float = 10.0) -> WsMessage:
-        """Receive and validate a 'stream_end' event."""
-        msg = await self.recv(timeout)
-        assert msg.event == "stream_end", f"Expected 'stream_end' event, got '{msg.event}'"
-        return msg
-
     async def collect_stream(self, timeout: float = 10.0) -> list[WsMessage]:
         """Collect all deltas and the final stream_end into a list."""
         messages: list[WsMessage] = []
@@ -232,10 +226,6 @@ class WsTestClient:
         """Send a JSON frame."""
         await self.ws.send(json.dumps(data, ensure_ascii=False))
 
-    async def send_content(self, content: str) -> None:
-        """Send content in the preferred JSON format ``{"content": ...}``."""
-        await self.send_json({"content": content})
-
     # -- Connection introspection -----------------------------------------
 
     @property

nanobot/cli/commands.py

@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ from nanobot.cli.agent import agent  # noqa: E402
 from nanobot.cli.gateway import create_gateway_app  # noqa: E402
 from nanobot.cli.gateway_runtime import _run_gateway  # noqa: E402
 from nanobot.cli.log_control import _set_nanobot_logs  # noqa: E402
+from nanobot.cli.process_identity import set_cli_process_identity  # noqa: E402
 from nanobot.cli.provider import provider_app  # noqa: E402
 from nanobot.cli.runtime_config import (  # noqa: E402
     _load_inspection_config,
@@ -99,12 +100,17 @@ def version_callback(value: bool):
 
 @app.callback()
 def main(
+    ctx: typer.Context,
     version: bool = typer.Option(
         None, "--version", "-v", callback=version_callback, is_eager=True
     ),
 ):
     """nanobot - Personal AI Assistant."""
-    pass
+    # Editable/source installs can retain an older generated console script that
+    # imports this Typer app directly instead of ``nanobot.cli.entry``. Keep the
+    # role identity correct until that launcher is regenerated.
+    command = ctx.invoked_subcommand
+    set_cli_process_identity([command] if command else sys.argv[1:])
 
 
 # ============================================================================

nanobot/cli/entry.py

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ import os
 import sys
 from contextlib import suppress
 
+from nanobot.cli.process_identity import set_cli_process_identity
+
 
 def _native_tui_candidate(args: list[str]) -> bool:
     """Return whether ``agent`` can start without the classic agent stack."""
@@ -34,6 +36,7 @@ def _configure_windows_console() -> None:
 
 def main() -> None:
     """Dispatch native TUI startup without importing the complete CLI graph."""
+    set_cli_process_identity(sys.argv[1:])
     _configure_windows_console()
     if _native_tui_candidate(sys.argv[1:]):
         import typer

nanobot/cli/gateway_runtime.py

@@ -322,6 +322,7 @@ def _run_gateway(
     from nanobot.providers.fallback_provider import FallbackProvider
     from nanobot.providers.image_generation import image_gen_provider_configs
     from nanobot.session.manager import SessionManager
+    from nanobot.session.recovery import RecoveryCoordinator
     from nanobot.session.webui_turns import (
         WebuiTurnCoordinator,
         WebuiTurnRoutePolicy,
@@ -422,6 +423,12 @@ def _run_gateway(
     tools = ToolRegistry()
     mcp_provider = MCPProvider.from_config(config, tools)
 
+    recovery = RecoveryCoordinator(
+        sessions=session_manager,
+        bus=bus,
+        unified_session=config.agents.defaults.unified_session,
+    )
+
     # Create agent with cron service
     agent = AgentLoop.from_config(
         config, bus,
@@ -440,6 +447,7 @@ def _run_gateway(
         local_trigger_store=trigger_store,
         hook_factories=[create_file_edit_activity_hook],
         tool_registry=tools,
+        recovery_admission=recovery,
     )
     def _schedule_webui_background(awaitable: Awaitable[None]) -> None:
         agent.schedule_background(cast(Coroutine[Any, Any, None], awaitable))
@@ -448,6 +456,7 @@ def _run_gateway(
         bus=bus,
         sessions=session_manager,
         schedule_background=_schedule_webui_background,
+        recovery=recovery,
     )
     webui_turn_coordinator.subscribe(runtime_events)
     from nanobot.bus.events import OutboundMessage
@@ -683,6 +692,7 @@ def _run_gateway(
         webui_mcp_runtime_status=mcp_provider.runtime_status,
         webui_mcp_reload=mcp_provider.reload,
         webui_skill_state_action=_webui_skill_state_action,
+        webui_recovery_action=recovery.handle_action,
         config_path=Path(config_path),
     )
 
@@ -849,6 +859,7 @@ def _run_gateway(
         tasks: list[asyncio.Task[Any]] = []
         shutdown_task: asyncio.Task[Any] | None = None
         runtime_tasks: asyncio.Future[list[Any]] | None = None
+        startup_complete = False
         shutdown_event = asyncio.Event()
         cli_terminal._ensure_interactive_tty_mode()
         restore_shutdown_handlers = _install_gateway_shutdown_handlers(
@@ -861,6 +872,10 @@ def _run_gateway(
             await cron.start()
             # Re-read once on first admission to close the watcher subscription window.
             agent.runtime_resolver.invalidate()
+            # Recovery must finish before WebSocket and other channels begin
+            # accepting new input.  That makes a new user message reliably
+            # supersede an old recoverable turn instead of racing its queue.
+            await recovery.scan()
             async def _run_agent() -> None:
                 try:
                     await mcp_provider.connect()
@@ -915,6 +930,7 @@ def _run_gateway(
                     name="nanobot-webui-dev-server",
                 ))
             runtime_tasks = asyncio.gather(*tasks)
+            startup_complete = True
             shutdown_task = asyncio.create_task(
                 shutdown_event.wait(),
                 name="nanobot-gateway-shutdown",
@@ -936,6 +952,10 @@ def _run_gateway(
 
             console.print("\n[red]Error: Gateway crashed unexpectedly[/red]")
             console.print(traceback.format_exc())
+            if not startup_complete:
+                # Do not report a successful gateway command when startup
+                # failed before any runtime task or listener was created.
+                raise typer.Exit(1)
         finally:
             try:
                 if shutdown_task and not shutdown_task.done():
@@ -943,6 +963,10 @@ def _run_gateway(
                     with suppress(asyncio.CancelledError):
                         await shutdown_task
                 cron.stop()
+                # A gateway exit interrupts ownership of active turns; it is
+                # not the same as the user stopping a turn.  Keep checkpoints
+                # so the next gateway can offer an explicit Continue action.
+                agent.preserve_inflight_turns_on_shutdown()
                 agent.stop()
                 # Cancel runtime tasks first, then deterministically close
                 # exec/MCP resources while the event loop is still alive.

nanobot/cli/process_identity.py

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+"""Give nanobot processes recognizable operating-system names."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import hashlib
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Final
+
+_ROLES: Final = {"agent", "gateway", "webui"}
+
+
+def _set_process_title(title: str) -> None:
+    # Process titles are short; do not trade Linux /proc environment visibility for
+    # extra title storage. setproctitle reads this switch when it is imported.
+    os.environ.setdefault("SPT_NOENV", "1")
+    from setproctitle import setproctitle
+
+    setproctitle(title)
+
+
+def set_cli_process_identity(args: list[str]) -> None:
+    """Name this CLI process after the nanobot role it is running."""
+    if os.name == "nt":
+        # Windows process managers use the console launcher's executable name,
+        # which packaging already generates as ``nanobot.exe``.
+        return
+    role = args[0] if args and args[0] in _ROLES else None
+    _set_process_title(f"nanobot-{role}" if role else "nanobot")
+
+
+def named_executable(executable: str, *, name: str, directory: Path) -> str:
+    """Return a stable POSIX symlink whose basename identifies a child process."""
+    if os.name == "nt":
+        return executable
+    try:
+        target = Path(executable).resolve(strict=True)
+        digest = hashlib.sha256(os.fsencode(target)).hexdigest()[:12]
+        link_dir = directory / digest
+        link = link_dir / name
+        link_dir.mkdir(mode=0o700, parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+        if link.is_symlink() and link.resolve(strict=False) == target:
+            return str(link)
+        if link.exists():
+            return executable
+        pending = link.with_name(f".{name}.{os.getpid()}")
+        pending.unlink(missing_ok=True)
+        pending.symlink_to(target)
+        os.replace(pending, link)
+    except OSError:
+        return executable
+    return str(link)

nanobot/cli/tui_launcher.py

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ from pathlib import Path
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, cast
 
 from nanobot import __version__
+from nanobot.cli.process_identity import named_executable
 from nanobot.cli.runtime_config import _model_display
 from nanobot.cli.webui_support import (
     _gateway_health_ready,
@@ -229,7 +230,12 @@ def _resolve_source_tui_command(source_dir: Path, bun: str) -> list[str]:
         detail = (install.stderr or install.stdout).strip().splitlines()
         suffix = f": {detail[-1]}" if detail else ""
         raise TuiUnavailableError(f"could not install TUI dependencies{suffix}")
-    return [bun, str(source_dir / "src" / "index.ts")]
+    executable = named_executable(
+        bun,
+        name="nanobot-tui",
+        directory=get_data_dir() / "run" / "executables",
+    )
+    return [executable, str(source_dir / "src" / "index.ts")]
 
 
 def _download_release_tui(asset: str) -> Path | None:

nanobot/process_runtime.py

@@ -96,22 +96,6 @@ class ManagedProcessRuntime(Generic[_StartOptionsT]):
         # it; poll() both reaps it and reports the real lifecycle state.
         self._owned_process: Any | None = None
 
-    @classmethod
-    def refresh_state_pid(cls, *, paths: ProcessRuntimePaths) -> None:
-        """Update a managed state file after the recorded process restarts."""
-        if not paths.state_path.exists():
-            return
-        try:
-            state = json.loads(paths.state_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
-        except (json.JSONDecodeError, OSError):
-            return
-        state["pid"] = os.getpid()
-        runtime = cls(paths=paths)
-        state.pop("stable_identity", None)
-        state.update(runtime.process_identity_record(os.getpid()))
-        state["started_at"] = _utc_now()
-        runtime._write_state(state)
-
     def start_background(self, options: _StartOptionsT) -> ProcessResult:
         """Start the configured command as a detached process."""
         with self._lifecycle_lock():

nanobot/providers/fallback_provider.py

@@ -509,8 +509,6 @@ class FallbackProvider(LLMProvider):
                 )
                 continue
 
-            await self._notify_fallback_model(fallback_model)
-
             fallback_kwargs = {
                 **kwargs,
                 "model": fallback_model,
@@ -541,6 +539,11 @@ class FallbackProvider(LLMProvider):
             fallback_response = await call(fallback_provider, fallback_kwargs)
 
             if fallback_response.finish_reason != "error":
+                # Do not publish a model switch merely because a fallback was
+                # attempted.  A fallback can fail just like the primary, and
+                # the WebUI would otherwise show a misleading success signal.
+                # Publish only after this response is known to be usable.
+                await self._notify_fallback_model(fallback_model)
                 logger.info(
                     "Fallback '{}' succeeded after primary '{}' failed",
                     fallback_model, primary_model,

nanobot/providers/openai_responses/parsing.py

@@ -251,6 +251,26 @@ def _refusal_event_key(
     )
 
 
+def _reasoning_summary_event_key(
+    item_id: object,
+    summary_index: object,
+) -> tuple[str | None, int] | None:
+    """Identify one reasoning summary part across its text deltas."""
+    if not isinstance(summary_index, int) or isinstance(summary_index, bool):
+        return None
+    return (
+        item_id if isinstance(item_id, str) else None,
+        summary_index,
+    )
+
+
+def _separate_reasoning_part(content: str | None, part: str) -> str:
+    """Separate summary parts only when the provider supplied no whitespace."""
+    if content and not content[-1].isspace() and not part[0].isspace():
+        return "\n" + part
+    return part
+
+
 def _remaining_refusal_text(streamed_text: str, refusal_text: str) -> str:
     """Return only text not already surfaced by refusal deltas."""
     if not streamed_text:
@@ -342,6 +362,7 @@ async def consume_sse_with_reasoning(
     usage: dict[str, int] = {}
     reasoning_content: str | None = None
     streamed_reasoning = False
+    reasoning_summary_key: tuple[str | None, int] | None = None
     refusal_seen = False
     refusal_deltas: dict[tuple[str | None, int | None], str] = {}
     emitted_refusal_text = ""
@@ -406,6 +427,18 @@ async def consume_sse_with_reasoning(
         elif event_type == "response.reasoning_summary_text.delta":
             delta_text = event.get("delta") or ""
             if delta_text:
+                summary_key = _reasoning_summary_event_key(
+                    event.get("item_id"),
+                    event.get("summary_index"),
+                )
+                if (
+                    summary_key is not None
+                    and reasoning_summary_key is not None
+                    and summary_key != reasoning_summary_key
+                ):
+                    delta_text = _separate_reasoning_part(reasoning_content, delta_text)
+                if summary_key is not None:
+                    reasoning_summary_key = summary_key
                 reasoning_content = (reasoning_content or "") + delta_text
                 streamed_reasoning = True
                 if on_reasoning_delta:
@@ -538,7 +571,10 @@ def _extract_reasoning_summary_from_output(output: object) -> str | None:
                 text = summary.get("text")
                 if isinstance(text, str):
                     parts.append(text)
-    return "".join(parts) or None
+    content = ""
+    for part in parts:
+        content += _separate_reasoning_part(content, part)
+    return content or None
 
 
 def parse_response_output(

nanobot/session/manager.py

@@ -48,15 +48,21 @@ _SESSION_PREVIEW_MAX_CHARS = 120
 _SESSION_LIST_PREVIEW_MAX_RECORDS = 200
 _SESSION_LIST_PREVIEW_MAX_CHARS = 1_000_000
 _SESSION_DATA_ERRORS = (ValueError, TypeError, AttributeError, KeyError)
+_RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_DATA_ERRORS = (OSError, *_SESSION_DATA_ERRORS)
 _PROVIDER_STATE_RECORD_TYPE = "provider_state"
 _PROVIDER_STATE_RECORD_PREFIX_RE = re.compile(
     r'^\s*\{\s*"_type"\s*:\s*"provider_state"\s*(?:,|\})'
 )
+_RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY = "runtime_checkpoint"
+_RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_VERSION = 1
+_RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_SUFFIX = ".checkpoint.json"
 _FORK_VOLATILE_METADATA_KEYS = {
     "goal_state",
     "pending_user_turn",
+    "pending_user_followups",
     "runtime_checkpoint",
     "session_handle",
+    "webui_recovery",
     "thread_goal",
     "title",
     "title_user_edited",
@@ -1001,6 +1007,9 @@ class JsonlSessionStore:
     def get_session_path(self, key: str) -> Path:
         return self.sessions_dir / f"{self.storage_key(key)}.jsonl"
 
+    def get_runtime_checkpoint_path(self, key: str) -> Path:
+        return self.sessions_dir / f"{self.storage_key(key)}{_RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_SUFFIX}"
+
     def get_legacy_lossy_path(self, key: str) -> Path:
         return self.sessions_dir / f"{safe_filename(key.replace(':', '_'))}.jsonl"
 
@@ -1066,7 +1075,7 @@ class JsonlSessionStore:
                     else:
                         messages.append(data)
 
-            return Session(
+            session = Session(
                 key=key,
                 messages=messages,
                 created_at=created_at or datetime.now(),
@@ -1075,6 +1084,8 @@ class JsonlSessionStore:
                 last_consolidated=last_consolidated,
                 provider_state=provider_state,
             )
+            self._overlay_runtime_checkpoint_unlocked(session, path)
+            return session
         except _SESSION_DATA_ERRORS as e:
             logger.warning("Failed to load session {}: {}", key, e)
             repaired = self._repair_unlocked(key)
@@ -1159,7 +1170,7 @@ class JsonlSessionStore:
             if not messages and not metadata and provider_state is None:
                 return None
 
-            return Session(
+            session = Session(
                 key=key,
                 messages=messages,
                 created_at=created_at or datetime.now(),
@@ -1168,6 +1179,8 @@ class JsonlSessionStore:
                 last_consolidated=last_consolidated,
                 provider_state=provider_state,
             )
+            self._overlay_runtime_checkpoint_unlocked(session, path)
+            return session
         except _SESSION_DATA_ERRORS as e:
             logger.warning("Repair failed for session {}: {}", key, e)
             return None
@@ -1186,6 +1199,105 @@ class JsonlSessionStore:
         with self._session_files_lock:
             self._save_unlocked(session, fsync=fsync)
 
+    def save_runtime_checkpoint(self, session: Session) -> None:
+        """Atomically persist only the volatile in-flight turn state.
+
+        A checkpoint is written several times during a tool-heavy turn. Keeping it
+        beside the append history avoids copying the full transcript at each safe
+        recovery boundary.
+        """
+        with self._session_files_lock:
+            path = self.get_session_path(session.key)
+            if not path.exists():
+                # A user turn normally creates the session first. Internal callers
+                # may checkpoint a fresh session, so establish the durable base once.
+                self._save_unlocked(session)
+                return
+
+            checkpoint = session.metadata.get(_RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY)
+            if not isinstance(checkpoint, dict):
+                self.get_runtime_checkpoint_path(session.key).unlink(missing_ok=True)
+                return
+
+            payload: dict[str, Any] = {
+                "version": _RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_VERSION,
+                "session_key": session.key,
+                "base_updated_at": session.updated_at.isoformat(),
+                "base_message_count": len(session.messages),
+                "checkpoint": checkpoint,
+                "provider_state": (
+                    session.provider_state.to_private_record()
+                    if session.provider_state is not None
+                    else None
+                ),
+            }
+            target = self.get_runtime_checkpoint_path(session.key)
+            tmp = target.with_name(f".{target.name}.{secrets.token_hex(8)}.tmp")
+            try:
+                with open(tmp, "x", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
+                    os.chmod(tmp, 0o600)
+                    json.dump(
+                        payload,
+                        handle,
+                        ensure_ascii=False,
+                        separators=(",", ":"),
+                    )
+                os.replace(tmp, target)
+            finally:
+                tmp.unlink(missing_ok=True)
+
+    def _overlay_runtime_checkpoint_unlocked(self, session: Session, main_path: Path) -> None:
+        checkpoint_path = self.get_runtime_checkpoint_path(session.key)
+        try:
+            checkpoint_stat = checkpoint_path.lstat()
+            if not stat.S_ISREG(checkpoint_stat.st_mode):
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Ignoring non-regular runtime checkpoint for session {}",
+                    session.key,
+                )
+                return
+            # A complete session save supersedes an older sidecar. This comparison
+            # closes the small crash window between replacing the JSONL and unlinking
+            # its previous checkpoint.
+            if main_path.stat().st_mtime_ns > checkpoint_stat.st_mtime_ns:
+                checkpoint_path.unlink(missing_ok=True)
+                return
+            raw = _json_object(json.loads(checkpoint_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")))
+            if (
+                raw.get("version") != _RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_VERSION
+                or raw.get("session_key") != session.key
+                or raw.get("base_updated_at") != session.updated_at.isoformat()
+                or raw.get("base_message_count") != len(session.messages)
+                or not isinstance(raw.get("checkpoint"), dict)
+            ):
+                checkpoint_path.unlink(missing_ok=True)
+                return
+            provider_record = raw.get("provider_state")
+            provider_state = (
+                None
+                if provider_record is None
+                else ProviderConversationState.from_private_record(provider_record)
+            )
+            if provider_record is not None and provider_state is None:
+                raise ValueError("invalid checkpoint provider state")
+            session.metadata[_RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY] = cast(
+                dict[str, Any], raw["checkpoint"]
+            )
+            session.provider_state = provider_state
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            return
+        except _RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_DATA_ERRORS as exc:
+            logger.warning(
+                "Ignoring invalid runtime checkpoint for session {}: {}",
+                session.key,
+                exc,
+            )
+            # Atomic writes mean a malformed target cannot become valid later.
+            # Remove it once so future loads do not repeatedly parse and log it.
+            with suppress(OSError):
+                if checkpoint_path.is_file() and not checkpoint_path.is_symlink():
+                    checkpoint_path.unlink()
+
     def _save_unlocked(self, session: Session, *, fsync: bool = False) -> None:
         path = self.get_session_path(session.key)
         tmp_path = path.with_name(f".{path.name}.{secrets.token_hex(8)}.tmp")
@@ -1215,6 +1327,10 @@ class JsonlSessionStore:
 
             os.replace(tmp_path, path)
 
+            # The full record now contains the authoritative checkpoint state (or
+            # its removal), so an older volatile overlay is no longer needed.
+            self.get_runtime_checkpoint_path(session.key).unlink(missing_ok=True)
+
             if fsync:
                 with suppress(PermissionError):
                     fd = os.open(str(path.parent), os.O_RDONLY)
@@ -1278,6 +1394,7 @@ class JsonlSessionStore:
     def _delete_unlocked(self, key: str) -> bool:
         paths = [
             self.get_session_path(key),
+            self.get_runtime_checkpoint_path(key),
             self.get_legacy_lossy_path(key),
             self.get_legacy_session_path(key),
         ]
@@ -1585,6 +1702,10 @@ class SessionManager:
         """Get the collision-resistant workspace path for a session."""
         return self._jsonl_store.get_session_path(key)
 
+    def _get_runtime_checkpoint_path(self, key: str) -> Path:
+        """Get the private in-flight checkpoint path for a session."""
+        return self._jsonl_store.get_runtime_checkpoint_path(key)
+
     def _get_legacy_lossy_path(self, key: str) -> Path:
         """Previous workspace session path using lossy ':' to '_' replacement."""
         return self._jsonl_store.get_legacy_lossy_path(key)
@@ -1653,6 +1774,18 @@ class SessionManager:
         self._store.save(session, fsync=fsync)
         self._remember(session)
 
+    def save_runtime_checkpoint(self, session: Session) -> None:
+        """Persist volatile recovery state without rewriting long history."""
+        if not session.policy.persist:
+            return
+        if self._store is self._jsonl_store:
+            self._jsonl_store.save_runtime_checkpoint(session)
+            self._remember(session)
+            return
+        # Third-party stores keep their existing all-or-nothing semantics until
+        # they opt into a dedicated checkpoint primitive.
+        self.save(session)
+
     def rename_model_preset(self, old_name: str, new_name: str) -> int:
         """Rename a session-scoped model preset across durable and live sessions."""
         if old_name == new_name:

nanobot/session/recovery.py

@@ -0,0 +1,939 @@
+"""Durable, side-effect-safe recovery for interrupted WebUI turns.
+
+The coordinator owns restart policy.  AgentLoop only exposes checkpoint
+materialization and an admission hook, so transport code never has to guess
+whether an interrupted tool call is safe to replay.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+import dataclasses
+import json
+from collections.abc import Iterable, Mapping
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Any, Protocol, cast
+from uuid import uuid4
+
+from loguru import logger
+
+from nanobot.bus.events import InboundMessage
+from nanobot.bus.outbound_events import (
+    RecoveryStateEvent,
+    SessionUpdatedEvent,
+    outbound_message_for_event,
+)
+from nanobot.bus.queue import MessageBus
+from nanobot.session import turn_continuation
+from nanobot.session.keys import UNIFIED_SESSION_KEY, last_channel_from_metadata
+from nanobot.session.manager import Session, SessionManager
+from nanobot.webui.metadata import WEBUI_TURN_METADATA_KEY
+
+RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY = "runtime_checkpoint"
+PENDING_USER_TURN_KEY = "pending_user_turn"
+RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY = "webui_recovery"
+RECOVERY_INBOUND_METADATA_KEY = "_webui_recovery_id"
+PENDING_FOLLOWUPS_KEY = "pending_user_followups"
+PENDING_FOLLOWUP_ID_KEY = "_recovery_followup_id"
+PROVIDER_STATE_CHECKPOINT_VERSION_KEY = "provider_state_checkpoint_version"
+PROVIDER_STATE_CHECKPOINT_VERSION = "v1"
+
+_RECOVERY_STATUSES = frozenset({"resuming", "awaiting_user", "recovered", "failed"})
+_UNCERTAIN_TOOL_PHASES = frozenset({"awaiting_tools"})
+_KNOWN_CHECKPOINT_PHASES = frozenset(
+    {"final_response", "tools_completed", "awaiting_tools", "error"}
+)
+
+
+class RecoveryActionError(ValueError):
+    """A stale or malformed recovery action from an authenticated WebUI."""
+
+    def __init__(self, message: str, *, status: int = 400) -> None:
+        super().__init__(message)
+        self.status = status
+
+
+class RecoveryAdmission(Protocol):
+    """Narrow AgentLoop boundary for explicit recovery validation."""
+
+    async def admit(self, message: InboundMessage) -> bool: ...
+
+    def register_recovery_task(self, session_key: str, task: asyncio.Task[Any]) -> None: ...
+
+    def unregister_recovery_task(self, session_key: str, task: asyncio.Task[Any]) -> None: ...
+
+
+def record_pending_followup(session: Session, message: InboundMessage) -> str | None:
+    """Durably journal a WebUI follow-up before injecting it into a live turn."""
+    if message.channel != "websocket":
+        return None
+    try:
+        metadata_value: object = json.loads(json.dumps(message.metadata))
+    except (TypeError, ValueError):
+        logger.warning("Skipping non-serializable WebUI follow-up for recovery")
+        return None
+    if not isinstance(metadata_value, dict):
+        return None
+    metadata = cast(dict[str, Any], metadata_value)
+    existing_id = metadata.pop(PENDING_FOLLOWUP_ID_KEY, None)
+    followup_id = (
+        existing_id
+        if isinstance(existing_id, str) and existing_id
+        else uuid4().hex
+    )
+    records = _pending_followup_records(session)
+    if any(record.get("id") == followup_id for record in records):
+        return followup_id
+    records.append(
+        {
+            "id": followup_id,
+            "sender_id": message.sender_id,
+            "chat_id": message.chat_id,
+            "content": message.content,
+            "media": list(message.media or []),
+            "metadata": metadata,
+        }
+    )
+    # This journal is the recovery source of truth, not a mirror of the
+    # bounded in-memory injection queue.  A queued turn can receive more
+    # follow-ups than the live queue accepts; dropping older journal entries
+    # would make those acknowledged user messages unrecoverable after a
+    # gateway restart.  Entries are removed only once their user rows are
+    # committed by ``acknowledge_pending_followups``.
+    session.metadata[PENDING_FOLLOWUPS_KEY] = records
+    session.updated_at = datetime.now()
+    return followup_id
+
+
+def pending_followups(session: Session) -> list[InboundMessage]:
+    """Decode still-unacknowledged follow-ups from durable session metadata."""
+    messages: list[InboundMessage] = []
+    for record in _pending_followup_records(session):
+        followup_id = cast(object, record.get("id"))
+        sender_id = cast(object, record.get("sender_id"))
+        chat_id = cast(object, record.get("chat_id"))
+        content = cast(object, record.get("content"))
+        metadata = cast(object, record.get("metadata"))
+        if (
+            not isinstance(followup_id, str)
+            or not followup_id
+            or not isinstance(sender_id, str)
+            or not sender_id
+            or not isinstance(chat_id, str)
+            or not chat_id
+        ):
+            continue
+        if not isinstance(content, str) or not isinstance(metadata, dict):
+            continue
+        media_value = cast(object, record.get("media"))
+        media = (
+            [item for item in cast(list[object], media_value) if isinstance(item, str)]
+            if isinstance(media_value, list)
+            else []
+        )
+        messages.append(
+            InboundMessage(
+                channel="websocket",
+                sender_id=sender_id,
+                chat_id=chat_id,
+                content=content,
+                media=media,
+                metadata={**cast(dict[str, Any], metadata), PENDING_FOLLOWUP_ID_KEY: followup_id},
+                session_key_override=session.key,
+                require_existing_session=True,
+            )
+        )
+    return messages
+
+
+def acknowledge_pending_followups(session: Session, followup_ids: Iterable[str]) -> None:
+    """Remove journal entries whose user rows were committed to history."""
+    acknowledged = set(followup_ids)
+    if not acknowledged:
+        return
+    records = [record for record in _pending_followup_records(session) if record.get("id") not in acknowledged]
+    if records:
+        session.metadata[PENDING_FOLLOWUPS_KEY] = records
+    else:
+        session.metadata.pop(PENDING_FOLLOWUPS_KEY, None)
+
+
+def _pending_followup_records(session: Session) -> list[dict[str, Any]]:
+    raw = cast(object, session.metadata.get(PENDING_FOLLOWUPS_KEY))
+    if not isinstance(raw, list):
+        return []
+    values = cast(list[object], raw)
+    return [cast(dict[str, Any], value) for value in values if isinstance(value, dict)]
+
+
+def _checkpoint_message_key(message: Mapping[str, Any]) -> tuple[Any, ...]:
+    return (
+        message.get("role"),
+        message.get("content"),
+        message.get("tool_call_id"),
+        message.get("name"),
+        message.get("tool_calls"),
+        message.get("reasoning_content"),
+        message.get("thinking_blocks"),
+    )
+
+
+def _checkpoint_tool_call_ids(
+    value: object,
+    *,
+    result_rows: bool = False,
+) -> list[str] | None:
+    """Validate checkpoint tool rows and return their stable IDs."""
+    if not isinstance(value, list):
+        return None
+    ids: list[str] = []
+    for raw in cast(list[object], value):
+        if not isinstance(raw, dict):
+            return None
+        row = cast(dict[str, Any], raw)
+        id_key = "tool_call_id" if result_rows else "id"
+        call_id = cast(object, row.get(id_key))
+        if not isinstance(call_id, str) or not call_id:
+            return None
+        if result_rows:
+            if row.get("role") != "tool":
+                return None
+        else:
+            function_value = cast(object, row.get("function"))
+            if not isinstance(function_value, dict):
+                return None
+            function = cast(dict[str, Any], function_value)
+            name = cast(object, function.get("name"))
+            if not isinstance(name, str) or not name:
+                return None
+        ids.append(call_id)
+    return ids if len(ids) == len(set(ids)) else None
+
+
+def _runtime_checkpoint_is_well_formed(checkpoint: Mapping[str, Any]) -> bool:
+    """Return whether a checkpoint is safe to offer for continuation.
+
+    Restoration stays tolerant so Dismiss can always clear corrupt state.
+    Continue is stricter: silently dropping a malformed tool result could make
+    the model repeat an external side effect.
+    """
+    assistant_value = cast(object, checkpoint.get("assistant_message"))
+    if not isinstance(assistant_value, dict):
+        return False
+    assistant = cast(dict[str, Any], assistant_value)
+    if assistant.get("role") != "assistant":
+        return False
+
+    completed_ids = _checkpoint_tool_call_ids(
+        cast(object, checkpoint.get("completed_tool_results")),
+        result_rows=True,
+    )
+    pending_ids = _checkpoint_tool_call_ids(
+        cast(object, checkpoint.get("pending_tool_calls")),
+    )
+    if completed_ids is None or pending_ids is None:
+        return False
+    assistant_calls_value = cast(object, assistant.get("tool_calls"))
+    assistant_call_ids = (
+        []
+        if assistant_calls_value is None
+        else _checkpoint_tool_call_ids(assistant_calls_value)
+    )
+    if assistant_call_ids is None:
+        return False
+
+    phase = checkpoint.get("phase")
+    if phase == "final_response":
+        content = cast(object, assistant.get("content"))
+        return (
+            isinstance(content, str)
+            and bool(content.strip())
+            and not assistant_call_ids
+            and not completed_ids
+            and not pending_ids
+        )
+    if phase == "awaiting_tools":
+        return (
+            bool(assistant_call_ids)
+            and not completed_ids
+            and len(assistant_call_ids) == len(pending_ids)
+            and set(assistant_call_ids) == set(pending_ids)
+        )
+    if phase == "tools_completed":
+        return (
+            bool(assistant_call_ids)
+            and not pending_ids
+            and len(assistant_call_ids) == len(completed_ids)
+            and set(assistant_call_ids) == set(completed_ids)
+        )
+    # Error checkpoints have no current producer contract. Treat legacy or
+    # future instances as review-only until their exact persisted shape is
+    # specified; guessing here could make a partial side effect repeat.
+    return False
+
+
+def restore_runtime_checkpoint(session: Session) -> bool:
+    """Materialize the durable checkpoint exactly once and clear it.
+
+    Pending tool calls become explicit interrupted tool results.  They are
+    never executed here.  Provider-native state is retained only for the two
+    checkpoint shapes known to be synchronized with persisted history.
+    """
+    checkpoint = cast(object, session.metadata.get(RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY))
+    if not isinstance(checkpoint, dict):
+        return False
+    data = cast(dict[str, Any], checkpoint)
+    assistant = cast(object, data.get("assistant_message"))
+    completed_value = cast(object, data.get("completed_tool_results"))
+    pending_value = cast(object, data.get("pending_tool_calls"))
+    completed = cast(list[object], completed_value) if isinstance(completed_value, list) else []
+    pending = cast(list[object], pending_value) if isinstance(pending_value, list) else []
+
+    restored: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
+    if isinstance(assistant, dict):
+        assistant_row = cast(dict[str, Any], assistant)
+    else:
+        assistant_row = {}
+    if assistant_row.get("role") == "assistant":
+        row = dict(assistant_row)
+        row.setdefault("timestamp", datetime.now().isoformat())
+        restored.append(row)
+    for value in completed:
+        if not isinstance(value, dict):
+            continue
+        tool_result = cast(dict[str, Any], value)
+        if tool_result.get("role") != "tool":
+            continue
+        row = dict(tool_result)
+        row.setdefault("timestamp", datetime.now().isoformat())
+        restored.append(row)
+    for value in pending:
+        if not isinstance(value, dict):
+            continue
+        tool_call = cast(dict[str, Any], value)
+        tool_call_id = tool_call.get("id")
+        function_value = cast(object, tool_call.get("function"))
+        if not isinstance(tool_call_id, str) or not tool_call_id:
+            continue
+        function = (
+            cast(dict[str, Any], function_value)
+            if isinstance(function_value, dict)
+            else {}
+        )
+        name = function.get("name")
+        restored.append(
+            {
+                "role": "tool",
+                "tool_call_id": tool_call_id,
+                "name": name if isinstance(name, str) and name else "tool",
+                "content": "Error: Task interrupted before this tool finished.",
+                "timestamp": datetime.now().isoformat(),
+                "_recovery_interrupted": True,
+            }
+        )
+
+    overlap = 0
+    for size in range(min(len(session.messages), len(restored)), 0, -1):
+        if all(
+            _checkpoint_message_key(left) == _checkpoint_message_key(right)
+            for left, right in zip(session.messages[-size:], restored[:size])
+        ):
+            overlap = size
+            break
+    session.messages.extend(restored[overlap:])
+
+    assistant_data = cast(dict[str, Any], assistant) if isinstance(assistant, dict) else None
+    synchronized = (
+        data.get(PROVIDER_STATE_CHECKPOINT_VERSION_KEY)
+        == PROVIDER_STATE_CHECKPOINT_VERSION
+    )
+    phase = data.get("phase")
+    exact_final = (
+        phase == "final_response"
+        and assistant_data is not None
+        and assistant_data.get("role") == "assistant"
+        and not data.get("completed_tool_results")
+        and not data.get("pending_tool_calls")
+    )
+    exact_tools = (
+        phase == "tools_completed"
+        and assistant_data is not None
+        and assistant_data.get("role") == "assistant"
+        and not data.get("pending_tool_calls")
+    )
+    if not (synchronized and (exact_final or exact_tools)):
+        session.provider_state = None
+
+    session.metadata.pop(PENDING_USER_TURN_KEY, None)
+    session.metadata.pop(RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY, None)
+    session.updated_at = datetime.now()
+    return True
+
+
+def _discard_runtime_checkpoint(session: Session) -> bool:
+    """Drop checkpoint state that cannot be projected into valid history."""
+    if RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY not in session.metadata:
+        return False
+    session.metadata.pop(RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY, None)
+    session.provider_state = None
+    session.updated_at = datetime.now()
+    return True
+
+
+def restore_pending_interruption(session: Session, *, superseded: bool = False) -> bool:
+    """Close a persisted user-only turn without pretending it was answered."""
+    if not session.metadata.get(PENDING_USER_TURN_KEY):
+        return False
+    if session.messages and session.messages[-1].get("role") == "user":
+        content = (
+            "Task recovery was superseded by a newer message."
+            if superseded
+            else "Error: Task interrupted before a response was generated."
+        )
+        session.messages.append(
+            {
+                "role": "assistant",
+                "content": content,
+                "timestamp": datetime.now().isoformat(),
+                "_recovery_interrupted": True,
+            }
+        )
+        session.provider_state = None
+        session.updated_at = datetime.now()
+    session.metadata.pop(PENDING_USER_TURN_KEY, None)
+    return True
+
+
+def append_recovery_interruption(session: Session, *, superseded: bool = False) -> None:
+    """Close a restored partial turn whose last durable row is not the user message."""
+    if session.messages and session.messages[-1].get("_recovery_interrupted") is True:
+        return
+    session.messages.append(
+        {
+            "role": "assistant",
+            "content": (
+                "Task recovery was superseded by a newer message."
+                if superseded
+                else "Error: Task recovery was interrupted before completion."
+            ),
+            "timestamp": datetime.now().isoformat(),
+            "_recovery_interrupted": True,
+        }
+    )
+    session.provider_state = None
+    session.updated_at = datetime.now()
+
+
+def recovery_state_from_metadata(metadata: Mapping[str, Any] | None) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
+    """Return a sanitized recovery state suitable for the WebSocket wire."""
+    value = metadata.get(RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY) if metadata else None
+    if not isinstance(value, dict):
+        return None
+    state = cast(dict[str, Any], value)
+    status = state.get("status")
+    recovery_id = state.get("recovery_id")
+    if status not in _RECOVERY_STATUSES or not isinstance(recovery_id, str):
+        return None
+    payload: dict[str, Any] = {"status": status, "recovery_id": recovery_id}
+    reason = state.get("reason")
+    if isinstance(reason, str) and reason:
+        payload["reason"] = reason
+    attempts = state.get("attempts")
+    if isinstance(attempts, int) and attempts >= 0:
+        payload["attempts"] = attempts
+    can_continue = state.get("can_continue")
+    if isinstance(can_continue, bool):
+        payload["can_continue"] = can_continue
+    return payload
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass(slots=True)
+class RecoveryCoordinator:
+    """Classify, announce, and gate durable WebUI turn recovery."""
+
+    sessions: SessionManager
+    bus: MessageBus
+    unified_session: bool = False
+    _active_recovery_tasks: dict[str, asyncio.Task[Any]] = dataclasses.field(
+        default_factory=dict,
+        init=False,
+        repr=False,
+    )
+
+    def register_recovery_task(self, session_key: str, task: asyncio.Task[Any]) -> None:
+        """Track the task that owns an explicit recovery continuation."""
+        self._active_recovery_tasks[session_key] = task
+
+    def unregister_recovery_task(self, session_key: str, task: asyncio.Task[Any]) -> None:
+        """Drop a recovery task without removing a newer task for the same session."""
+        if self._active_recovery_tasks.get(session_key) is task:
+            self._active_recovery_tasks.pop(session_key, None)
+
+    async def _cancel_active_recovery(self, session_key: str) -> None:
+        """Stop an explicit continuation before accepting newer user input."""
+        task = self._active_recovery_tasks.get(session_key)
+        if task is None or task is asyncio.current_task() or task.done():
+            return
+        task.cancel()
+        # AgentLoop's cancellation path materializes any partial checkpoint and
+        # releases its pending queue. Wait for that ownership to be released
+        # before the newer message is routed.
+        await asyncio.gather(task, return_exceptions=True)
+
+    async def scan(self) -> None:
+        """Recover every interrupted WebUI session once at gateway startup."""
+        for key in self._recovery_candidates():
+            metadata_payload = self.sessions.read_session_metadata(key)
+            raw_metadata = metadata_payload.get("metadata") if metadata_payload else None
+            metadata = cast(dict[str, Any], raw_metadata) if isinstance(raw_metadata, dict) else {}
+            route = self._websocket_route_for(key, metadata)
+            if route is None:
+                continue
+            unfinished = self._has_unfinished_webui_transcript(key)
+            if not self._needs_recovery(metadata) and not unfinished:
+                continue
+            session = self.sessions.get_or_create(key)
+            try:
+                await self._recover_session(session, route[1])
+                await self._requeue_pending_followups(session)
+            except Exception:
+                logger.exception("failed to recover interrupted WebUI session {}", session.key)
+                state = recovery_state_from_metadata(session.metadata)
+                failed = self._set_state(
+                    session,
+                    status="failed",
+                    recovery_id=cast(str, state["recovery_id"]) if state else uuid4().hex,
+                    attempts=cast(int, state.get("attempts", 0)) if state else 0,
+                    reason="recovery_failed",
+                    can_continue=False,
+                )
+                self.sessions.save(session)
+                await self._publish(route[1], failed)
+
+    def _recovery_candidates(self) -> list[str]:
+        """Discover canonical and transcript-only WebUI sessions cheaply."""
+        candidates = dict.fromkeys(
+            key
+            for item in self.sessions.list_sessions()
+            if isinstance((key := item.get("key")), str)
+        )
+        try:
+            # Imported lazily because the sidebar index also projects recovery
+            # metadata.  The index is the owner of transcript-only discovery;
+            # duplicating its filename and migration rules here would drift.
+            from nanobot.webui.session_list_index import list_webui_sessions
+
+            for item in list_webui_sessions(self.sessions):
+                key = item.get("key")
+                if isinstance(key, str):
+                    candidates.setdefault(key, None)
+        except Exception:
+            # Canonical checkpoint recovery remains available even if the
+            # optional display-history index is corrupt or unavailable.
+            logger.exception("failed to discover transcript-only WebUI sessions")
+        return list(candidates)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _needs_recovery(metadata: Mapping[str, Any]) -> bool:
+        if metadata.get(PENDING_USER_TURN_KEY) is True:
+            return True
+        if isinstance(metadata.get(RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY), dict):
+            return True
+        followups = metadata.get(PENDING_FOLLOWUPS_KEY)
+        if isinstance(followups, list) and len(cast(list[object], followups)) > 0:
+            return True
+        state = recovery_state_from_metadata(metadata)
+        return bool(state and state["status"] in {"resuming", "awaiting_user", "failed"})
+
+    async def admit(self, message: InboundMessage) -> bool:
+        """Reject stale queued recoveries and let new user input supersede them."""
+        recovery_id = message.metadata.get(RECOVERY_INBOUND_METADATA_KEY)
+        if isinstance(recovery_id, str):
+            session = self.sessions.get_or_create(message.session_key)
+            state = recovery_state_from_metadata(session.metadata)
+            return bool(
+                state
+                and state["status"] == "resuming"
+                and state["recovery_id"] == recovery_id
+            )
+        if message.channel != "websocket":
+            return True
+        session = self.sessions.get_or_create(message.session_key)
+        state = recovery_state_from_metadata(session.metadata)
+        if state and state["status"] in {"resuming", "awaiting_user", "failed"}:
+            await self._cancel_active_recovery(message.session_key)
+            restore_runtime_checkpoint(session)
+            if not restore_pending_interruption(session, superseded=True):
+                append_recovery_interruption(session, superseded=True)
+            recovered = self._set_state(
+                session,
+                status="recovered",
+                recovery_id=cast(str, state["recovery_id"]),
+                attempts=cast(int, state.get("attempts", 0)),
+                reason="superseded",
+            )
+            self.sessions.save(session)
+            await self._publish(message.chat_id, recovered)
+        return True
+
+    async def turn_completed(self, session_key: str) -> None:
+        """Resolve a resuming state after the recovered turn commits."""
+        session = self.sessions.get_or_create(session_key)
+        state = recovery_state_from_metadata(session.metadata)
+        if not state or state["status"] != "resuming":
+            return
+        route = self._websocket_route(session)
+        if route is None:
+            return
+        recovered = self._set_state(
+            session,
+            status="recovered",
+            recovery_id=cast(str, state["recovery_id"]),
+            attempts=cast(int, state.get("attempts", 0)),
+            reason="continued",
+        )
+        self.sessions.save(session)
+        await self._publish(route[1], recovered)
+
+    async def handle_action(self, action: str, payload: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        """Apply an authenticated continue/dismiss operation."""
+        chat_id = payload.get("chat_id")
+        recovery_id = payload.get("recovery_id")
+        if not isinstance(chat_id, str) or not chat_id:
+            raise RecoveryActionError("missing chat_id")
+        if not isinstance(recovery_id, str) or not recovery_id:
+            raise RecoveryActionError("missing recovery_id")
+        session = self.sessions.get_or_create(self._session_key(chat_id))
+        state = recovery_state_from_metadata(session.metadata)
+        if not state or state["recovery_id"] != recovery_id:
+            raise RecoveryActionError("recovery state is stale", status=409)
+
+        if action == "dismiss":
+            restore_runtime_checkpoint(session)
+            restore_pending_interruption(session)
+            next_state = self._set_state(
+                session,
+                status="recovered",
+                recovery_id=recovery_id,
+                attempts=cast(int, state.get("attempts", 0)),
+                reason="dismissed",
+            )
+            self.sessions.save(session)
+            await self._publish(chat_id, next_state)
+            return next_state
+        if action != "continue":
+            raise RecoveryActionError("unknown recovery action")
+        if state["status"] not in {"awaiting_user", "failed"}:
+            raise RecoveryActionError("recovery is not waiting for confirmation", status=409)
+        if state.get("can_continue") is False:
+            raise RecoveryActionError("recovery context is unavailable", status=409)
+        next_state = self._set_state(
+            session,
+            status="resuming",
+            recovery_id=recovery_id,
+            attempts=cast(int, state.get("attempts", 0)) + 1,
+            reason="user_confirmed",
+            resume_message_count=len(session.messages),
+        )
+        self.sessions.save(session)
+        await self._publish(chat_id, next_state)
+        await self._queue_continuation(session, chat_id, next_state)
+        return next_state
+
+    async def _recover_session(self, session: Session, chat_id: str) -> None:
+        checkpoint_value = cast(object, session.metadata.get(RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY))
+        checkpoint = (
+            cast(dict[str, Any], checkpoint_value)
+            if isinstance(checkpoint_value, dict)
+            else None
+        )
+        pending = session.metadata.get(PENDING_USER_TURN_KEY) is True
+        state = recovery_state_from_metadata(session.metadata)
+        if not pending and checkpoint is None:
+            if state and state["status"] == "resuming":
+                resume_count = self._resume_message_count(session)
+                if resume_count is not None and len(session.messages) > resume_count:
+                    next_state = self._set_state(
+                        session,
+                        status="recovered",
+                        recovery_id=cast(str, state["recovery_id"]),
+                        attempts=cast(int, state.get("attempts", 0)),
+                        reason="committed",
+                    )
+                else:
+                    next_state = self._set_state(
+                        session,
+                        status="awaiting_user",
+                        recovery_id=cast(str, state["recovery_id"]),
+                        attempts=cast(int, state.get("attempts", 1)),
+                        reason="loop_guard",
+                    )
+                self.sessions.save(session)
+                await self._publish(chat_id, next_state)
+            elif self._has_unfinished_webui_transcript(session.key):
+                # A normal last-client shutdown can materialize the checkpoint
+                # before the process exits.  In that path there is no pending
+                # marker left to classify, but the append-only transcript still
+                # contains an activity row without a turn_end.  Treat it as an
+                # interrupted turn instead of letting the UI resurrect it as a
+                # forever-running spinner.
+                can_continue = self._has_saved_continuation_context(session)
+                waiting = self._set_state(
+                    session,
+                    status="awaiting_user",
+                    recovery_id=uuid4().hex,
+                    attempts=0,
+                    reason=(
+                        "interrupted_with_saved_context"
+                        if can_continue
+                        else "interrupted_without_checkpoint"
+                    ),
+                    can_continue=can_continue,
+                )
+                self.sessions.save(session)
+                await self._publish(chat_id, waiting)
+            return
+        if state and state["status"] in {"awaiting_user", "failed"}:
+            await self._publish(chat_id, state)
+            return
+        if state and state["status"] == "resuming":
+            restore_runtime_checkpoint(session)
+            restore_pending_interruption(session)
+            waiting = self._set_state(
+                session,
+                status="awaiting_user",
+                recovery_id=cast(str, state["recovery_id"]),
+                attempts=cast(int, state.get("attempts", 1)),
+                reason="loop_guard",
+            )
+            self.sessions.save(session)
+            await self._publish(chat_id, waiting)
+            return
+
+        recovery_id = uuid4().hex
+        phase = checkpoint.get("phase") if checkpoint is not None else None
+        pending_calls = checkpoint.get("pending_tool_calls") if checkpoint is not None else None
+        if checkpoint is not None and phase not in _KNOWN_CHECKPOINT_PHASES:
+            _discard_runtime_checkpoint(session)
+            restore_pending_interruption(session)
+            waiting = self._set_state(
+                session,
+                status="awaiting_user",
+                recovery_id=recovery_id,
+                attempts=0,
+                reason="checkpoint_unknown",
+                can_continue=False,
+            )
+            self.sessions.save(session)
+            await self._publish(chat_id, waiting)
+            return
+        if checkpoint is not None and not _runtime_checkpoint_is_well_formed(checkpoint):
+            _discard_runtime_checkpoint(session)
+            restore_pending_interruption(session)
+            waiting = self._set_state(
+                session,
+                status="awaiting_user",
+                recovery_id=recovery_id,
+                attempts=0,
+                reason="checkpoint_invalid",
+                can_continue=False,
+            )
+            self.sessions.save(session)
+            await self._publish(chat_id, waiting)
+            return
+        if phase == "final_response":
+            restore_runtime_checkpoint(session)
+            recovered = self._set_state(
+                session,
+                status="recovered",
+                recovery_id=recovery_id,
+                attempts=0,
+                reason="answer_restored",
+            )
+            self.sessions.save(session)
+            await self._publish(chat_id, recovered)
+            return
+        if phase in _UNCERTAIN_TOOL_PHASES or pending_calls:
+            restore_runtime_checkpoint(session)
+            waiting = self._set_state(
+                session,
+                status="awaiting_user",
+                recovery_id=recovery_id,
+                attempts=0,
+                reason="tool_state_unknown",
+            )
+            self.sessions.save(session)
+            await self._publish(chat_id, waiting)
+            return
+        # A gateway restart is a lifecycle boundary.  Never enqueue model work
+        # implicitly: even a synchronized checkpoint may sit next to an
+        # external side effect that the user should review first.  The final
+        # answer path above only restores persisted output; it never executes.
+        restore_runtime_checkpoint(session)
+        waiting = self._set_state(
+            session,
+            status="awaiting_user",
+            recovery_id=recovery_id,
+            attempts=0,
+            reason="restart_requires_confirmation",
+        )
+        self.sessions.save(session)
+        await self._publish(chat_id, waiting)
+
+    async def _queue_continuation(
+        self,
+        session: Session,
+        chat_id: str,
+        state: Mapping[str, Any],
+    ) -> None:
+        recovery_id = cast(str, state["recovery_id"])
+        await self.bus.publish_inbound(
+            InboundMessage(
+                channel="websocket",
+                sender_id="system:recovery",
+                chat_id=chat_id,
+                content=(
+                    "Continue the interrupted request from the saved conversation context. "
+                    "Do not repeat completed work or mention the restart unless it affects the answer."
+                ),
+                metadata={
+                    "webui": True,
+                    "_wants_stream": True,
+                    WEBUI_TURN_METADATA_KEY: f"recovery:{recovery_id}",
+                    RECOVERY_INBOUND_METADATA_KEY: recovery_id,
+                    turn_continuation.INTERNAL_CONTINUATION_META: True,
+                    turn_continuation.SKIP_USER_PERSIST_META: True,
+                },
+                session_key_override=session.key,
+                require_existing_session=True,
+            )
+        )
+
+    async def _requeue_pending_followups(self, session: Session) -> None:
+        """Return durable live-turn follow-ups to the bus after a restart."""
+        for message in pending_followups(session):
+            await self.bus.publish_inbound(message)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _resume_message_count(session: Session) -> int | None:
+        raw_value = cast(object, session.metadata.get(RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY))
+        value = cast(dict[str, Any], raw_value) if isinstance(raw_value, dict) else None
+        if value is None:
+            return None
+        count = value.get("resume_message_count")
+        return count if isinstance(count, int) and count >= 0 else None
+
+    async def _publish(
+        self,
+        chat_id: str,
+        state: Mapping[str, Any],
+    ) -> None:
+        """Publish the recovery state and invalidate its sidebar projection."""
+        await self.bus.publish_outbound(
+            outbound_message_for_event(
+                channel="websocket",
+                chat_id=chat_id,
+                event=RecoveryStateEvent(
+                    status=cast(str, state["status"]),
+                    recovery_id=cast(str, state["recovery_id"]),
+                    reason=cast(str | None, state.get("reason")),
+                    attempts=cast(int, state.get("attempts", 0)),
+                    can_continue=cast(bool | None, state.get("can_continue")),
+                ),
+            )
+        )
+        await self.bus.publish_outbound(
+            outbound_message_for_event(
+                channel="websocket",
+                chat_id=chat_id,
+                event=SessionUpdatedEvent(scope="thread"),
+            )
+        )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _set_state(
+        session: Session,
+        *,
+        status: str,
+        recovery_id: str,
+        attempts: int,
+        reason: str,
+        resume_message_count: int | None = None,
+        can_continue: bool = True,
+    ) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        state = {
+            "status": status,
+            "recovery_id": recovery_id,
+            "attempts": max(0, attempts),
+            "reason": reason,
+            "updated_at": datetime.now().isoformat(),
+        }
+        if not can_continue:
+            state["can_continue"] = False
+        if resume_message_count is not None:
+            state["resume_message_count"] = max(0, resume_message_count)
+        session.metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY] = state
+        session.updated_at = datetime.now()
+        return state
+
+    def _session_key(self, chat_id: str) -> str:
+        return UNIFIED_SESSION_KEY if self.unified_session else f"websocket:{chat_id}"
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _has_unfinished_webui_transcript(session_key: str) -> bool:
+        """Detect a stale WebUI activity tail after an unclean gateway stop.
+
+        The transcript is intentionally consulted only as a last-resort signal:
+        a durable pending turn or runtime checkpoint always takes precedence.
+        This keeps browser disconnects harmless while preventing a materialized
+        partial turn from being presented as active forever after a restart.
+        """
+        try:
+            from nanobot.webui.transcript import has_unfinished_transcript_tail
+
+            return has_unfinished_transcript_tail(session_key)
+        except (OSError, ValueError, TypeError):
+            # Recovery must fail closed if the optional display transcript is
+            # corrupt or unavailable; the normal checkpoint path still applies.
+            return False
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _has_saved_continuation_context(session: Session) -> bool:
+        """Whether an interrupted turn left model-visible context to continue from."""
+        last_user = next(
+            (
+                index
+                for index in range(len(session.messages) - 1, -1, -1)
+                if session.messages[index].get("role") == "user"
+            ),
+            None,
+        )
+        if last_user is None:
+            return False
+        tail = session.messages[last_user + 1 :]
+        return bool(tail) and (
+            tail[-1].get("role") == "tool"
+            or any(message.get("_recovery_interrupted") is True for message in tail)
+            or any(
+                message.get("role") == "assistant" and bool(message.get("tool_calls"))
+                for message in tail
+            )
+        )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _websocket_route(session: Session) -> tuple[str, str] | None:
+        return RecoveryCoordinator._websocket_route_for(session.key, session.metadata)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _websocket_route_for(
+        session_key: str,
+        metadata: Mapping[str, Any],
+    ) -> tuple[str, str] | None:
+        if session_key.startswith("websocket:"):
+            chat_id = session_key.split(":", 1)[1]
+            return ("websocket", chat_id) if chat_id else None
+        if session_key == UNIFIED_SESSION_KEY:
+            route = last_channel_from_metadata(metadata)
+            if route and route[0] == "websocket":
+                return route
+        return None

nanobot/session/webui_turns.py

@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ from nanobot.runtime_context import public_history_message
 from nanobot.session.goal_state import goal_state_ws_blob
 from nanobot.session.history_visibility import is_hidden_history_message
 from nanobot.session.manager import Session, SessionManager
+from nanobot.session.recovery import RecoveryCoordinator
 from nanobot.session.session_handles import session_handle_for_name
 from nanobot.session.session_messages import (
     SessionMessageEnvelope,
@@ -495,6 +496,7 @@ def build_webui_fallback_model_observer(bus: MessageBus) -> FallbackModelObserve
                         if context.runtime is not None
                         else None
                     ),
+                    fallback=True,
                 ),
                 metadata=context.metadata,
             )
@@ -510,6 +512,7 @@ class WebuiTurnCoordinator:
     bus: MessageBus
     sessions: SessionManager
     schedule_background: Callable[[Awaitable[None]], None]
+    recovery: RecoveryCoordinator | None = None
 
     def subscribe(self, runtime_events: RuntimeEventBus) -> Callable[[], None]:
         """Subscribe this coordinator to runtime events."""
@@ -653,6 +656,8 @@ class WebuiTurnCoordinator:
                 event.runtime.context_window_tokens if event.runtime is not None else None
             ),
         )
+        if self.recovery is not None:
+            await self.recovery.turn_completed(event.context.session_key)
         self._schedule_title_update_from_event(event)
 
     async def _handle_goal_state_changed(self, event: GoalStateChanged) -> None:
@@ -684,15 +689,6 @@ class WebuiTurnCoordinator:
             )
         )
 
-    async def publish_run_status(
-        self,
-        msg: InboundMessage,
-        status: str,
-        *,
-        started_at: float | None = None,
-    ) -> None:
-        await publish_turn_run_status(self.bus, msg, status, started_at=started_at)
-
     async def handle_turn_end(
         self,
         msg: InboundMessage,

nanobot/webui/gateway_services.py

@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@ def build_gateway_services(
     mcp_runtime_status: Callable[[], Mapping[str, str]] | None = None,
     mcp_reload: Callable[[], Awaitable[dict[str, Any]]] | None = None,
     skill_state_action: Callable[[set[str]], None] | None = None,
+    recovery_action: Callable[[str, dict[str, Any]], Awaitable[dict[str, Any]]] | None = None,
     logger: Any = default_logger,
 ) -> GatewayServices:
     settings = WebUISettingsServices.create(
@@ -131,6 +132,7 @@ def build_gateway_services(
         mcp_runtime_status=mcp_runtime_status,
         mcp_reload=mcp_reload,
         skill_state_action=skill_state_action,
+        recovery_action=recovery_action,
         log=logger,
     )
     return GatewayServices(

nanobot/webui/gateway_tokens.py

@@ -63,9 +63,6 @@ class GatewayTokenStore:
         self.api_tokens[token_value] = expiry
         return token_value
 
-    def take_issued_token_if_valid(self, token_value: str | None) -> bool:
-        return self.take_issued_token_audience(token_value) is not None
-
     def take_issued_token_audience(
         self,
         token_value: str | None,

nanobot/webui/session_list_index.py

@@ -31,8 +31,9 @@ from nanobot.session.manager import (
     _metadata_title,  # pyright: ignore[reportPrivateUsage]
 )
 from nanobot.session.model_selection import model_preset_from_metadata
+from nanobot.session.recovery import recovery_state_from_metadata
 
-_INDEX_VERSION = 7
+_INDEX_VERSION = 8
 _INDEX_FILENAME = ".webui_session_index.json"
 _MODEL_PRESET_FIELD = "model_preset"
 _ROW_SOURCE_FIELD = "_source"
@@ -245,6 +246,7 @@ def _public_row(sessions_dir: Path, webui_dir: Path, row: dict[str, Any]) -> dic
         "title": row.get("title", ""),
         "preview": row.get("preview", ""),
         _MODEL_PRESET_FIELD: row.get(_MODEL_PRESET_FIELD),
+        "recovery_state": row.get("recovery_state"),
         _WORKSPACE_SCOPE_PRESENT_FIELD: row.get(_WORKSPACE_SCOPE_PRESENT_FIELD, False),
         _WORKSPACE_SCOPE_VALUE_FIELD: row.get(_WORKSPACE_SCOPE_VALUE_FIELD),
         "path": str(path),
@@ -485,6 +487,7 @@ def _indexed_row_for_session(session: Session, path: Path, webui_dir: Path) -> d
         "title": _metadata_title(session.metadata),
         "preview": _preview_from_messages(session.messages),
         _MODEL_PRESET_FIELD: model_preset_from_metadata(session.metadata),
+        "recovery_state": recovery_state_from_metadata(session.metadata),
         **_indexed_workspace_scope_fields(session.metadata),
         _ROW_SOURCE_FIELD: _SESSION_SOURCE,
         "file": path.name,
@@ -601,6 +604,7 @@ def _scan_transcript_row(
         "title": "",
         "preview": preview or fallback_preview,
         _MODEL_PRESET_FIELD: None,
+        "recovery_state": None,
         **_indexed_workspace_scope_fields({}),
         _ROW_SOURCE_FIELD: _TRANSCRIPT_SOURCE,
         "file": stem,
@@ -687,6 +691,7 @@ def _scan_session_row(
                 "title": _metadata_title(metadata),
                 "preview": preview or fallback_preview,
                 _MODEL_PRESET_FIELD: model_preset_from_metadata(metadata),
+                "recovery_state": recovery_state_from_metadata(metadata),
                 **_indexed_workspace_scope_fields(metadata),
                 _ROW_SOURCE_FIELD: _SESSION_SOURCE,
                 "file": path.name,

nanobot/webui/settings_routes.py

@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@ from nanobot.webui.nanobot_features_api import (
     nanobot_features_payload,
 )
 from nanobot.webui.settings_api import (
-    WebUISettingsError,
     complete_oauth_provider,
     create_model_configuration,
     create_provider_settings,
@@ -490,17 +489,6 @@ class WebUISettingsRouter:
             lambda: request_image_generation_reload(self.bus),
         )
 
-    async def _apply_image_generation_runtime_change(
-        self,
-        payload: dict[str, Any],
-    ) -> dict[str, Any]:
-        updated, restart_cleared = (
-            await self._apply_image_generation_runtime_change_result(payload)
-        )
-        if restart_cleared:
-            self._restart_sections.discard("image")
-        return updated
-
     async def _reload_mcp_runtime(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
         if self._mcp_reload is None:
             return {
@@ -531,47 +519,9 @@ class WebUISettingsRouter:
     def _parse_mcp_settings_query(self, request: WsRequest) -> QueryParams:
         return self._query(request)
 
-    def _parse_provider_settings_query(self, request: WsRequest) -> QueryParams:
-        return self._query(request)
-
-    def _parse_api_service_settings_query(self, request: WsRequest) -> QueryParams:
-        payload = _mutation_payload(request)
-        if payload is not None:
-            api_key = payload.get("api_key")
-            if api_key is not None and not isinstance(api_key, str):
-                raise WebUISettingsError("API service API key must be a string")
-        return self._query(request)
-
     def _api_runtime(self) -> ApiRuntime:
         return ApiRuntime(paths=api_runtime_paths(self.settings.config.path))
 
-    def _api_service_payload(
-        self,
-        *,
-        last_action: str | None = None,
-    ) -> dict[str, Any]:
-        return capability_domain.api_service_payload(
-            self.settings,
-            self._api_runtime(),
-            last_action=last_action,
-        )
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def _masked_secret(value: str) -> str | None:
-        return capability_domain.masked_api_secret(value)
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def _api_runtime_message(message: str) -> str:
-        return capability_domain.api_runtime_message(message)
-
-    def _parse_channel_values(self, request: WsRequest) -> dict[str, Any]:
-        return self._system.parse_channel_values(
-            SettingsRequest(
-                query=self._query(request),
-                payload=_mutation_payload(request),
-            )
-        )
-
     def _save_channel_config_values(
         self,
         name: str,
@@ -610,17 +560,6 @@ class WebUISettingsRouter:
             allow_install=allow_install,
         )
 
-    @staticmethod
-    def _feature_runtime_fallback(
-        payload: dict[str, Any],
-        *,
-        message: str,
-    ) -> dict[str, Any]:
-        return system_domain.SystemSettingsHandler.feature_runtime_fallback(
-            payload,
-            message=message,
-        )
-
     def _allow_feature_package_install(
         self,
         connection: Any,

nanobot/webui/transcript.py

@@ -770,6 +770,36 @@ class WebUITranscriptRecorder:
             record.update(transcript_overrides)
         return self.append(chat_id, record)
 
+    def prepare_and_append_stream_event(
+        self,
+        chat_id: str,
+        event: dict[str, Any],
+        *,
+        completed_text: str | None,
+        metadata: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+        phase: str | None = None,
+        include_source: bool = False,
+    ) -> bool:
+        """Annotate every live stream event, but persist only completed segments.
+
+        Delta frames are a transport concern: retaining each token-sized chunk
+        would turn rendering cadence into disk-write cadence. The matching end
+        event carries the canonical segment text used by history replay.
+        """
+        self.prepare_event(
+            chat_id,
+            event,
+            metadata=metadata,
+            phase=phase,
+            include_source=include_source,
+        )
+        if event.get("event") in {"delta", "reasoning_delta"}:
+            return True
+        record = dict(event)
+        if completed_text is not None:
+            record["text"] = completed_text
+        return self.append(chat_id, record)
+
     def append_user_message(
         self,
         chat_id: str,
@@ -1840,7 +1870,14 @@ def replay_transcript_to_ui_messages(
             return None
         return str(last.get("id"))
 
-    def demote_interrupted_assistant(segment: str) -> None:
+    def close_interrupted_assistant() -> None:
+        """Close an answer segment before tool activity without changing its semantics.
+
+        The wire protocol already marks answer, reasoning, and activity phases.
+        A later tool event does not turn previously emitted answer text into
+        reasoning; preserving ``content`` also keeps live and replay projections
+        equivalent.
+        """
         nonlocal buffer_message_id, buffer_parts
         for i in range(len(messages) - 1, -1, -1):
             candidate = messages[i]
@@ -1856,19 +1893,7 @@ def replay_transcript_to_ui_messages(
                 or candidate.get("media")
             ):
                 continue
-            reasoning_parts = [
+            messages[i] = {**candidate, "isStreaming": False}
-                part
-                for part in (candidate.get("reasoning"), content)
-                if isinstance(part, str) and part.strip()
-            ]
-            messages[i] = {
-                **candidate,
-                "content": "",
-                "reasoning": "\n\n".join(reasoning_parts),
-                "reasoningStreaming": False,
-                "isStreaming": False,
-                "activitySegmentId": candidate.get("activitySegmentId") or segment,
-            }
             if buffer_message_id == candidate.get("id"):
                 buffer_message_id = None
                 buffer_parts = []
@@ -1903,13 +1928,24 @@ def replay_transcript_to_ui_messages(
             kept.append(m)
         messages = kept
 
-    def stamp_latency(latency_ms: int) -> None:
+    def stamp_completion(
+        *,
+        latency_ms: int | None = None,
+        usage: dict[str, int] | None = None,
+        context_window_tokens: int | None = None,
+    ) -> None:
         for i in range(len(messages) - 1, -1, -1):
             if messages[i].get("role") == "assistant" and messages[i].get("kind") != "trace":
+                completion: dict[str, Any] = {"isStreaming": False}
+                if latency_ms is not None:
+                    completion["latencyMs"] = latency_ms
+                if usage:
+                    completion["usage"] = usage
+                if context_window_tokens is not None:
+                    completion["contextWindowTokens"] = context_window_tokens
                 messages[i] = {
                     **messages[i],
-                    "latencyMs": latency_ms,
+                    **completion,
-                    "isStreaming": False,
                 }
                 return
 
@@ -2028,7 +2064,7 @@ def replay_transcript_to_ui_messages(
         if not segment:
             segment = _new_activity_segment(activate=False)
             active_file_edit_segment_id = segment
-        demote_interrupted_assistant(segment)
+        close_interrupted_assistant()
         strip_covered_file_edit_tool_hints_from_recent_messages(edits, turn_fields)
         target_index = find_file_edit_trace_index(segment, edits)
         if target_index is not None:
@@ -2215,20 +2251,17 @@ def replay_transcript_to_ui_messages(
             turn_fields = _turn_fields(rec, "answer")
             source_fields = _source_fields(rec)
             if isinstance(final_text, str):
+                if buffer_message_id is None:
+                    buffer_message_id = find_active_placeholder(messages, turn_fields)
                 if buffer_message_id is None:
                     buffer_message_id = _new_id("buf", idx)
-                    messages.append(
+                    messages.append({
-                        {
                         "id": buffer_message_id,
                         "role": "assistant",
-                            "content": final_text,
+                        "content": "",
                         "isStreaming": True,
-                            **turn_fields,
-                            **source_fields,
                         "createdAt": _created_at_ms(rec, idx),
-                        },
+                    })
-                    )
-                else:
                 for i, m in enumerate(messages):
                     if m.get("id") == buffer_message_id:
                         messages[i] = {
@@ -2274,6 +2307,16 @@ def replay_transcript_to_ui_messages(
         if ev == "reasoning_end":
             if suppress_until_turn_end:
                 continue
+            text = rec.get("text")
+            if isinstance(text, str) and text:
+                close_file_edit_phase_before_activity()
+                attach_reasoning_chunk(
+                    messages,
+                    text,
+                    idx,
+                    _turn_fields(rec, "reasoning"),
+                    _created_at_ms(rec, idx),
+                )
             close_reasoning(messages)
             continue
 
@@ -2315,7 +2358,7 @@ def replay_transcript_to_ui_messages(
                 if not trace_lines:
                     continue
                 segment = _ensure_activity_segment()
-                demote_interrupted_assistant(segment)
+                close_interrupted_assistant()
                 last = messages[-1] if messages else None
                 if (
                     last
@@ -2401,8 +2444,26 @@ def replay_transcript_to_ui_messages(
                     messages[i] = {**m, "isStreaming": False}
             prune_reasoning_only()
             lat = rec.get("latency_ms")
-            if isinstance(lat, (int, float)) and lat >= 0:
+            usage = rec.get("usage")
-                stamp_latency(int(lat))
+            sanitized_usage = (
+                {
+                    key: value
+                    for key, value in cast(dict[object, object], usage).items()
+                    if isinstance(key, str) and type(value) is int and value >= 0
+                }
+                if isinstance(usage, dict)
+                else None
+            )
+            context_window = rec.get("context_window_tokens")
+            stamp_completion(
+                latency_ms=int(lat) if isinstance(lat, (int, float)) and lat >= 0 else None,
+                usage=sanitized_usage,
+                context_window_tokens=(
+                    int(context_window)
+                    if isinstance(context_window, (int, float)) and context_window >= 0
+                    else None
+                ),
+            )
             buffer_message_id = None
             buffer_parts = []
             continue
@@ -2480,6 +2541,19 @@ def has_pending_tool_calls(
     return False
 
 
+def has_unfinished_transcript_tail(session_key: str) -> bool:
+    """Return whether the active transcript ends in an unfinished turn.
+
+    Recovery runs at gateway startup and only needs the newest, still-active
+    turn. Completed turns are rotated into immutable segment files, so reading
+    every historical segment here would make restart cost grow with the full
+    conversation history.
+    """
+    return has_pending_tool_calls(
+        _read_transcript_file(webui_transcript_path(session_key))
+    )
+
+
 def completed_turn_ids(lines: list[dict[str, Any]]) -> list[str]:
     """Return stable identities for turns with an explicitly persisted completion."""
     completed: list[str] = []

nanobot/webui/ws_http.py

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ from nanobot.cron.session_turns import is_bound_cron_job
 from nanobot.cron.types import CronJob, CronSchedule
 from nanobot.security.workspace_access import WorkspaceScope
 from nanobot.session.manager import SessionManager
+from nanobot.session.recovery import RecoveryActionError
 from nanobot.session.session_handles import (
     SessionHandleResolver,
 )
@@ -145,6 +146,8 @@ _WEBUI_MUTATION_PATHS = {
     "skill.delete": "/api/webui/skills/delete",
     "sidebar.update": "/api/webui/sidebar-state/update",
     "workspace.pick_folder": "/api/workspaces/pick-folder",
+    "recovery.continue": "/api/webui/recovery/continue",
+    "recovery.dismiss": "/api/webui/recovery/dismiss",
     "settings.agent.update": "/api/settings/update",
     "settings.model_configuration.create": "/api/settings/model-configurations/create",
     "settings.model_configuration.update": "/api/settings/model-configurations/update",
@@ -323,6 +326,9 @@ class GatewayHTTPHandler:
         mcp_runtime_status: Callable[[], Mapping[str, str]] | None = None,
         mcp_reload: Callable[[], Awaitable[dict[str, Any]]] | None = None,
         skill_state_action: Callable[[set[str]], None] | None = None,
+        recovery_action: (
+            Callable[[str, dict[str, Any]], Awaitable[dict[str, Any]]] | None
+        ) = None,
         log: Any = logger,
     ) -> None:
         self.config = config
@@ -340,6 +346,7 @@ class GatewayHTTPHandler:
             disabled_skills if disabled_skills is not None else set()
         )
         self.skill_state_action = skill_state_action
+        self.recovery_action = recovery_action
         self._skill_install_lock = asyncio.Lock()
         self._folder_picker_lock = asyncio.Lock()
         self.cron_service = cron_service
@@ -454,6 +461,8 @@ class GatewayHTTPHandler:
             return True
         if re.match(r"^/api/webui/automations/(enable|disable|delete|run|update)$", path):
             return True
+        if path in {"/api/webui/recovery/continue", "/api/webui/recovery/dismiss"}:
+            return True
         return path in {
             "/api/webui/skills/install",
             "/api/webui/skills/update",
@@ -507,6 +516,11 @@ class GatewayHTTPHandler:
         if response is not None:
             return response
 
+        # Recovery routes
+        response = await self._dispatch_recovery_route(request, got)
+        if response is not None:
+            return response
+
         # Session routes
         response = await self._dispatch_session_routes(request, got)
         if response is not None:
@@ -700,6 +714,27 @@ class GatewayHTTPHandler:
 
         return None
 
+    async def _dispatch_recovery_route(
+        self,
+        request: WsRequest,
+        path: str,
+    ) -> Response | None:
+        match = re.fullmatch(r"/api/webui/recovery/(continue|dismiss)", path)
+        if match is None:
+            return None
+        if not getattr(request, _WEBUI_MUTATION_REQUEST_ATTR, False):
+            return _http_error(405, "WebUI recovery actions require an authenticated WebSocket")
+        if self.recovery_action is None:
+            return _http_error(503, "WebUI recovery is unavailable")
+        payload = _mutation_payload(request)
+        if payload is None:
+            return _http_error(400, "invalid recovery payload")
+        try:
+            result = await self.recovery_action(match.group(1), payload)
+        except RecoveryActionError as exc:
+            return _http_error(exc.status, str(exc))
+        return _http_json_response(result)
+
     async def _handle_session_context_get(self, request: WsRequest, key: str) -> Response:
         if not self.check_api_token(request):
             return _http_error(401, "Unauthorized")
@@ -746,6 +781,10 @@ class GatewayHTTPHandler:
                 for k, v in s.items()
                 if k != "path" and k not in WEBUI_SESSION_INDEX_INTERNAL_FIELDS
             }
+            # Keep the additive recovery field absent for ordinary sessions so
+            # older clients and compact list responses stay unchanged.
+            if row.get("recovery_state") is None:
+                row.pop("recovery_state", None)
             chat_id = key.split(":", 1)[1]
             started_at = websocket_turn_wall_started_at(chat_id)
             if started_at is not None:

pyproject.toml

@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ dependencies = [
     "pydantic-settings>=2.12.0,<3.0.0",
     # Feishu's lark-oapi currently requires websockets<16; core supports 15 and 16.
     "websockets>=15.0,<17.0",
-    "websocket-client>=1.9.0,<2.0.0",
     "httpx[socks]>=0.28.0,<1.0.0",
     "ddgs>=9.5.5,<10.0.0",
     "oauth-cli-kit>=0.1.6,<1.0.0",
@@ -40,6 +39,7 @@ dependencies = [
     "qrcode[pil]>=8.0",
     "croniter>=6.0.0,<7.0.0",
     "prompt-toolkit>=3.0.50,<4.0.0",
+    "setproctitle>=1.3.7,<2.0.0; sys_platform != 'win32'",
     "questionary>=2.0.0,<3.0.0",
     "mcp>=1.26.0,<2.0.0",
     "json-repair>=0.57.0,<1.0.0",

scripts/update_readme_contributors.py

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Refresh the native contributor avatar wall in README.md."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import argparse
+import json
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import TypedDict, cast
+from urllib.request import Request, urlopen
+
+REPOSITORY = "HKUDS/nanobot"
+README = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1] / "README.md"
+START = "<!-- contributors:start -->"
+END = "<!-- contributors:end -->"
+PER_PAGE = 100
+MAINTAINERS = {"re-bin", "chengyongru"}
+
+
+class Contributor(TypedDict):
+    login: str
+    type: str
+    html_url: str
+    avatar_url: str
+
+
+def fetch_contributors() -> list[Contributor]:
+    headers = {
+        "Accept": "application/vnd.github+json",
+        "User-Agent": "nanobot-readme",
+        "X-GitHub-Api-Version": "2022-11-28",
+    }
+    if token := os.environ.get("GITHUB_TOKEN"):
+        headers["Authorization"] = f"Bearer {token}"
+
+    contributors: list[Contributor] = []
+    page = 1
+    while True:
+        url = f"https://api.github.com/repos/{REPOSITORY}/contributors?per_page={PER_PAGE}&page={page}"
+        with urlopen(Request(url, headers=headers), timeout=30) as response:  # noqa: S310
+            batch = cast(list[Contributor], json.load(response))
+        contributors.extend(batch)
+        if len(batch) < PER_PAGE:
+            break
+        page += 1
+
+    return [
+        contributor
+        for contributor in contributors
+        if contributor.get("login")
+        and contributor.get("type") != "Bot"
+        and not contributor["login"].lower().endswith("[bot]")
+        and contributor["login"].lower() not in MAINTAINERS
+    ]
+
+
+def render_wall(contributors: list[Contributor]) -> str:
+    avatars = [
+        (
+            f'<a href="{contributor["html_url"]}">'
+            f'<img src="{contributor["avatar_url"]}&s=48" '
+            f'width="48" height="48" alt="{contributor["login"]}"></a>'
+        )
+        for contributor in contributors
+    ]
+    wall = "\n".join(avatars)
+    return f"{START}\n<p>\n{wall}\n</p>\n{END}"
+
+
+def update_readme(*, check: bool) -> bool:
+    current = README.read_text()
+    before, separator, tail = current.partition(START)
+    if not separator or END not in tail:
+        raise SystemExit("README contributor markers are missing")
+
+    _, _, after = tail.partition(END)
+    updated = f"{before}{render_wall(fetch_contributors())}{after}"
+    if updated == current:
+        return False
+    if check:
+        raise SystemExit("README contributor wall is out of date")
+    README.write_text(updated)
+    return True
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=__doc__)
+    parser.add_argument("--check", action="store_true", help="fail when README.md is out of date")
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+    print("Updated README.md" if update_readme(check=args.check) else "README.md is current")

tests/agent/test_loop_save_turn.py

@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ from nanobot.session.keys import (
     UNIFIED_SESSION_KEY,
 )
 from nanobot.session.manager import Session
+from nanobot.session.recovery import PENDING_FOLLOWUP_ID_KEY, PENDING_FOLLOWUPS_KEY
 from nanobot.session.turn_continuation import (
     INTERNAL_CONTINUATION_META,
     INTERNAL_CONTINUATION_RUN_STARTED_AT_META,
@@ -161,6 +162,35 @@ def test_persist_cron_turn_uses_distinct_history_marker(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
     assert message["cron_prompt_ref"] == prompt_ref
 
 
+def test_persist_user_message_acknowledges_durable_followup(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    loop = _make_full_loop(tmp_path)
+    session = loop.sessions.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    session.metadata[PENDING_FOLLOWUPS_KEY] = [
+        {
+            "id": "followup-1",
+            "sender_id": "user",
+            "chat_id": "chat",
+            "content": "queued while busy",
+            "media": [],
+            "metadata": {},
+        }
+    ]
+
+    persisted = loop._persist_user_message_early(
+        InboundMessage(
+            channel="websocket",
+            sender_id="user",
+            chat_id="chat",
+            content="queued while busy",
+            metadata={PENDING_FOLLOWUP_ID_KEY: "followup-1"},
+        ),
+        session,
+    )
+
+    assert persisted is True
+    assert PENDING_FOLLOWUPS_KEY not in session.metadata
+
+
 def test_persist_local_trigger_turn_uses_hidden_automation_marker(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
     loop = _make_full_loop(tmp_path)
     session = loop.sessions.get_or_create("websocket:auto")
@@ -381,6 +411,34 @@ def test_save_turn_keeps_multimodal_runtime_context_for_model_replay() -> None:
     assert public_history_message(session.messages[0])["content"] == []
 
 
+def test_save_turn_acknowledges_every_merged_recovery_followup() -> None:
+    """Persisting a merged injected row retires every durable follow-up ID."""
+    loop = _mk_loop()
+    session = Session(
+        key="test:recovery-followups",
+        metadata={
+            PENDING_FOLLOWUPS_KEY: [
+                {"id": "first"},
+                {"id": "second"},
+            ]
+        },
+    )
+
+    loop._save_turn(
+        session,
+        [
+            {
+                "role": "user",
+                "content": "first\n\nsecond",
+                PENDING_FOLLOWUP_ID_KEY: ["first", "second"],
+            }
+        ],
+        skip=0,
+    )
+
+    assert PENDING_FOLLOWUPS_KEY not in session.metadata
+
+
 def test_save_turn_keeps_image_placeholder_and_runtime_context() -> None:
     loop = _mk_loop()
     session = Session(key="test:image")

tests/agent/test_runner_core.py

@@ -1070,6 +1070,8 @@ async def test_runner_accumulates_usage_and_preserves_cached_tokens():
     assert result.usage["prompt_tokens"] == 300  # 100 + 200
     assert result.usage["completion_tokens"] == 30  # 10 + 20
     assert result.usage["cached_tokens"] == 230  # 80 + 150
+    assert result.usage["context_tokens"] == 200
+    assert result.usage["request_count"] == 2
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio

tests/agent/test_runner_fallback.py

@@ -584,9 +584,10 @@ class TestFallbackOnPrimaryError:
         assert restored.payload == state.payload
 
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
-    async def test_reports_the_fallback_model_before_its_request(self) -> None:
+    async def test_reports_only_the_successful_fallback_model(self) -> None:
         primary = _FakeProvider("primary", _error_response())
-        fallback = _FakeProvider("fallback", _make_response("fallback ok"))
+        failed_fallback = _FakeProvider("failed", _error_response("backup overloaded"))
+        successful_fallback = _FakeProvider("fallback", _make_response("fallback ok"))
         fallback_models: list[str] = []
 
         async def _observe(model: str) -> None:
@@ -594,8 +595,11 @@ class TestFallbackOnPrimaryError:
 
         fb = FallbackProvider(
             primary=primary,
-            fallback_presets=[_fallback("fallback-a", provider="backup")],
+            fallback_presets=[
-            provider_factory=MagicMock(return_value=fallback),
+                _fallback("fallback-a", provider="backup"),
+                _fallback("fallback-b", provider="backup"),
+            ],
+            provider_factory=MagicMock(side_effect=[failed_fallback, successful_fallback]),
             fallback_model_observer=_observe,
         )
 
@@ -605,7 +609,7 @@ class TestFallbackOnPrimaryError:
         )
 
         assert result.content == "fallback ok"
-        assert fallback_models == ["fallback-a"]
+        assert fallback_models == ["fallback-b"]
 
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
     async def test_logs_primary_error_before_fallback(self) -> None:

tests/agent/test_runner_hooks.py

@@ -384,6 +384,8 @@ async def test_runner_calls_run_level_hooks_on_success():
                     "completion_tokens": 2,
                     "total_tokens": 5,
                     "provider_tokens": 5,
+                    "request_count": 1,
+                    "context_tokens": 3,
                 },
             ["user", "assistant"],
         ),

tests/agent/test_runner_injections.py

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ def _make_injection_callback(queue: asyncio.Queue):
     return inject_cb
 
 
-def _make_loop(tmp_path):
+def _make_loop(tmp_path, *, recovery_admission=None):
     from nanobot.agent.loop import AgentLoop
     from nanobot.bus.queue import MessageBus
 
@@ -39,7 +39,12 @@ def _make_loop(tmp_path):
          patch("nanobot.agent.loop.SubagentManager") as mock_sub_mgr:
         mock_sub_mgr.return_value.cancel_by_session = AsyncMock(return_value=0)
         mock_sub_mgr.return_value.close = AsyncMock()
-        loop = AgentLoop(bus=bus, provider=provider, workspace=tmp_path)
+        loop = AgentLoop(
+            bus=bus,
+            provider=provider,
+            workspace=tmp_path,
+            recovery_admission=recovery_admission,
+        )
     return loop
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
@@ -759,6 +764,20 @@ async def test_runner_merges_multiple_injected_user_messages_without_losing_medi
     )
 
 
+def test_runner_merge_keeps_all_recovery_followup_ids() -> None:
+    """Merged follow-ups stay acknowledged together after a later save."""
+    from nanobot.agent.runner import AgentRunner
+    from nanobot.session.recovery import PENDING_FOLLOWUP_ID_KEY
+
+    messages = [{"role": "user", "content": "first", PENDING_FOLLOWUP_ID_KEY: "one"}]
+    AgentRunner._append_injected_messages(
+        messages,
+        [{"role": "user", "content": "second", PENDING_FOLLOWUP_ID_KEY: "two"}],
+    )
+
+    assert messages[-1][PENDING_FOLLOWUP_ID_KEY] == ["one", "two"]
+
+
 def test_runner_merge_preserves_runtime_markers_with_media() -> None:
     from nanobot.agent.runner import AgentRunner
     from nanobot.runtime_context import (
@@ -967,6 +986,71 @@ async def test_followup_routed_to_pending_queue(tmp_path):
     assert queued_msg.session_key == UNIFIED_SESSION_KEY
 
 
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_websocket_followup_is_admitted_before_recovery_queue(tmp_path):
+    """Recovery admission runs before a newer WebUI message is injected."""
+    from nanobot.bus.events import InboundMessage
+
+    admission = MagicMock()
+    admission.admit = AsyncMock(return_value=True)
+    loop = _make_loop(tmp_path, recovery_admission=admission)
+    loop._dispatch = AsyncMock()  # type: ignore[method-assign]
+
+    session_key = "websocket:chat"
+    pending = asyncio.Queue(maxsize=20)
+    loop._pending_queues[session_key] = pending
+
+    run_task = asyncio.create_task(loop.run())
+    msg = InboundMessage(
+        channel="websocket",
+        sender_id="u",
+        chat_id="chat",
+        content="new request",
+    )
+    await loop.bus.publish_inbound(msg)
+
+    queued_msg = await asyncio.wait_for(pending.get(), timeout=2)
+    admission.admit.assert_awaited_once_with(msg)
+    assert queued_msg.content == msg.content
+    assert queued_msg.metadata["_recovery_followup_id"]
+
+    loop.stop()
+    await asyncio.wait_for(run_task, timeout=2)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_unified_websocket_followup_admits_effective_session(tmp_path):
+    """Recovery admission and the pending queue must use the same session key."""
+    from nanobot.bus.events import InboundMessage
+    from nanobot.session.keys import UNIFIED_SESSION_KEY
+
+    admission = MagicMock()
+    admission.admit = AsyncMock(return_value=True)
+    loop = _make_loop(tmp_path, recovery_admission=admission)
+    loop._unified_session = True
+    loop._dispatch = AsyncMock()  # type: ignore[method-assign]
+
+    pending = asyncio.Queue(maxsize=20)
+    loop._pending_queues[UNIFIED_SESSION_KEY] = pending
+
+    run_task = asyncio.create_task(loop.run())
+    msg = InboundMessage(
+        channel="websocket",
+        sender_id="u",
+        chat_id="chat",
+        content="new request",
+    )
+    await loop.bus.publish_inbound(msg)
+
+    queued_msg = await asyncio.wait_for(pending.get(), timeout=2)
+    admitted_msg = admission.admit.await_args.args[0]
+    assert admitted_msg.session_key == UNIFIED_SESSION_KEY
+    assert queued_msg.session_key == UNIFIED_SESSION_KEY
+
+    loop.stop()
+    await asyncio.wait_for(run_task, timeout=2)
+
+
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_mid_turn_subagent_result_does_not_resolve_a_new_turn_route(tmp_path):
     """Injected results stay inside the active turn instead of opening a side turn."""
@@ -1314,6 +1398,51 @@ async def test_pending_queue_full_falls_back_to_queued_task(tmp_path):
     assert pending.qsize() == 1
 
 
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_pending_queue_overflow_keeps_websocket_followup_durable(tmp_path):
+    """Fallback dispatch must not acknowledge a WebUI message before it commits."""
+    from nanobot.bus.events import InboundMessage
+    from nanobot.session.manager import Session
+    from nanobot.session.recovery import pending_followups
+
+    loop = _make_loop(tmp_path)
+    dispatched = asyncio.Event()
+    release_dispatch = asyncio.Event()
+
+    async def _dispatch(_msg):
+        dispatched.set()
+        await release_dispatch.wait()
+
+    loop._dispatch = AsyncMock(side_effect=_dispatch)  # type: ignore[method-assign]
+    session = Session(key="websocket:c")
+    loop.sessions.get_or_create.return_value = session
+    pending = asyncio.Queue(maxsize=1)
+    pending.put_nowait(
+        InboundMessage(channel="websocket", sender_id="u", chat_id="c", content="already queued")
+    )
+    loop._pending_queues["websocket:c"] = pending
+
+    run_task = asyncio.create_task(loop.run())
+    await loop.bus.publish_inbound(
+        InboundMessage(
+            channel="websocket",
+            sender_id="u",
+            chat_id="c",
+            content="durable follow-up",
+            metadata={"webui": True},
+        )
+    )
+    await asyncio.wait_for(dispatched.wait(), timeout=2)
+
+    assert [message.content for message in pending_followups(session)] == ["durable follow-up"]
+    dispatched_msg = loop._dispatch.await_args.args[0]
+    assert dispatched_msg.metadata["_recovery_followup_id"]
+
+    release_dispatch.set()
+    loop.stop()
+    await asyncio.wait_for(run_task, timeout=2)
+
+
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_dispatch_republishes_leftover_queue_messages(tmp_path):
     """Messages left in the pending queue after _dispatch are re-published to the bus.

tests/agent/test_stop_preserves_context.py

@@ -161,3 +161,25 @@ async def test_dispatch_cancellation_restores_checkpoint():
         "Checkpoint metadata should be cleared after restore"
     assert loop.sessions.save.called, \
         "Session should be persisted so the restored state survives process restart"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_dispatch_cancellation_keeps_checkpoint_for_gateway_shutdown(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    """Gateway shutdown preserves the checkpoint; an explicit stop restores it."""
+    loop = _make_loop(tmp_path)
+    loop.preserve_inflight_turns_on_shutdown()
+    loop._restore_runtime_checkpoint = MagicMock()  # type: ignore[method-assign]
+
+    async def _cancel(*_args: object, **_kwargs: object) -> None:
+        raise asyncio.CancelledError()
+
+    loop._process_message = _cancel  # type: ignore[method-assign]
+
+    from nanobot.bus.events import InboundMessage
+
+    with pytest.raises(asyncio.CancelledError):
+        await loop._dispatch(
+            InboundMessage(channel="test", sender_id="u1", chat_id="c1", content="work")
+        )
+
+    loop._restore_runtime_checkpoint.assert_not_called()

tests/channels/test_channel_plugins.py

@@ -3721,6 +3721,27 @@ async def test_notify_restart_done_waits_until_channel_starts():
     assert sent_msg.content.startswith("Restart completed")
 
 
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_websocket_restart_notice_does_not_overwrite_recovery_state():
+    """WebSocket attach/recovery events already own reconnect state."""
+    fake_config = SimpleNamespace(
+        channels=ChannelsConfig(),
+        providers=SimpleNamespace(groq=SimpleNamespace(api_key="")),
+    )
+    mgr = ChannelManager.__new__(ChannelManager)
+    mgr.config = fake_config
+    mgr.bus = MessageBus()
+    channel = _StartableChannel(fake_config, mgr.bus)
+    channel._running = True
+    mgr.channels = {"websocket": channel}
+    mgr._send_with_retry = AsyncMock()
+
+    notice = RestartNotice(channel="websocket", chat_id="chat", started_at_raw="100.0")
+    await mgr._send_restart_notice_when_started(notice)
+
+    mgr._send_with_retry.assert_not_awaited()
+
+
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_restart_notice_retries_until_running_channel_accepts_delivery():
     """A running flag must not make an early transport failure final."""

tests/cli/test_commands.py

@@ -102,6 +102,19 @@ class _GatewayAgentContractStub:
     ) -> OutboundMessage | None:
         return None
 
+    def preserve_inflight_turns_on_shutdown(self) -> None:
+        return None
+
+
+class _EmptyGatewaySessionManager:
+    """Minimal session-manager contract for gateway assembly tests."""
+
+    def list_sessions(self) -> list[dict[str, object]]:
+        return []
+
+    def flush_all(self) -> int:
+        return 0
+
 
 def test_gateway_signal_handler_first_signal_stops_and_second_forces() -> None:
     class _FakeLoop:
@@ -2756,7 +2769,7 @@ def _patch_serve_runtime(monkeypatch, config: Config, seen: dict[str, object]) -
         monkeypatch,
         config,
         message_bus=lambda: object(),
-        session_manager=lambda _workspace: object(),
+        session_manager=lambda _workspace: _EmptyGatewaySessionManager(),
     )
     monkeypatch.setattr("nanobot.cli.commands.AgentLoop", _FakeAgentLoop)
     monkeypatch.setattr("nanobot.api.server.create_app", _fake_create_app)
@@ -2823,7 +2836,7 @@ def test_gateway_uses_workspace_directory_for_cron_store(monkeypatch, tmp_path:
         monkeypatch,
         config,
         message_bus=lambda: object(),
-        session_manager=lambda _workspace: object(),
+        session_manager=lambda _workspace: _EmptyGatewaySessionManager(),
         cron_service=_StopCron,
     )
 
@@ -3329,7 +3342,7 @@ def test_gateway_workspace_override_does_not_migrate_legacy_cron(
         monkeypatch,
         config,
         message_bus=lambda: object(),
-        session_manager=lambda _workspace: object(),
+        session_manager=lambda _workspace: _EmptyGatewaySessionManager(),
         cron_service=_StopCron,
         get_cron_dir=lambda: legacy_dir,
     )
@@ -3368,7 +3381,7 @@ def test_gateway_custom_config_workspace_does_not_migrate_legacy_cron(
         monkeypatch,
         config,
         message_bus=lambda: object(),
-        session_manager=lambda _workspace: object(),
+        session_manager=lambda _workspace: _EmptyGatewaySessionManager(),
         cron_service=_StopCron,
         get_cron_dir=lambda: legacy_dir,
     )
@@ -3569,7 +3582,7 @@ def test_gateway_health_endpoint_binds_and_serves_expected_responses(
         monkeypatch,
         config,
         message_bus=lambda: object(),
-        session_manager=lambda _workspace: object(),
+        session_manager=lambda _workspace: _EmptyGatewaySessionManager(),
     )
     monkeypatch.setattr("nanobot.cli.gateway_runtime.AgentLoop", _FakeAgentLoop)
     monkeypatch.setattr("nanobot.channels.manager.ChannelManager", _FakeChannelManager)
@@ -3702,6 +3715,9 @@ def test_gateway_agent_task_owns_initial_mcp_provider_close(
         async def aclose(self) -> None:
             seen["agent_closed"] = True
 
+        def preserve_inflight_turns_on_shutdown(self) -> None:
+            seen["inflight_turns_preserved"] = True
+
         def stop(self) -> None:
             seen["agent_stopped"] = True
 
@@ -3771,7 +3787,7 @@ def test_gateway_agent_task_owns_initial_mcp_provider_close(
         monkeypatch,
         config,
         message_bus=lambda: object(),
-        session_manager=lambda _workspace: object(),
+        session_manager=lambda _workspace: _EmptyGatewaySessionManager(),
     )
     monkeypatch.setattr("nanobot.cli.gateway_runtime.AgentLoop", _FakeAgentLoop)
     monkeypatch.setattr("nanobot.cli.gateway_runtime.MCPProvider", _FakeMCPProvider)
@@ -3783,6 +3799,7 @@ def test_gateway_agent_task_owns_initial_mcp_provider_close(
 
     assert result.exit_code == 0
     assert seen["agent_stopped"] is True
+    assert seen["inflight_turns_preserved"] is True
     assert seen["agent_closed"] is True
     assert seen["agent_task_cleaned_up"] is True
     assert seen["channels_stopped"] is True
@@ -3894,7 +3911,7 @@ def test_gateway_shutdown_event_exits_forever_runtime_tasks(
         monkeypatch,
         config,
         message_bus=lambda: object(),
-        session_manager=lambda _workspace: object(),
+        session_manager=lambda _workspace: _EmptyGatewaySessionManager(),
     )
     monkeypatch.setattr("nanobot.cli.gateway_runtime.AgentLoop", _FakeAgentLoop)
     monkeypatch.setattr("nanobot.channels.manager.ChannelManager", _FakeChannelManager)

tests/cli/test_process_identity.py

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import pytest
+from typer.testing import CliRunner
+
+from nanobot.cli.commands import app
+from nanobot.cli.process_identity import named_executable, set_cli_process_identity
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("args", "expected"),
+    [
+        (["agent"], "nanobot-agent"),
+        (["gateway", "--background"], "nanobot-gateway"),
+        (["webui"], "nanobot-webui"),
+        (["status"], "nanobot"),
+        ([], "nanobot"),
+    ],
+)
+def test_cli_process_identity_uses_product_and_role(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+    args: list[str],
+    expected: str,
+) -> None:
+    titles: list[str] = []
+    monkeypatch.setattr("nanobot.cli.process_identity.os.name", "posix")
+    monkeypatch.setattr("nanobot.cli.process_identity._set_process_title", titles.append)
+
+    set_cli_process_identity(args)
+
+    assert titles == [expected]
+
+
+def test_cli_process_identity_keeps_windows_launcher_name(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+) -> None:
+    titles: list[str] = []
+    monkeypatch.setattr("nanobot.cli.process_identity.os.name", "nt")
+    monkeypatch.setattr("nanobot.cli.process_identity._set_process_title", titles.append)
+
+    set_cli_process_identity(["agent"])
+
+    assert titles == []
+
+
+def test_legacy_console_entrypoint_still_sets_subcommand_identity(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+) -> None:
+    commands: list[list[str]] = []
+    monkeypatch.setattr("nanobot.cli.commands.set_cli_process_identity", commands.append)
+
+    result = CliRunner().invoke(app, ["webui", "--help"])
+
+    assert result.exit_code == 0
+    assert commands == [["webui"]]
+
+
+def test_named_executable_creates_stable_role_symlink(
+    tmp_path: Path,
+) -> None:
+    if os.name == "nt":
+        pytest.skip("POSIX symlink naming is not used on Windows")
+    executable = tmp_path / "bun"
+    executable.write_text("runtime", encoding="utf-8")
+
+    first = Path(
+        named_executable(executable.as_posix(), name="nanobot-tui", directory=tmp_path / "run")
+    )
+    second = Path(
+        named_executable(executable.as_posix(), name="nanobot-tui", directory=tmp_path / "run")
+    )
+
+    assert first == second
+    assert first.name == "nanobot-tui"
+    assert first.is_symlink()
+    assert first.resolve() == executable
+
+
+def test_named_executable_uses_original_on_windows(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+    tmp_path: Path,
+) -> None:
+    monkeypatch.setattr("nanobot.cli.process_identity.os.name", "nt")
+
+    assert (
+        named_executable("bun.exe", name="nanobot-tui", directory=tmp_path / "run")
+        == "bun.exe"
+    )

tests/cli/test_tui_launcher.py

@@ -467,9 +467,13 @@ def test_source_checkout_refreshes_locked_tui_dependencies(
         return subprocess.CompletedProcess(command, 0, "", "")
 
     monkeypatch.setattr("nanobot.cli.tui_launcher.subprocess.run", install)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        "nanobot.cli.tui_launcher.named_executable",
+        lambda executable, **_kwargs: f"{executable}-named",
+    )
 
     assert _resolve_source_tui_command(source_dir, bun) == [
-        bun,
+        f"{bun}-named",
         str(source_dir / "src" / "index.ts"),
     ]
 

tests/gateway/test_runtime.py

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ from nanobot.gateway import (
     GatewayRuntimePaths,
     GatewayStartOptions,
     GatewayStatus,
+    RuntimeResult,
 )
 from nanobot.gateway.runtime import monitor_gateway_clients
 from nanobot.process_runtime import process_is_running
@@ -454,6 +455,33 @@ def test_restart_does_not_detach_a_foreground_gateway(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
     assert result.message == "gateway_foreground_restart_required"
 
 
+def test_restart_stops_then_starts_the_background_gateway(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
+    runtime = GatewayRuntime(paths=_paths(tmp_path), platform_name="Linux")
+    status = GatewayStatus(
+        running=True,
+        pid=12345,
+        state_path=runtime.paths.state_path,
+        log_path=runtime.paths.log_path,
+        launch_mode="background",
+    )
+    monkeypatch.setattr(runtime, "status", lambda **_kwargs: status)
+
+    def stop(*, timeout_s: int):
+        assert timeout_s == 20
+        return SimpleNamespace(ok=True, message="gateway_stopped", status=status)
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(runtime, "_stop", stop)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        runtime,
+        "_start_background",
+        lambda _options: RuntimeResult(True, "gateway_started_background", status),
+    )
+
+    result = runtime.restart(GatewayStartOptions(port=18790))
+
+    assert result.ok is True
+
+
 def test_last_interactive_client_stops_an_on_demand_gateway(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
     runtime = GatewayRuntime(paths=_paths(tmp_path), platform_name="Linux")
     monkeypatch.setattr(runtime, "_process_identity", lambda pid: pid)

tests/providers/test_openai_responses.py

@@ -1056,8 +1056,24 @@ class TestConsumeSse:
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
     async def test_reasoning_summary_delta_extracted(self):
         response = _SseResponse([
-            {"type": "response.reasoning_summary_text.delta", "delta": "thinking "},
+            {
-            {"type": "response.reasoning_summary_text.delta", "delta": "briefly"},
+                "type": "response.reasoning_summary_text.delta",
+                "item_id": "rs_1",
+                "summary_index": 0,
+                "delta": "thinking ",
+            },
+            {
+                "type": "response.reasoning_summary_text.delta",
+                "item_id": "rs_1",
+                "summary_index": 0,
+                "delta": "briefly",
+            },
+            {
+                "type": "response.reasoning_summary_text.delta",
+                "item_id": "rs_1",
+                "summary_index": 1,
+                "delta": "Checking result",
+            },
             {"type": "response.output_text.delta", "delta": "answer"},
             {"type": "response.completed", "response": {"status": "completed"}},
         ])
@@ -1075,8 +1091,8 @@ class TestConsumeSse:
         assert tool_calls == []
         assert finish_reason == "stop"
         assert usage == {}
-        assert reasoning == "thinking briefly"
+        assert reasoning == "thinking briefly\nChecking result"
-        assert deltas == ["thinking ", "briefly"]
+        assert deltas == ["thinking ", "briefly", "\nChecking result"]
 
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
     async def test_reasoning_summary_from_completed_response(self):
@@ -1097,7 +1113,7 @@ class TestConsumeSse:
 
         _, _, _, _, reasoning = await consume_sse_with_reasoning(response)
 
-        assert reasoning == "cached summary"
+        assert reasoning == "cached\nsummary"
 
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
     async def test_capture_commits_exact_items_only_after_completed_event(self):

tests/session/test_recovery.py

@@ -0,0 +1,773 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import pytest
+
+from nanobot.bus.events import InboundMessage
+from nanobot.bus.outbound_events import RecoveryStateEvent, SessionUpdatedEvent
+from nanobot.bus.queue import MessageBus
+from nanobot.session.manager import Session, SessionManager
+from nanobot.session.recovery import (
+    PENDING_FOLLOWUPS_KEY,
+    PENDING_USER_TURN_KEY,
+    RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY,
+    RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY,
+    RecoveryActionError,
+    RecoveryCoordinator,
+    acknowledge_pending_followups,
+    pending_followups,
+    record_pending_followup,
+)
+from nanobot.webui import session_list_index, transcript
+
+
+def _persist(manager: SessionManager, session: Session) -> None:
+    session.metadata["webui"] = True
+    manager.save(session)
+
+
+def _coordinator(workspace: Path) -> tuple[RecoveryCoordinator, MessageBus, SessionManager]:
+    bus = MessageBus()
+    sessions = SessionManager(workspace)
+    return RecoveryCoordinator(sessions, bus), bus, sessions
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_restart_before_model_call_waits_for_confirmation(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    sessions = SessionManager(tmp_path)
+    session = sessions.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    session.messages.append({"role": "user", "content": "finish this"})
+    session.metadata[PENDING_USER_TURN_KEY] = True
+    _persist(sessions, session)
+
+    coordinator, bus, restarted = _coordinator(tmp_path)
+    await coordinator.scan()
+
+    assert bus.inbound.empty()
+    restored = restarted.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    assert restored.metadata[PENDING_USER_TURN_KEY] is True
+    assert restored.metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY]["status"] == "awaiting_user"
+    assert restored.metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY]["reason"] == "restart_requires_confirmation"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_stale_incomplete_transcript_waits_for_confirmation(tmp_path: Path, monkeypatch) -> None:
+    """A materialized shutdown must not reappear as an endless Working state."""
+    sessions = SessionManager(tmp_path)
+    session = sessions.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    _persist(sessions, session)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        "nanobot.webui.transcript.has_unfinished_transcript_tail",
+        lambda _key: True,
+    )
+
+    coordinator, bus, restarted = _coordinator(tmp_path)
+    await coordinator.scan()
+
+    assert bus.inbound.empty()
+    state = restarted.get_or_create("websocket:chat").metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY]
+    assert state["status"] == "awaiting_user"
+    assert state["reason"] == "interrupted_without_checkpoint"
+    event = bus.outbound.get_nowait().event
+    assert isinstance(event, RecoveryStateEvent)
+    assert event.status == "awaiting_user"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_materialized_interruption_can_continue_from_saved_context(
+    tmp_path: Path,
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+) -> None:
+    """Older shutdowns may have cleared the checkpoint after saving partial history."""
+    sessions = SessionManager(tmp_path)
+    session = sessions.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    session.messages.extend(
+        [
+            {"role": "user", "content": "research this"},
+            {"role": "assistant", "content": "I will check."},
+            {"role": "tool", "tool_call_id": "search-1", "content": "saved result"},
+        ]
+    )
+    _persist(sessions, session)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        "nanobot.webui.transcript.has_unfinished_transcript_tail",
+        lambda _key: True,
+    )
+
+    coordinator, bus, restarted = _coordinator(tmp_path)
+    await coordinator.scan()
+
+    state = restarted.get_or_create("websocket:chat").metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY]
+    assert state["status"] == "awaiting_user"
+    assert state["reason"] == "interrupted_with_saved_context"
+    assert "can_continue" not in state
+    event = bus.outbound.get_nowait().event
+    assert isinstance(event, RecoveryStateEvent)
+    assert event.can_continue is None
+
+    await coordinator.handle_action(
+        "continue",
+        {"chat_id": "chat", "recovery_id": state["recovery_id"]},
+    )
+
+    continuation = bus.inbound.get_nowait()
+    assert continuation.session_key_override == "websocket:chat"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_transcript_only_interruption_is_discovered_without_materializing_completed_history(
+    tmp_path: Path,
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+) -> None:
+    webui_dir = tmp_path / "webui"
+    webui_dir.mkdir()
+    monkeypatch.setattr(session_list_index, "get_webui_dir", lambda: webui_dir)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(transcript, "get_webui_dir", lambda: webui_dir)
+    unfinished_key = "websocket:unfinished"
+    completed_key = "websocket:completed"
+    (webui_dir / f"{SessionManager.safe_key(unfinished_key)}.jsonl").write_text(
+        '{"event":"user","chat_id":"unfinished","text":"keep going"}\n'
+        '{"event":"message","chat_id":"unfinished","kind":"progress","text":"Working"}\n',
+        encoding="utf-8",
+    )
+    (webui_dir / f"{SessionManager.safe_key(completed_key)}.jsonl").write_text(
+        '{"event":"user","chat_id":"completed","text":"done"}\n'
+        '{"event":"message","chat_id":"completed","text":"finished"}\n'
+        '{"event":"turn_end","chat_id":"completed"}\n',
+        encoding="utf-8",
+    )
+    coordinator, bus, sessions = _coordinator(tmp_path / "workspace")
+
+    await coordinator.scan()
+
+    restored = sessions.get_or_create(unfinished_key)
+    assert restored.metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY]["status"] == "awaiting_user"
+    assert restored.metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY]["reason"] == "interrupted_without_checkpoint"
+    assert restored.metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY]["can_continue"] is False
+    assert sessions.read_session_metadata(completed_key) is None
+    event = bus.outbound.get_nowait().event
+    assert isinstance(event, RecoveryStateEvent)
+    assert event.status == "awaiting_user"
+    assert event.can_continue is False
+    assert bus.outbound.get_nowait().event.scope == "thread"
+    assert bus.outbound.empty()
+
+    with pytest.raises(RecoveryActionError, match="context is unavailable"):
+        await coordinator.handle_action(
+            "continue",
+            {"chat_id": "unfinished", "recovery_id": event.recovery_id},
+        )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_scan_loads_only_sessions_that_need_webui_recovery(
+    tmp_path: Path,
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+) -> None:
+    sessions = SessionManager(tmp_path)
+    for key in ("telegram:idle", "discord:pending", "websocket:idle"):
+        session = sessions.get_or_create(key)
+        if key == "discord:pending":
+            session.metadata[PENDING_USER_TURN_KEY] = True
+        _persist(sessions, session)
+    pending = sessions.get_or_create("websocket:pending")
+    pending.metadata[PENDING_USER_TURN_KEY] = True
+    _persist(sessions, pending)
+
+    coordinator, _, restarted = _coordinator(tmp_path)
+    loaded: list[str] = []
+    get_or_create = restarted.get_or_create
+
+    def tracked_get_or_create(key: str) -> Session:
+        loaded.append(key)
+        return get_or_create(key)
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(restarted, "get_or_create", tracked_get_or_create)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        "nanobot.webui.transcript.has_unfinished_transcript_tail",
+        lambda _key: False,
+    )
+
+    await coordinator.scan()
+
+    assert loaded == ["websocket:pending"]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_live_turn_followup_survives_restart_until_it_is_committed(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    """A message injected mid-turn is not lost between checkpoints."""
+    sessions = SessionManager(tmp_path)
+    session = sessions.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    _persist(sessions, session)
+    followup_id = record_pending_followup(
+        session,
+        InboundMessage(
+            channel="websocket",
+            sender_id="user",
+            chat_id="chat",
+            content="also check the logs",
+            metadata={"webui": True},
+        ),
+    )
+    assert followup_id is not None
+    sessions.save(session)
+
+    coordinator, bus, restarted = _coordinator(tmp_path)
+    await coordinator.scan()
+
+    queued = bus.inbound.get_nowait()
+    assert queued.content == "also check the logs"
+    assert queued.metadata["_recovery_followup_id"] == followup_id
+    restored = restarted.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    assert len(pending_followups(restored)) == 1
+
+    acknowledge_pending_followups(restored, [followup_id])
+    assert PENDING_FOLLOWUPS_KEY not in restored.metadata
+
+
+def test_followup_journal_keeps_every_uncommitted_message(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    """A live queue limit must never truncate durable WebUI follow-ups."""
+    sessions = SessionManager(tmp_path)
+    session = sessions.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    followup_ids = [
+        record_pending_followup(
+            session,
+            InboundMessage(
+                channel="websocket",
+                sender_id="user",
+                chat_id="chat",
+                content=f"follow-up-{index}",
+                metadata={"webui": True},
+            ),
+        )
+        for index in range(21)
+    ]
+
+    assert all(followup_ids)
+    sessions.save(session)
+    restarted = SessionManager(tmp_path)
+    restored = restarted.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    assert [message.content for message in pending_followups(restored)] == [
+        f"follow-up-{index}" for index in range(21)
+    ]
+
+
+def test_requeued_followup_preserves_its_journal_id(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    """Routing a recovered follow-up into a live turn must remain idempotent."""
+    sessions = SessionManager(tmp_path)
+    session = sessions.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    original_id = record_pending_followup(
+        session,
+        InboundMessage(
+            channel="websocket",
+            sender_id="user",
+            chat_id="chat",
+            content="also check the logs",
+            metadata={"webui": True},
+        ),
+    )
+    assert original_id is not None
+
+    recovered = pending_followups(session)[0]
+    assert record_pending_followup(session, recovered) == original_id
+    assert [record["id"] for record in session.metadata[PENDING_FOLLOWUPS_KEY]] == [
+        original_id
+    ]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_completed_tools_wait_for_confirmation_after_restart(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    sessions = SessionManager(tmp_path)
+    session = sessions.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    session.messages.append({"role": "user", "content": "inspect"})
+    session.metadata[PENDING_USER_TURN_KEY] = True
+    session.metadata[RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY] = {
+        "phase": "tools_completed",
+        "assistant_message": {
+            "role": "assistant",
+            "content": "",
+            "tool_calls": [{"id": "call-1", "function": {"name": "read_file"}}],
+        },
+        "completed_tool_results": [
+            {
+                "role": "tool",
+                "tool_call_id": "call-1",
+                "name": "read_file",
+                "content": "saved result",
+            }
+        ],
+        "pending_tool_calls": [],
+    }
+    _persist(sessions, session)
+
+    coordinator, bus, restarted = _coordinator(tmp_path)
+    await coordinator.scan()
+
+    assert bus.inbound.empty()
+    restored = restarted.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    assert restored.messages[-1]["content"] == "saved result"
+    assert RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY not in restored.metadata
+    assert restored.metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY]["status"] == "awaiting_user"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_uncertain_tool_is_never_replayed(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    sessions = SessionManager(tmp_path)
+    session = sessions.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    session.messages.append({"role": "user", "content": "send it"})
+    session.metadata[PENDING_USER_TURN_KEY] = True
+    session.metadata[RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY] = {
+        "phase": "awaiting_tools",
+        "assistant_message": {
+            "role": "assistant",
+            "content": "",
+            "tool_calls": [{"id": "call-1", "function": {"name": "send_email"}}],
+        },
+        "completed_tool_results": [],
+        "pending_tool_calls": [
+            {"id": "call-1", "function": {"name": "send_email"}}
+        ],
+    }
+    _persist(sessions, session)
+
+    coordinator, bus, restarted = _coordinator(tmp_path)
+    await coordinator.scan()
+
+    assert bus.inbound.empty()
+    restored = restarted.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    assert restored.metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY]["status"] == "awaiting_user"
+    assert restored.metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY]["reason"] == "tool_state_unknown"
+    assert restored.messages[-1]["_recovery_interrupted"] is True
+    event = bus.outbound.get_nowait().event
+    assert isinstance(event, RecoveryStateEvent)
+    assert event.status == "awaiting_user"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_unknown_checkpoint_waits_for_confirmation(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    """Malformed or newer checkpoint phases fail closed pending confirmation."""
+    sessions = SessionManager(tmp_path)
+    session = sessions.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    session.messages.append({"role": "user", "content": "deploy it"})
+    session.metadata[PENDING_USER_TURN_KEY] = True
+    session.metadata[RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY] = {"phase": "future_phase"}
+    _persist(sessions, session)
+
+    coordinator, bus, restarted = _coordinator(tmp_path)
+    await coordinator.scan()
+
+    assert bus.inbound.empty()
+    restored = restarted.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    assert restored.metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY]["status"] == "awaiting_user"
+    assert restored.metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY]["reason"] == "checkpoint_unknown"
+    assert restored.metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY]["can_continue"] is False
+    assert RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY not in restored.metadata
+    assert PENDING_USER_TURN_KEY not in restored.metadata
+    assert [message["role"] for message in restored.messages] == ["user", "assistant"]
+    assert restored.messages[-1]["_recovery_interrupted"] is True
+
+    with pytest.raises(RecoveryActionError, match="context is unavailable"):
+        await coordinator.handle_action(
+            "continue",
+            {
+                "chat_id": "chat",
+                "recovery_id": restored.metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY]["recovery_id"],
+            },
+        )
+
+    dismissed = await coordinator.handle_action(
+        "dismiss",
+        {
+            "chat_id": "chat",
+            "recovery_id": restored.metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY]["recovery_id"],
+        },
+    )
+    assert dismissed["status"] == "recovered"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_malformed_checkpoint_can_always_be_dismissed(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    """Corrupt private state must not trap the user in a failed recovery notice."""
+    sessions = SessionManager(tmp_path)
+    session = sessions.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    session.messages.append({"role": "user", "content": "deploy it"})
+    session.metadata[PENDING_USER_TURN_KEY] = True
+    session.metadata[RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY] = {
+        "phase": "future_phase",
+        "assistant_message": "invalid",
+        "completed_tool_results": 3,
+        "pending_tool_calls": [{"id": "call-1", "function": "invalid"}],
+    }
+    _persist(sessions, session)
+
+    coordinator, _, restarted = _coordinator(tmp_path)
+    await coordinator.scan()
+    restored = restarted.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    state = restored.metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY]
+
+    result = await coordinator.handle_action(
+        "dismiss",
+        {"chat_id": "chat", "recovery_id": state["recovery_id"]},
+    )
+
+    assert result["status"] == "recovered"
+    assert RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY not in restored.metadata
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_known_but_malformed_checkpoint_cannot_continue(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    """A known phase does not make corrupt tool state safe to resume."""
+    sessions = SessionManager(tmp_path)
+    session = sessions.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    session.messages.append({"role": "user", "content": "send it"})
+    session.metadata[PENDING_USER_TURN_KEY] = True
+    session.metadata[RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY] = {
+        "phase": "tools_completed",
+        "assistant_message": {"role": "assistant", "content": "working"},
+        "completed_tool_results": "missing durable results",
+        "pending_tool_calls": [],
+    }
+    _persist(sessions, session)
+
+    coordinator, _, restarted = _coordinator(tmp_path)
+    await coordinator.scan()
+    restored = restarted.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    state = restored.metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY]
+
+    assert state["status"] == "awaiting_user"
+    assert state["reason"] == "checkpoint_invalid"
+    assert state["can_continue"] is False
+    with pytest.raises(RecoveryActionError, match="context is unavailable"):
+        await coordinator.handle_action(
+            "continue",
+            {"chat_id": "chat", "recovery_id": state["recovery_id"]},
+        )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_malformed_final_response_is_not_reported_as_restored(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    sessions = SessionManager(tmp_path)
+    session = sessions.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    session.messages.append({"role": "user", "content": "answer"})
+    session.metadata[PENDING_USER_TURN_KEY] = True
+    session.metadata[RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY] = {
+        "phase": "final_response",
+        "assistant_message": "not an answer row",
+        "completed_tool_results": [],
+        "pending_tool_calls": [],
+    }
+    _persist(sessions, session)
+
+    coordinator, _, restarted = _coordinator(tmp_path)
+    await coordinator.scan()
+
+    state = restarted.get_or_create("websocket:chat").metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY]
+    assert state["status"] == "awaiting_user"
+    assert state["reason"] == "checkpoint_invalid"
+    assert state["can_continue"] is False
+    restored = restarted.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    assert RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY not in restored.metadata
+    assert PENDING_USER_TURN_KEY not in restored.metadata
+    assert [message["role"] for message in restored.messages] == ["user", "assistant"]
+    assert restored.messages[-1]["_recovery_interrupted"] is True
+    assert all("tool_calls" not in message for message in restored.messages)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_checkpoint_with_missing_tool_result_cannot_continue(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    """Never resume when persisted results do not cover every requested tool."""
+    sessions = SessionManager(tmp_path)
+    session = sessions.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    session.messages.append({"role": "user", "content": "send both"})
+    session.metadata[PENDING_USER_TURN_KEY] = True
+    session.metadata[RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY] = {
+        "phase": "tools_completed",
+        "assistant_message": {
+            "role": "assistant",
+            "content": "",
+            "tool_calls": [
+                {"id": "call-1", "function": {"name": "send_email"}},
+                {"id": "call-2", "function": {"name": "send_email"}},
+            ],
+        },
+        "completed_tool_results": [
+            {
+                "role": "tool",
+                "tool_call_id": "call-1",
+                "name": "send_email",
+                "content": "sent",
+            }
+        ],
+        "pending_tool_calls": [],
+    }
+    _persist(sessions, session)
+
+    coordinator, _, restarted = _coordinator(tmp_path)
+    await coordinator.scan()
+
+    restored = restarted.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    state = restored.metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY]
+    assert state["status"] == "awaiting_user"
+    assert state["reason"] == "checkpoint_invalid"
+    assert state["can_continue"] is False
+    assert RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY not in restored.metadata
+    assert PENDING_USER_TURN_KEY not in restored.metadata
+    assert [message["role"] for message in restored.messages] == ["user", "assistant"]
+    assert restored.messages[-1]["_recovery_interrupted"] is True
+    assert all("tool_calls" not in message for message in restored.messages)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_empty_final_response_is_not_reported_as_restored(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    sessions = SessionManager(tmp_path)
+    session = sessions.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    session.messages.append({"role": "user", "content": "answer"})
+    session.metadata[PENDING_USER_TURN_KEY] = True
+    session.metadata[RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY] = {
+        "phase": "final_response",
+        "assistant_message": {"role": "assistant", "content": ""},
+        "completed_tool_results": [],
+        "pending_tool_calls": [],
+    }
+    _persist(sessions, session)
+
+    coordinator, _, restarted = _coordinator(tmp_path)
+    await coordinator.scan()
+
+    state = restarted.get_or_create("websocket:chat").metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY]
+    assert state["status"] == "awaiting_user"
+    assert state["reason"] == "checkpoint_invalid"
+    assert state["can_continue"] is False
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_final_answer_is_restored_without_model_call(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    sessions = SessionManager(tmp_path)
+    session = sessions.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    session.messages.append({"role": "user", "content": "answer"})
+    session.metadata[PENDING_USER_TURN_KEY] = True
+    session.metadata[RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY] = {
+        "phase": "final_response",
+        "assistant_message": {"role": "assistant", "content": "already finished"},
+        "completed_tool_results": [],
+        "pending_tool_calls": [],
+    }
+    _persist(sessions, session)
+
+    coordinator, bus, restarted = _coordinator(tmp_path)
+    await coordinator.scan()
+
+    assert bus.inbound.empty()
+    restored = restarted.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    assert restored.messages[-1]["content"] == "already finished"
+    first = bus.outbound.get_nowait().event
+    second = bus.outbound.get_nowait().event
+    assert isinstance(first, RecoveryStateEvent) and first.status == "recovered"
+    assert isinstance(second, SessionUpdatedEvent)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_explicit_recovery_continue_queues_once(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    sessions = SessionManager(tmp_path)
+    session = sessions.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    session.messages.append({"role": "user", "content": "continue"})
+    session.metadata[PENDING_USER_TURN_KEY] = True
+    _persist(sessions, session)
+
+    coordinator, bus, restarted = _coordinator(tmp_path)
+    await coordinator.scan()
+    assert bus.inbound.empty()
+
+    state = restarted.get_or_create("websocket:chat").metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY]
+    result = await coordinator.handle_action(
+        "continue",
+        {"chat_id": "chat", "recovery_id": state["recovery_id"]},
+    )
+    assert result["status"] == "resuming"
+    assert bus.inbound.get_nowait().metadata["_webui_recovery_id"] == state["recovery_id"]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_new_user_message_supersedes_waiting_recovery(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    coordinator, bus, sessions = _coordinator(tmp_path)
+    session = sessions.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    session.messages.append({"role": "user", "content": "old request"})
+    session.metadata[PENDING_USER_TURN_KEY] = True
+    _persist(sessions, session)
+    await coordinator.scan()
+
+    newer = InboundMessage(
+        channel="websocket",
+        sender_id="user",
+        chat_id="chat",
+        content="new request",
+    )
+    assert await coordinator.admit(newer) is True
+    restored = sessions.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    assert restored.messages[-1]["_recovery_interrupted"] is True
+    assert sum(
+        message.get("_recovery_interrupted") is True
+        for message in restored.messages
+    ) == 1
+    assert restored.metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY]["reason"] == "superseded"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_new_user_message_cancels_active_recovery_task(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    coordinator, bus, sessions = _coordinator(tmp_path)
+    session = sessions.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    session.metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY] = {
+        "status": "resuming",
+        "recovery_id": "active",
+        "attempts": 1,
+    }
+    _persist(sessions, session)
+
+    started = asyncio.Event()
+
+    async def _active_recovery() -> None:
+        started.set()
+        await asyncio.Event().wait()
+
+    task = asyncio.create_task(_active_recovery())
+    await started.wait()
+    coordinator.register_recovery_task("websocket:chat", task)
+
+    newer = InboundMessage(
+        channel="websocket",
+        sender_id="user",
+        chat_id="chat",
+        content="new request",
+    )
+    assert await coordinator.admit(newer) is True
+    assert task.cancelled()
+    restored = sessions.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    assert restored.metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY]["reason"] == "superseded"
+    assert restored.messages[-1]["_recovery_interrupted"] is True
+    first = bus.outbound.get_nowait().event
+    second = bus.outbound.get_nowait().event
+    assert isinstance(first, RecoveryStateEvent)
+    assert isinstance(second, SessionUpdatedEvent)
+    assert bus.outbound.empty()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_recovery_action_rejects_stale_page_and_continues_current_state(
+    tmp_path: Path,
+) -> None:
+    coordinator, bus, sessions = _coordinator(tmp_path)
+    session = sessions.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    session.metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY] = {
+        "status": "awaiting_user",
+        "recovery_id": "current",
+        "attempts": 0,
+    }
+    _persist(sessions, session)
+
+    with pytest.raises(RecoveryActionError, match="stale"):
+        await coordinator.handle_action(
+            "continue",
+            {"chat_id": "chat", "recovery_id": "old"},
+        )
+
+    result = await coordinator.handle_action(
+        "continue",
+        {"chat_id": "chat", "recovery_id": "current"},
+    )
+    assert result["status"] == "resuming"
+    assert bus.inbound.get_nowait().metadata["_webui_recovery_id"] == "current"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_persisted_completion_wins_over_stale_resuming_marker(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    sessions = SessionManager(tmp_path)
+    session = sessions.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    session.messages.extend(
+        [
+            {"role": "user", "content": "work"},
+            {"role": "assistant", "content": "done"},
+        ]
+    )
+    session.metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY] = {
+        "status": "resuming",
+        "recovery_id": "recovery",
+        "attempts": 1,
+        "resume_message_count": 1,
+    }
+    _persist(sessions, session)
+
+    coordinator, bus, restarted = _coordinator(tmp_path)
+    await coordinator.scan()
+
+    assert bus.inbound.empty()
+    state = restarted.get_or_create("websocket:chat").metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY]
+    assert state["status"] == "recovered"
+    assert state["reason"] == "committed"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_dismiss_does_not_queue_work(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    coordinator, bus, sessions = _coordinator(tmp_path)
+    session = sessions.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    session.metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY] = {
+        "status": "awaiting_user",
+        "recovery_id": "current",
+        "attempts": 0,
+    }
+    _persist(sessions, session)
+
+    result = await coordinator.handle_action(
+        "dismiss",
+        {"chat_id": "chat", "recovery_id": "current"},
+    )
+
+    assert result["status"] == "recovered"
+    assert bus.inbound.empty()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_scan_failure_is_visible_instead_of_aborting_other_sessions(
+    tmp_path: Path,
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+) -> None:
+    coordinator, bus, sessions = _coordinator(tmp_path)
+    session = sessions.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    session.metadata[PENDING_USER_TURN_KEY] = True
+    _persist(sessions, session)
+
+    async def fail(*_args: object, **_kwargs: object) -> None:
+        raise RuntimeError("boom")
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(RecoveryCoordinator, "_recover_session", fail)
+    await coordinator.scan()
+
+    state = sessions.get_or_create("websocket:chat").metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY]
+    assert state["status"] == "failed"
+    assert state["can_continue"] is False
+    assert isinstance(bus.outbound.get_nowait().event, RecoveryStateEvent)
+
+    with pytest.raises(RecoveryActionError, match="context is unavailable"):
+        await coordinator.handle_action(
+            "continue",
+            {"chat_id": "chat", "recovery_id": state["recovery_id"]},
+        )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_bus_remains_quiet_after_recovered_state(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    coordinator, bus, sessions = _coordinator(tmp_path)
+    session = sessions.get_or_create("websocket:chat")
+    session.metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY] = {
+        "status": "recovered",
+        "recovery_id": "done",
+        "attempts": 1,
+    }
+    _persist(sessions, session)
+
+    await coordinator.scan()
+
+    await asyncio.sleep(0)
+    assert bus.inbound.empty()
+    assert bus.outbound.empty()

tests/session/test_session_store.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 from unittest.mock import MagicMock
 
 import nanobot.session as session_api
+from nanobot.providers.base import ProviderConversationState
 from nanobot.session import Session, SessionManager
 from nanobot.session.manager import SessionStore
 from nanobot.session.model_selection import SESSION_MODEL_PRESET_METADATA_KEY
@@ -123,3 +124,93 @@ def test_manager_preserves_full_session_before_store_save(tmp_path) -> None:
     assert session.messages[0]["content"] == "0"
     assert session.messages[-1]["content"] == "2000"
     store.save.assert_called_once_with(session, fsync=False)
+
+
+def test_runtime_checkpoint_does_not_rewrite_long_session(tmp_path) -> None:
+    manager = SessionManager(tmp_path)
+    session = manager.get_or_create("websocket:long")
+    for index in range(256):
+        session.add_message("user", f"{index}:" + "x" * 4096)
+    manager.save(session)
+
+    main_path = manager._get_session_path(session.key)
+    main_before = main_path.read_bytes()
+    stat_before = main_path.stat()
+    session.metadata["runtime_checkpoint"] = {
+        "phase": "tools_completed",
+        "assistant_message": {"role": "assistant", "content": "working"},
+        "completed_tool_results": [],
+        "pending_tool_calls": [],
+    }
+    session.provider_state = ProviderConversationState(
+        kind="openai_responses",
+        provider="openai:test",
+        model="test-model",
+        version=1,
+        payload={"response_id": "private-response"},
+    )
+
+    manager.save_runtime_checkpoint(session)
+
+    checkpoint_path = manager._get_runtime_checkpoint_path(session.key)
+    assert main_path.read_bytes() == main_before
+    assert main_path.stat().st_ino == stat_before.st_ino
+    assert main_path.stat().st_mtime_ns == stat_before.st_mtime_ns
+    assert checkpoint_path.stat().st_size < len(main_before) // 100
+
+    restored = SessionManager(tmp_path).get_or_create(session.key)
+    assert restored.metadata["runtime_checkpoint"]["phase"] == "tools_completed"
+    assert restored.provider_state is not None
+    assert restored.provider_state.payload == {"response_id": "private-response"}
+
+
+def test_completed_session_supersedes_stale_checkpoint(tmp_path) -> None:
+    manager = SessionManager(tmp_path)
+    session = manager.get_or_create("websocket:completed")
+    session.add_message("user", "question")
+    manager.save(session)
+    session.metadata["runtime_checkpoint"] = {"phase": "awaiting_tools"}
+    manager.save_runtime_checkpoint(session)
+    checkpoint_path = manager._get_runtime_checkpoint_path(session.key)
+    stale_checkpoint = checkpoint_path.read_bytes()
+
+    session.metadata.pop("runtime_checkpoint")
+    session.add_message("assistant", "answer")
+    manager.save(session)
+    assert not checkpoint_path.exists()
+
+    # Emulate a process dying after the main record was committed but before an
+    # obsolete sidecar could be removed. The base fingerprint keeps it stale.
+    checkpoint_path.write_bytes(stale_checkpoint)
+    restored = SessionManager(tmp_path).get_or_create(session.key)
+    assert "runtime_checkpoint" not in restored.metadata
+    assert restored.messages[-1]["content"] == "answer"
+    assert not checkpoint_path.exists()
+
+
+def test_delete_session_removes_runtime_checkpoint(tmp_path) -> None:
+    manager = SessionManager(tmp_path)
+    session = manager.get_or_create("websocket:delete")
+    session.add_message("user", "question")
+    manager.save(session)
+    session.metadata["runtime_checkpoint"] = {"phase": "awaiting_tools"}
+    manager.save_runtime_checkpoint(session)
+    checkpoint_path = manager._get_runtime_checkpoint_path(session.key)
+    assert checkpoint_path.exists()
+
+    assert manager.delete_session(session.key) is True
+    assert not checkpoint_path.exists()
+
+
+def test_invalid_runtime_checkpoint_is_discarded(tmp_path) -> None:
+    manager = SessionManager(tmp_path)
+    session = manager.get_or_create("websocket:invalid-checkpoint")
+    session.add_message("user", "question")
+    manager.save(session)
+    checkpoint_path = manager._get_runtime_checkpoint_path(session.key)
+    checkpoint_path.write_text("{truncated", encoding="utf-8")
+
+    restored = SessionManager(tmp_path).get_or_create(session.key)
+
+    assert "runtime_checkpoint" not in restored.metadata
+    assert not checkpoint_path.exists()

tests/utils/test_webui_transcript.py

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+from pathlib import Path
+
 import nanobot.webui.transcript as transcript_module
 from nanobot.session.history_visibility import HIDDEN_HISTORY_META
 from nanobot.webui.transcript import (
@@ -393,6 +395,55 @@ def test_replay_delta_and_turn_end(tmp_path, monkeypatch) -> None:
     assert msgs[1]["latencyMs"] == 42
 
 
+def test_replay_canonical_completed_stream_records() -> None:
+    msgs = replay_transcript_to_ui_messages([
+        {"event": "user", "chat_id": "canonical", "text": "q"},
+        {"event": "reasoning_end", "chat_id": "canonical", "text": "think"},
+        {"event": "stream_end", "chat_id": "canonical", "text": "answer"},
+        {"event": "turn_end", "chat_id": "canonical", "latency_ms": 42},
+    ])
+
+    assert len(msgs) == 2
+    assert msgs[1]["content"] == "answer"
+    assert msgs[1]["reasoning"] == "think"
+    assert msgs[1]["latencyMs"] == 42
+
+
+def test_replay_turn_end_preserves_usage_semantics(tmp_path, monkeypatch) -> None:
+    monkeypatch.setattr("nanobot.config.paths.get_data_dir", lambda: tmp_path)
+    key = "websocket:t-usage"
+    for event in (
+        {"event": "user", "chat_id": "t-usage", "text": "q"},
+        {"event": "message", "chat_id": "t-usage", "text": "a"},
+        {
+            "event": "turn_end",
+            "chat_id": "t-usage",
+            "latency_ms": 18_200,
+            "usage": {
+                "prompt_tokens": 12_400,
+                "completion_tokens": 823,
+                "cached_tokens": 9_672,
+                "context_tokens": 8_200,
+                "request_count": 3,
+            },
+            "context_window_tokens": 128_000,
+        },
+    ):
+        append_transcript_object(key, event)
+
+    messages = replay_transcript_to_ui_messages(read_transcript_lines(key))
+
+    assert messages[-1]["usage"] == {
+        "prompt_tokens": 12_400,
+        "completion_tokens": 823,
+        "cached_tokens": 9_672,
+        "context_tokens": 8_200,
+        "request_count": 3,
+    }
+    assert messages[-1]["contextWindowTokens"] == 128_000
+    assert messages[-1]["latencyMs"] == 18_200
+
+
 def test_replay_uses_persisted_created_at_ms() -> None:
     msgs = replay_transcript_to_ui_messages(
         [
@@ -505,6 +556,22 @@ def test_thread_response_marks_unfinished_tool_tail_pending(tmp_path, monkeypatc
     assert out["completed_turn_ids"] == []
 
 
+def test_recovery_tail_check_reads_only_the_active_transcript(tmp_path, monkeypatch) -> None:
+    monkeypatch.setattr("nanobot.config.paths.get_data_dir", lambda: tmp_path)
+    key = "websocket:recovery-tail"
+    active_path = transcript_module.webui_transcript_path(key)
+    reads: list[Path] = []
+
+    def read(path: Path) -> list[dict[str, object]]:
+        reads.append(path)
+        return [{"event": "message", "kind": "progress", "text": "running"}]
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(transcript_module, "_read_transcript_file", read)
+
+    assert transcript_module.has_unfinished_transcript_tail(key) is True
+    assert reads == [active_path]
+
+
 def test_thread_response_reports_active_registry_without_transcript(
     tmp_path,
     monkeypatch,
@@ -1436,7 +1503,7 @@ def test_replay_keeps_every_file_from_one_apply_patch_call() -> None:
     assert [edit["path"] for edit in msgs[0]["fileEdits"]] == ["USER.md", "MEMORY.md"]
 
 
-def test_replay_keeps_interrupted_pre_tool_text_in_activity() -> None:
+def test_replay_keeps_interrupted_pre_tool_text_as_answer() -> None:
     msgs = replay_transcript_to_ui_messages([
         {"event": "delta", "chat_id": "t-stream", "text": "I will inspect first."},
         {"event": "stream_end", "chat_id": "t-stream"},
@@ -1455,8 +1522,10 @@ def test_replay_keeps_interrupted_pre_tool_text_in_activity() -> None:
 
     assert len(msgs) == 3
     assert msgs[0]["role"] == "assistant"
-    assert msgs[0]["content"] == ""
+    assert msgs[0]["content"] == "I will inspect first."
-    assert msgs[0]["reasoning"] == "I will inspect first."
+    assert msgs[0]["turnPhase"] == "answer"
+    assert "reasoning" not in msgs[0]
+    assert "activitySegmentId" not in msgs[0]
     assert "isStreaming" not in msgs[0]
     assert msgs[1]["kind"] == "trace"
     assert msgs[1]["traces"] == ['exec({"cmd":"ls"})']

tests/webui/test_gateway_webui_smoke.py

@@ -15,6 +15,9 @@ import httpx
 import pytest
 import websockets
 
+from nanobot.session.manager import SessionManager
+from nanobot.session.recovery import PENDING_USER_TURN_KEY, RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY
+
 _BOOTSTRAP_SECRET = "smoke-secret"
 
 
@@ -206,3 +209,84 @@ async def test_gateway_webui_bootstrap_message_and_thread_hydration(tmp_path: Pa
         assert any("shell-ok" in text for text in contents)
     finally:
         _stop_gateway(process)
+
+
+def test_gateway_restart_restores_a_completed_answer_without_replaying_model(
+    tmp_path: Path,
+) -> None:
+    """Exercise recovery through two real gateway processes and durable files."""
+    ws_port = _free_port()
+    gateway_port = _free_port()
+    workspace = tmp_path / "workspace"
+    workspace.mkdir()
+    config_path = tmp_path / "config.json"
+    first_log = tmp_path / "gateway-first.log"
+    second_log = tmp_path / "gateway-second.log"
+    _write_smoke_config(
+        config_path,
+        workspace=workspace,
+        ws_port=ws_port,
+        gateway_port=gateway_port,
+    )
+    base_url = f"http://127.0.0.1:{ws_port}"
+
+    first = _start_gateway(config_path, first_log)
+    try:
+        _wait_for_bootstrap(base_url, first, first_log)
+    finally:
+        _stop_gateway(first)
+
+    sessions_root = tmp_path / "sessions"
+    sessions = SessionManager(workspace, sessions_root=sessions_root)
+    session = sessions.get_or_create("websocket:recovery-smoke")
+    session.messages.append({"role": "user", "content": "recover this answer"})
+    session.metadata["webui"] = True
+    session.metadata[PENDING_USER_TURN_KEY] = True
+    session.metadata[RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY] = {
+        "phase": "final_response",
+        "assistant_message": {
+            "role": "assistant",
+            "content": "restored without another model request",
+        },
+        "completed_tool_results": [],
+        "pending_tool_calls": [],
+    }
+    sessions.save(session, fsync=True)
+
+    second = _start_gateway(config_path, second_log)
+    try:
+        bootstrap = _wait_for_bootstrap(base_url, second, second_log)
+        deadline = time.monotonic() + 20
+        restored = None
+        while time.monotonic() < deadline:
+            restored = SessionManager(
+                workspace,
+                sessions_root=sessions_root,
+            ).get_or_create("websocket:recovery-smoke")
+            if any(
+                message.get("content") == "restored without another model request"
+                for message in restored.messages
+            ):
+                break
+            time.sleep(0.1)
+        else:
+            logs = second_log.read_text(encoding="utf-8", errors="replace")
+            raise AssertionError(f"answer was not recovered after restart\n{logs}")
+
+        assert restored is not None
+        assert PENDING_USER_TURN_KEY not in restored.metadata
+        assert RUNTIME_CHECKPOINT_KEY not in restored.metadata
+        assert restored.metadata["webui_recovery"]["reason"] == "answer_restored"
+
+        async def assert_attach_state() -> None:
+            ws_url = f'{bootstrap["ws_url"]}?token={bootstrap["token"]}&client_id=recovery-smoke'
+            async with websockets.connect(ws_url) as ws:
+                await _recv_until(ws, "ready")
+                await ws.send(json.dumps({"type": "attach", "chat_id": "recovery-smoke"}))
+                attached = await _recv_until(ws, "attached")
+                assert attached["recovery_state"]["status"] == "recovered"
+                assert attached["recovery_state"]["reason"] == "answer_restored"
+
+        asyncio.run(assert_attach_state())
+    finally:
+        _stop_gateway(second)

tests/webui/test_session_list_index.py

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ from nanobot.session.automation_turns import AUTOMATION_HISTORY_META
 from nanobot.session.history_visibility import HIDDEN_HISTORY_META
 from nanobot.session.manager import SessionManager
 from nanobot.session.model_selection import SESSION_MODEL_PRESET_METADATA_KEY
+from nanobot.session.recovery import RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY
 
 
 @pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
@@ -66,6 +67,30 @@ def test_webui_session_list_refreshes_after_model_preset_rename(tmp_path: Path)
     assert list_webui_sessions(manager)[0]["model_preset"] == "Codex"
 
 
+def test_webui_session_list_surfaces_pending_recovery_state(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    manager = SessionManager(tmp_path)
+    session = manager.get_or_create("websocket:needs-attention")
+    session.add_message("user", "the interrupted task")
+    session.metadata[RECOVERY_METADATA_KEY] = {
+        "status": "awaiting_user",
+        "recovery_id": "recovery-123",
+        "reason": "uncertain_tool_state",
+        "attempts": 1,
+        # Private checkpoint details must never leak into the sidebar index.
+        "checkpoint": {"tool_args": "secret"},
+    }
+    manager.save(session)
+
+    row = list_webui_sessions(manager)[0]
+
+    assert row["recovery_state"] == {
+        "status": "awaiting_user",
+        "recovery_id": "recovery-123",
+        "reason": "uncertain_tool_state",
+        "attempts": 1,
+    }
+
+
 def test_webui_session_index_uses_unique_temp_file(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
     manager = SessionManager(tmp_path)
     session = manager.get_or_create("websocket:unique-index-temp")

tui/src/app.test.ts

@@ -7,7 +7,12 @@ import {
 } from "@opentui/core/testing"
 
 import { NanobotTui, sessionExitMessage, type AppOptions } from "./app"
-import type { MessageOptions, SlashCommand, WorkspaceScopePayload } from "./protocol"
+import type {
+  MessageOptions,
+  RecoveryState,
+  SlashCommand,
+  WorkspaceScopePayload,
+} from "./protocol"
 import type { HostAgentState, HostMetadata, TuiHost } from "./host"
 
 const options: AppOptions = {
@@ -91,6 +96,13 @@ function client(
     setWorkspaceScope(scope: WorkspaceScopePayload) {
       scopes.push(scope)
     },
+    updateRecovery(
+      _action: "continue" | "dismiss",
+      _chatId: string,
+      recoveryId: string,
+    ): Promise<RecoveryState> {
+      return Promise.resolve({ status: "recovered" as const, recovery_id: recoveryId })
+    },
   }
 }
 
@@ -555,6 +567,97 @@ describe("NanobotTui layout", () => {
     }
   })
 
+  test("switches away from a running session without losing its queued follow-ups", async () => {
+    setup = await createRenderer({ width: 80, height: 24, screenMode: "alternate-screen" })
+    const original = globalThis.fetch
+    globalThis.fetch = ((input: string | URL | Request) => {
+      const url = String(input)
+      if (url.endsWith("/api/sessions")) {
+        return Promise.resolve(new Response(JSON.stringify({
+          sessions: [
+            { key: "websocket:chat", title: "Running chat", run_started_at: 1_700_000_000 },
+            { key: "websocket:other", title: "Other chat" },
+          ],
+        })))
+      }
+      if (url.endsWith("/api/webui/sidebar-state")) {
+        return Promise.resolve(new Response(JSON.stringify({})))
+      }
+      return Promise.resolve(new Response(JSON.stringify({
+        messages: [],
+        page: { has_more_before: false },
+      })))
+    }) as typeof fetch
+    const sent: string[] = []
+    const attached: string[] = []
+    let activeChatId = "chat"
+    const base = client(sent, attached)
+    const transport = {
+      ...base,
+      get activeChatId() { return activeChatId },
+      attach(chatId: string) {
+        attached.push(chatId)
+        activeChatId = chatId
+      },
+    }
+    const app = NanobotTui.mount(
+      setup.renderer,
+      { ...options, apiUrl: "http://nanobot.test", apiToken: "secret" },
+      transport,
+      new MockTreeSitterClient({ autoResolveTimeout: 0 }),
+    )
+    const ui = app as unknown as {
+      ready: boolean
+      activeTurn: boolean
+      composer: TextareaRenderable
+      sessionMenu: { visible: boolean }
+      queuePreview: { root: { visible: boolean } }
+      status: { plainText: string }
+    }
+
+    try {
+      app.accept({ event: "attached", chat_id: "chat" })
+      await waitUntil(() => ui.ready)
+      app.accept({ event: "goal_status", chat_id: "chat", status: "running", turn_id: "turn" })
+      ui.composer.setText("follow up in chat")
+      setup.mockInput.pressTab()
+      await waitUntil(() => ui.composer.plainText === "")
+      expect(ui.queuePreview.root.visible).toBe(true)
+
+      ui.composer.setText("/sessions")
+      ui.composer.submit()
+      await waitUntil(() => ui.sessionMenu.visible)
+      await Bun.sleep(120)
+      expect(ui.status.plainText).toContain("2 sessions")
+
+      ui.composer.setText("other")
+      ui.composer.submit()
+      await waitUntil(() => attached.at(-1) === "other")
+      app.accept({ event: "attached", chat_id: "other" })
+      await waitUntil(() => ui.ready)
+      expect(ui.activeTurn).toBe(false)
+      expect(ui.queuePreview.root.visible).toBe(false)
+
+      ui.composer.setText("/sessions")
+      ui.composer.submit()
+      await waitUntil(() => ui.sessionMenu.visible)
+      ui.composer.setText("running")
+      ui.composer.submit()
+      await waitUntil(() => attached.at(-1) === "chat")
+      app.accept({ event: "attached", chat_id: "chat" })
+      app.accept({ event: "goal_status", chat_id: "chat", status: "running", turn_id: "turn" })
+      await waitUntil(() => ui.ready && ui.activeTurn)
+      expect(ui.queuePreview.root.visible).toBe(true)
+      expect(sent).toEqual([])
+
+      app.accept({ event: "turn_end", chat_id: "chat", turn_id: "turn" })
+      await waitUntil(() => sent.length === 1)
+      expect(sent).toEqual(["follow up in chat"])
+    } finally {
+      globalThis.fetch = original
+    }
+  })
+
   test("refreshes expired API credentials before opening sessions", async () => {
     setup = await createRenderer({ width: 80, height: 24, screenMode: "alternate-screen" })
     const original = globalThis.fetch
@@ -903,6 +1006,127 @@ describe("NanobotTui layout", () => {
     }
   })
 
+  test("offers clickable recovery actions without letting a late response revive stale state", async () => {
+    setup = await createRenderer({ width: 96, height: 24, screenMode: "alternate-screen" })
+    const calls: Array<{ action: string; chatId: string; recoveryId: string }> = []
+    let deferredResolve: ((state: RecoveryState) => void) | undefined
+    const recoveryClient = client()
+    recoveryClient.updateRecovery = (action, chatId, recoveryId) => {
+      calls.push({ action, chatId, recoveryId })
+      if (recoveryId === "recovery-1") {
+        return Promise.resolve({ status: "resuming", recovery_id: recoveryId })
+      }
+      if (action === "dismiss") {
+        return Promise.resolve({ status: "recovered", recovery_id: recoveryId })
+      }
+      return new Promise((resolve) => { deferredResolve = resolve })
+    }
+    const app = NanobotTui.mount(
+      setup.renderer,
+      options,
+      recoveryClient,
+      new MockTreeSitterClient({ autoResolveTimeout: 0 }),
+    )
+    app.accept({
+      event: "attached",
+      chat_id: "chat",
+      recovery_state: {
+        status: "awaiting_user",
+        recovery_id: "recovery-1",
+        reason: "tool execution interrupted",
+      },
+    })
+    const ui = app as unknown as {
+      activeTurn: boolean
+      composer: TextareaRenderable
+      recoveryNotice: {
+        visible: boolean
+        dismiss: TextRenderable
+        resume: TextRenderable
+      }
+      status: TextRenderable
+    }
+
+    await waitUntil(() => (app as unknown as { ready: boolean }).ready)
+    await setup.renderOnce()
+    expect(setup.captureCharFrame()).toContain("⚠ Task interrupted")
+    expect(setup.captureCharFrame()).toContain("Tools will not replay automatically")
+    expect(ui.status.plainText).toContain("continue or dismiss")
+    expect(ui.activeTurn).toBe(false)
+    expect(ui.composer.focused).toBe(true)
+
+    await setup.mockMouse.click(ui.recoveryNotice.resume.x + 1, ui.recoveryNotice.resume.y)
+    await waitUntil(() => calls.length === 1 && ui.activeTurn)
+    expect(calls[0]).toEqual({
+      action: "continue",
+      chatId: "chat",
+      recoveryId: "recovery-1",
+    })
+    expect(ui.recoveryNotice.visible).toBe(false)
+    expect(ui.status.plainText).toContain("Continuing")
+
+    app.accept({
+      event: "recovery_state",
+      chat_id: "chat",
+      status: "awaiting_user",
+      recovery_id: "recovery-2",
+    })
+    await setup.renderOnce()
+    await setup.mockMouse.click(ui.recoveryNotice.resume.x + 1, ui.recoveryNotice.resume.y)
+    await waitUntil(() => calls.length === 2)
+    app.accept({
+      event: "recovery_state",
+      chat_id: "chat",
+      status: "recovered",
+      recovery_id: "recovery-2",
+    })
+    deferredResolve?.({ status: "resuming", recovery_id: "recovery-2" })
+    await Bun.sleep(1)
+
+    expect(ui.recoveryNotice.visible).toBe(false)
+    expect(ui.activeTurn).toBe(false)
+    expect(ui.composer.focused).toBe(true)
+
+    app.accept({
+      event: "recovery_state",
+      chat_id: "chat",
+      status: "awaiting_user",
+      recovery_id: "recovery-unavailable",
+      can_continue: false,
+    })
+    await setup.renderOnce()
+    const unavailableFrame = setup.captureCharFrame()
+    expect(unavailableFrame).toContain("can’t be resumed safely")
+    expect(unavailableFrame).not.toContain("Continue")
+    expect(ui.status.plainText).toContain("dismiss to start a new message")
+
+    app.accept({
+      event: "recovery_state",
+      chat_id: "chat",
+      status: "awaiting_user",
+      recovery_id: "recovery-3",
+    })
+    await setup.renderOnce()
+    await setup.mockMouse.click(ui.recoveryNotice.dismiss.x + 1, ui.recoveryNotice.dismiss.y)
+    await waitUntil(() => calls.length === 3 && !ui.recoveryNotice.visible)
+    expect(calls[2]).toEqual({
+      action: "dismiss",
+      chatId: "chat",
+      recoveryId: "recovery-3",
+    })
+
+    app.accept({
+      event: "recovery_state",
+      chat_id: "chat",
+      status: "awaiting_user",
+      recovery_id: "recovery-4",
+      can_continue: false,
+    })
+    await setup.renderOnce()
+    expect(ui.recoveryNotice.resume.visible).toBe(false)
+    expect(ui.recoveryNotice.dismiss.visible).toBe(true)
+  })
+
   test("preserves gateway slash lifecycle while local navigation stays in the same menu", async () => {
     setup = await createRenderer({ width: 80, height: 24, screenMode: "alternate-screen" })
     const sent: string[] = []

tui/src/app.ts

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ import {
   type InboundEvent,
   type MentionCandidate,
   type MessageOptions,
+  type RecoveryState,
   type SlashCommand,
   type SessionSummary,
   type TokenUsage,
@@ -70,6 +71,7 @@ import {
 } from "./mention-menu"
 import { PromptQueue, type QueuedPrompt } from "./prompt-queue"
 import { QueuePreview, type QueuePreviewTheme } from "./queue-preview"
+import { RecoveryNotice, type RecoveryNoticeTheme } from "./recovery-notice"
 import { RuntimeControls } from "./runtime-controls"
 import {
   contextualFooterHints,
@@ -107,6 +109,11 @@ interface ChatClient {
   newChat(scope?: WorkspaceScopePayload): void
   forkChat?(sourceChatId: string, beforeUserIndex: number, title?: string): void
   setWorkspaceScope(scope: WorkspaceScopePayload): void
+  updateRecovery(
+    action: "continue" | "dismiss",
+    chatId: string,
+    recoveryId: string,
+  ): Promise<RecoveryState>
 }
 
 interface Palette {
@@ -118,6 +125,7 @@ interface Palette {
   accent: string
   link: string
   success: string
+  warning: string
   error: string
   user: string
   userBackground: string
@@ -134,6 +142,7 @@ const DARK: Palette = {
   accent: "#EF8E30",
   link: "#60A5FA",
   success: "#5CC489",
+  warning: "#F5C451",
   error: "#F87171",
   user: "#EF8E30",
   // Codex-style turn anchor: 12% white over the reference dark background.
@@ -151,6 +160,7 @@ const LIGHT: Palette = {
   accent: "#B94D0B",
   link: "#1D4ED8",
   success: "#166534",
+  warning: "#A16207",
   error: "#B91C1C",
   user: "#B94D0B",
   // Codex-style turn anchor: 4% black over the reference light background.
@@ -164,6 +174,7 @@ const ACTIVE_COMPOSER_PLACEHOLDER = "Steer this turn…"
 const SHIMMER_PAUSE = 16
 const SHIMMER_BAND = 4
 const SHIMMER_INTERVAL_MS = 80
+const SESSION_REFRESH_INTERVAL_MS = 1_000
 const LOCAL_COMMANDS: TuiCommand[] = [
   {
     command: "/sessions",
@@ -252,6 +263,8 @@ function commandMenuTheme(palette: Palette): CommandMenuTheme {
     text: palette.text,
     muted: palette.muted,
     border: palette.border,
+    accent: palette.accent,
+    warning: palette.warning,
     selectedBackground: palette.userBackground,
   }
 }
@@ -295,6 +308,17 @@ function queuePreviewTheme(palette: Palette): QueuePreviewTheme {
   }
 }
 
+function recoveryNoticeTheme(palette: Palette): RecoveryNoticeTheme {
+  return {
+    text: palette.text,
+    muted: palette.muted,
+    border: palette.border,
+    accent: palette.accent,
+    warning: palette.warning,
+    error: palette.error,
+  }
+}
+
 function footerHintTheme(palette: Palette): FooterHintTheme {
   return {
     accent: palette.accent,
@@ -380,6 +404,7 @@ export class NanobotTui {
   private readonly contextPanel: ContextPanel
   private readonly diffViewer: DiffViewer
   private readonly queuePreview: QueuePreview
+  private readonly recoveryNotice: RecoveryNotice
   private readonly client: ChatClient
   private readonly shell: BoxRenderable
   private readonly title: BoxRenderable
@@ -390,7 +415,8 @@ export class NanobotTui {
   private readonly meta: TextRenderable
   private readonly host: TuiHost
   private readonly draft = new ComposerDraft()
-  private readonly promptQueue = new PromptQueue()
+  private readonly promptQueues = new Map<string, PromptQueue>()
+  private currentChatId = ""
   private palette: Palette
   private activeThemeMode: ThemeMode
   private backgroundKnown: boolean
@@ -436,6 +462,8 @@ export class NanobotTui {
   private quitting = false
   private sessionLoadId = 0
   private sessionLoading = false
+  private sessionRefreshPending = false
+  private sessionRefreshTimer: ReturnType<typeof setInterval> | null = null
   private readonly commandTurns = new Map<string, ResolvedSlashCommandLifecycle>()
   private readonly modelCommandTurns = new Set<string>()
   private readonly silentCommandTurns = new Set<string>()
@@ -444,6 +472,8 @@ export class NanobotTui {
   private currentTask = ""
   private currentAction = ""
   private hostBlocked = false
+  private recoveryState: RecoveryState | null = null
+  private recoveryPending = false
   private hostWorkspace: string
   private hostBranch: string
   private readonly apiReauthenticator: ApiReauthenticator | undefined
@@ -495,6 +525,14 @@ export class NanobotTui {
       treeSitterClient,
     )
     this.queuePreview = new QueuePreview(renderer, queuePreviewTheme(this.palette))
+    this.recoveryNotice = new RecoveryNotice(
+      renderer,
+      recoveryNoticeTheme(this.palette),
+      {
+        onContinue: () => void this.updateRecovery("continue"),
+        onDismiss: () => void this.updateRecovery("dismiss"),
+      },
+    )
     this.client = client || new NanobotClient({
       ...(options.bootstrapUrl
         ? {
@@ -723,6 +761,7 @@ export class NanobotTui {
     this.shell.add(this.runtimeControls.menuRoot)
     if (!host.hosted) this.shell.add(this.title)
     this.shell.add(this.queuePreview.root)
+    this.shell.add(this.recoveryNotice.root)
     this.shell.add(this.composerFrame)
     this.shell.add(statusRow)
     this.shell.add(this.diffViewer.root)
@@ -831,6 +870,12 @@ export class NanobotTui {
       this.quit()
       return
     }
+    if (["/continue", "/dismiss"].includes(visibleContent.toLowerCase())) {
+      this.clearComposer()
+      this.commandMenu.hide()
+      void this.updateRecovery(visibleContent.toLowerCase() === "/continue" ? "continue" : "dismiss")
+      return
+    }
     const completion = this.commandMenu.completion(visibleContent)
     if (completion) {
       this.setComposer(completion)
@@ -925,6 +970,8 @@ export class NanobotTui {
 
   accept(event: InboundEvent): void {
     if (event.event === "attached") {
+      const switchedSession = Boolean(this.currentChatId && this.currentChatId !== event.chat_id)
+      this.currentChatId = event.chat_id
       this.host.reportSession(event.chat_id)
       if (event.usage) this.lastUsage = event.usage
       if (event.model_preset !== undefined) {
@@ -946,7 +993,11 @@ export class NanobotTui {
       }
       const hydrationId = ++this.hydrationId
       void this.prepareChat(event.chat_id, restoring, hydrationId).then(() => {
-        if (hydrationId === this.hydrationId) this.flushPendingEvents()
+        if (hydrationId !== this.hydrationId) return
+        this.applyRecoveryState(event.recovery_state ?? null)
+        this.flushPendingEvents()
+        this.syncQueuePreview()
+        if (switchedSession) this.sendNextFollowUp()
       })
       return
     }
@@ -1083,6 +1134,9 @@ export class NanobotTui {
         this.applyHostGoalState(event.goal_state)
         if (!this.activeTurn) this.reportHostResting()
         return
+      case "recovery_state":
+        this.applyRecoveryState(event)
+        return
       case "turn_model_updated":
         if (typeof event.context_window_tokens === "number") {
           this.contextWindowTokens = event.context_window_tokens
@@ -1191,6 +1245,87 @@ export class NanobotTui {
     for (const event of events || []) this.accept(event)
   }
 
+  private clearRecoveryState(): void {
+    this.recoveryState = null
+    this.recoveryPending = false
+    this.recoveryNotice.hide()
+  }
+
+  private applyRecoveryState(state: RecoveryState | null): void {
+    if (!state) {
+      this.clearRecoveryState()
+      return
+    }
+    this.recoveryState = state
+    this.recoveryPending = false
+    if (state.status === "resuming") {
+      this.recoveryNotice.hide()
+      this.hostBlocked = false
+      this.activeLabel = "Continuing"
+      this.setCurrentAction("Continuing interrupted task")
+      this.setActive(true)
+      this.reportHostWorking()
+      return
+    }
+    if (state.status === "awaiting_user" || state.status === "failed") {
+      this.activeTurnId = null
+      this.setActive(false)
+      this.hostBlocked = true
+      this.recoveryNotice.show(state)
+      const detail = state.reason || (state.status === "failed"
+        ? "Recovery failed"
+        : "Task interrupted")
+      this.setCurrentAction(detail)
+      this.status.content = state.can_continue === false
+        ? "Interrupted · dismiss to start a new message"
+        : "Interrupted · continue or dismiss"
+      this.host.reportState("blocked", detail)
+      this.composer.focus()
+      return
+    }
+    this.clearRecoveryState()
+    this.activeTurnId = null
+    this.hostBlocked = false
+    this.setActive(false)
+    if (this.ready) this.status.content = this.readyStatus()
+    this.reportHostResting()
+  }
+
+  private async updateRecovery(action: "continue" | "dismiss"): Promise<void> {
+    const state = this.recoveryState
+    if (
+      !state
+      || (state.status !== "awaiting_user" && state.status !== "failed")
+      || (action === "continue" && state.can_continue === false)
+    ) {
+      this.status.content = "No interrupted task"
+      this.composer.focus()
+      return
+    }
+    if (this.recoveryPending) return
+    this.recoveryPending = true
+    this.recoveryNotice.setBusy(true)
+    this.status.content = action === "continue" ? "Continuing…" : "Dismissing…"
+    try {
+      const next = await this.client.updateRecovery(
+        action,
+        this.client.activeChatId,
+        state.recovery_id,
+      )
+      if (this.recoveryState?.recovery_id === state.recovery_id) {
+        this.applyRecoveryState(next)
+      }
+    } catch (error) {
+      if (this.recoveryState?.recovery_id !== state.recovery_id) return
+      this.recoveryPending = false
+      this.recoveryNotice.setBusy(false)
+      this.status.content = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)
+      this.host.reportState("blocked", state.reason || "Task interrupted")
+    } finally {
+      this.composer.focus()
+    }
+  }
+
   private updateGatewayApiConnection(apiUrl: string, apiToken: string): void {
     this.options.apiUrl = apiUrl
     this.options.apiToken = apiToken
@@ -1282,6 +1417,7 @@ export class NanobotTui {
   }
 
   private renderActiveStatus(): void {
+    if (this.sessionLoading || this.sessionMenu.visible) return
     const elapsed = formatElapsed(Date.now() - this.activeStartedAt)
     const navigation = this.transcriptNavigation.awayFromBottom ? " · Ctrl+End latest" : ""
     const queued = this.promptQueue.length ? ` · ${this.promptQueue.length} queued` : ""
@@ -1311,6 +1447,16 @@ export class NanobotTui {
     this.sendPrompt(prompt)
   }
 
+  private get promptQueue(): PromptQueue {
+    const chatId = this.currentChatId || this.client.activeChatId
+    let queue = this.promptQueues.get(chatId)
+    if (!queue) {
+      queue = new PromptQueue()
+      this.promptQueues.set(chatId, queue)
+    }
+    return queue
+  }
+
   private restoreQueuedPrompts(): void {
     const queued = this.promptQueue.restore()
     if (!queued.length) return
@@ -1576,6 +1722,7 @@ export class NanobotTui {
     this.contextPanel.setTheme(contextPanelTheme(this.palette))
     this.diffViewer.setTheme(diffViewerTheme(this.palette, this.backgroundKnown))
     this.queuePreview.setTheme(queuePreviewTheme(this.palette))
+    this.recoveryNotice.setTheme(recoveryNoticeTheme(this.palette))
     this.updateComposerAppearance()
     this.composer.textColor = this.palette.text
     this.composer.focusedTextColor = this.palette.text
@@ -1858,7 +2005,7 @@ export class NanobotTui {
 
   private closeTransientMenus(): void {
     this.commandMenu.hide()
-    this.sessionMenu.hide()
+    this.hideSessionMenu()
     this.mentionMenu.hide()
     this.branchMenu.hide()
     this.contextPanel.hide()
@@ -1912,7 +2059,7 @@ export class NanobotTui {
       return
     }
     this.commandMenu.hide()
-    this.sessionMenu.hide()
+    this.hideSessionMenu()
     this.contextPanel.hide()
     this.clearComposer()
     this.status.content = "Loading branch points…"
@@ -1974,10 +2121,6 @@ export class NanobotTui {
   }
 
   private async openSessions(): Promise<void> {
-    if (this.activeTurn) {
-      this.status.content = "Wait for the current turn or press Ctrl+C"
-      return
-    }
     this.commandMenu.hide()
     this.dismissRuntimeControls()
     this.mentionMenu.hide()
@@ -2001,10 +2144,17 @@ export class NanobotTui {
         this.sessionTitle = sessionLabel(current)
         this.applySessionModel(current)
         this.applySessionScope(current)
+        this.applyRecoveryState(current.recoveryState ?? null)
         this.updateTitle()
       }
       const limit = this.renderer.height >= 20 ? 8 : 4
-      this.sessionMenu.open(sessions, this.client.activeChatId, limit)
+      this.sessionMenu.open(
+        sessions,
+        this.client.activeChatId,
+        limit,
+        this.defaultModelPreset,
+      )
+      this.startSessionRefresh()
       this.renderTitleColor()
       this.sessionMenu.update(this.composer.plainText, limit)
       this.syncComposerPlaceholder()
@@ -2019,17 +2169,14 @@ export class NanobotTui {
   }
 
   private switchSession(session: SessionSummary): void {
-    if (this.activeTurn) {
+    this.sessionMenu.markRead(session.chatId)
-      this.status.content = "Wait for the current turn or press Ctrl+C"
-      return
-    }
     if (session.chatId === this.client.activeChatId) {
       this.sessionTitle = sessionLabel(session)
       this.applySessionModel(session)
       this.applySessionScope(session)
+      this.applyRecoveryState(session.recoveryState ?? null)
       this.updateTitle()
       this.closeSessions()
-      this.status.content = this.readyStatus()
       return
     }
     if (!this.ready) {
@@ -2039,7 +2186,10 @@ export class NanobotTui {
     this.closeSessions()
     try {
       this.ready = false
-      this.clearPromptQueue()
+      this.activeTurnId = null
+      this.setActive(false)
+      this.clearRecoveryState()
+      this.queuePreview.update([])
       this.sessionMetadataId += 1
       this.clearHostContext()
       this.sessionTitle = sessionLabel(session)
@@ -2066,13 +2216,14 @@ export class NanobotTui {
       return
     }
     this.commandMenu.hide()
-    this.sessionMenu.hide()
+    this.hideSessionMenu()
     this.mentionMenu.hide()
     this.branchMenu.hide()
     this.contextPanel.hide()
     this.clearComposer()
     try {
       this.ready = false
+      this.clearRecoveryState()
       this.clearPromptQueue()
       this.sessionMetadataId += 1
       this.clearHostContext()
@@ -2173,18 +2324,65 @@ export class NanobotTui {
   private closeSessions(): void {
     this.sessionLoadId += 1
     this.sessionLoading = false
-    this.sessionMenu.hide()
+    this.hideSessionMenu()
     this.renderTitleColor()
     this.clearComposer()
     this.syncComposerPlaceholder()
     this.composer.focus()
-    if (!this.activeTurn && this.ready) this.status.content = this.readyStatus()
+    if (this.activeTurn) this.renderActiveStatus()
+    else if (this.ready) this.status.content = this.readyStatus()
     this.updateMeta()
   }
 
+  private hideSessionMenu(): void {
+    this.stopSessionRefresh()
+    this.sessionMenu.hide()
+  }
+
+  private startSessionRefresh(): void {
+    if (this.sessionRefreshTimer) return
+    this.sessionRefreshTimer = setInterval(() => {
+      if (!this.sessionMenu.visible) {
+        this.stopSessionRefresh()
+        return
+      }
+      void this.refreshSessionMenu()
+    }, SESSION_REFRESH_INTERVAL_MS)
+    ;(this.sessionRefreshTimer as unknown as { unref?: () => void }).unref?.()
+  }
+
+  private stopSessionRefresh(): void {
+    if (this.sessionRefreshTimer) clearInterval(this.sessionRefreshTimer)
+    this.sessionRefreshTimer = null
+  }
+
+  private async refreshSessionMenu(): Promise<void> {
+    if (this.sessionRefreshPending || !this.sessionMenu.visible || this.quitting) return
+    this.sessionRefreshPending = true
+    const loadId = this.sessionLoadId
+    try {
+      const sessions = await fetchSessions(
+        this.options.apiUrl,
+        this.options.apiToken,
+        this.apiReauthenticator,
+      )
+      if (this.quitting || loadId !== this.sessionLoadId || !this.sessionMenu.visible) return
+      this.sessionMenu.replace(
+        sessions,
+        this.client.activeChatId,
+        this.defaultModelPreset,
+      )
+      this.status.content = sessions.length ? `${sessions.length} sessions` : "No saved sessions"
+    } catch {
+      // Keep the existing picker usable during a transient refresh failure.
+    } finally {
+      this.sessionRefreshPending = false
+    }
+  }
+
   private async openContext(): Promise<void> {
     this.commandMenu.hide()
-    this.sessionMenu.hide()
+    this.hideSessionMenu()
     this.mentionMenu.hide()
     this.branchMenu.hide()
     this.clearComposer()
@@ -2256,7 +2454,7 @@ export class NanobotTui {
 
   private openDiff(): void {
     this.commandMenu.hide()
-    this.sessionMenu.hide()
+    this.hideSessionMenu()
     this.mentionMenu.hide()
     this.branchMenu.hide()
     this.contextPanel.hide()
@@ -2320,6 +2518,7 @@ export class NanobotTui {
     this.quitting = true
     this.submitGeneration += 1
     this.submitPending = false
+    this.stopSessionRefresh()
     this.host.release()
     this.client.close()
     this.renderer.destroy()
@@ -2330,6 +2529,7 @@ export class NanobotTui {
 
   private handleDestroy = (): void => {
     if (this.shimmerTimer) clearInterval(this.shimmerTimer)
+    this.stopSessionRefresh()
     this.transcript.destroy()
     this.diffViewer.destroy()
     this.host.release()

tui/src/command-menu.ts

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import { PickerMenu, type PickerMenuTheme } from "./picker-menu"
 
 export type CommandMenuTheme = PickerMenuTheme
 
-export type TuiCommandAction =
+type TuiCommandAction =
   | "sessions"
   | "new-chat"
   | "context"

tui/src/picker-menu.ts

@@ -1,22 +1,27 @@
 import {
   BoxRenderable,
   RGBA,
+  StyledText,
   TextAttributes,
   TextRenderable,
   type CliRenderer,
+  type TextChunk,
 } from "@opentui/core"
 
 export interface PickerMenuTheme {
   text: string
   muted: string
   border: string
+  accent?: string
+  warning?: string
   selectedBackground?: string
 }
 
 interface PickerMenuOptions<T> {
   id: string
+  key?: (item: T) => string
   searchText: (item: T) => string
-  render: (item: T) => string
+  render: (item: T, selected: boolean) => string | TextChunk[]
   emptyText?: string
   maxWidth?: number
   onSelect?: (item: T) => void
@@ -68,9 +73,21 @@ export class PickerMenu<T> {
     this.update(query, limit)
   }
 
+  replace(items: T[]): void {
+    if (!this.visible) return
+    this.items = items
+    this.update(this.query, this.limit)
+  }
+
+  redraw(): void {
+    if (this.visible) this.render()
+  }
+
   update(query: string, limit = this.limit): void {
     if (!this.visible) return
     const changed = query !== this.query
+    const previous = this.matches[this.selected]
+    const previousKey = previous === undefined ? null : this.options.key?.(previous)
     this.query = query
     this.limit = Math.max(1, limit)
     const words = query.trim().toLocaleLowerCase().split(/\s+/u).filter(Boolean)
@@ -80,7 +97,18 @@ export class PickerMenu<T> {
         return words.every((word) => haystack.includes(word))
       })
       .slice(0, this.limit)
-    this.selected = changed ? 0 : Math.min(this.selected, Math.max(0, this.matches.length - 1))
+    if (changed) {
+      this.selected = 0
+    } else {
+      const preserved = previous === undefined
+        ? -1
+        : previousKey === null || previousKey === undefined
+          ? this.matches.indexOf(previous)
+          : this.matches.findIndex((item) => this.options.key?.(item) === previousKey)
+      this.selected = preserved >= 0
+        ? preserved
+        : Math.min(this.selected, Math.max(0, this.matches.length - 1))
+    }
     this.render()
   }
 
@@ -125,9 +153,16 @@ export class PickerMenu<T> {
     }
     for (const [index, item] of this.matches.entries()) {
       const selected = index === this.selected
+      const rendered = this.options.render(item, selected)
+      const content = typeof rendered === "string"
+        ? `${selected ? "›" : " "} ${rendered}`
+        : new StyledText([
+            chunk(`${selected ? "›" : " "} `, selected ? this.theme.text : this.theme.muted),
+            ...rendered,
+          ])
       this.root.add(new TextRenderable(this.renderer, {
         id: `${this.options.id}-${index}`,
-        content: `${selected ? "›" : " "} ${this.options.render(item)}`,
+        content,
         width: "100%",
         height: 1,
         wrapMode: "none",
@@ -161,3 +196,11 @@ export class PickerMenu<T> {
     }
   }
 }
+
+function chunk(text: string, color: string): TextChunk {
+  return {
+    __isChunk: true,
+    text,
+    fg: RGBA.fromHex(color),
+  }
+}

tui/src/protocol.test.ts

@@ -595,6 +595,62 @@ describe("gateway protocol", () => {
     }
   })
 
+  test("sends stale-safe recovery mutations and validates their response", async () => {
+    const original = globalThis.WebSocket
+    let socket: FakeSocket | undefined
+    Object.defineProperty(globalThis, "WebSocket", {
+      configurable: true,
+      value: class extends FakeSocket {
+        constructor() {
+          super()
+          socket = this
+        }
+      },
+    })
+
+    try {
+      const statuses: string[] = []
+      const client = new NanobotClient({
+        url: "ws://nanobot.test/ws",
+        onEvent: () => undefined,
+        onStatus: (status, detail) => statuses.push(`${status}:${detail || ""}`),
+      })
+      client.connect()
+      if (!socket) throw new Error("socket was not created")
+
+      const result = client.updateRecovery("continue", "chat", "recovery-1")
+      const request = JSON.parse(socket.sent.at(-1) || "{}") as {
+        request_id: string
+        action: string
+        payload: Record<string, string>
+      }
+      expect(request).toMatchObject({
+        type: "webui_request",
+        action: "recovery.continue",
+        payload: { chat_id: "chat", recovery_id: "recovery-1" },
+      })
+      socket.emit("message", { data: JSON.stringify({
+        event: "webui_response",
+        request_id: request.request_id,
+        ok: true,
+        result: { status: "resuming", recovery_id: "recovery-1", attempts: 1 },
+      }) })
+      expect(await result).toEqual({
+        status: "resuming",
+        recovery_id: "recovery-1",
+        attempts: 1,
+      })
+      expect(statuses).not.toContain("error:gateway sent an invalid event")
+
+      const interrupted = client.updateRecovery("dismiss", "chat", "recovery-2")
+      socket.emit("close")
+      await expect(interrupted).rejects.toThrow("gateway connection closed")
+      client.close()
+    } finally {
+      Object.defineProperty(globalThis, "WebSocket", { configurable: true, value: original })
+    }
+  })
+
   test("reports when the bounded history snapshot omits earlier turns", async () => {
     const original = globalThis.fetch
     let requested = ""

tui/src/protocol.ts

@@ -29,14 +29,14 @@ export interface FileEditEvent {
   diff?: FileDiff
 }
 
-export interface FileDiff {
+interface FileDiff {
   format: "unified" | string
   context?: number
   truncated?: boolean
   text?: string
 }
 
-export interface MediaAttachment {
+interface MediaAttachment {
   kind: "image" | "video" | "file"
   url: string
   name?: string
@@ -54,6 +54,16 @@ export interface RuntimeControls {
   canUseFullAccess: boolean
 }
 
+export type RecoveryStatus = "resuming" | "awaiting_user" | "recovered" | "failed"
+
+export interface RecoveryState {
+  status: RecoveryStatus
+  recovery_id: string
+  reason?: string
+  attempts?: number
+  can_continue?: boolean
+}
+
 export type InboundEvent =
   | { event: "ready"; chat_id: string; client_id: string }
   | {
@@ -61,6 +71,7 @@ export type InboundEvent =
       chat_id: string
       model_preset?: string | null
       usage?: TokenUsage
+      recovery_state?: RecoveryState
     }
   | {
       event: "message_accepted"
@@ -118,6 +129,7 @@ export type InboundEvent =
       turn_id?: string
     }
   | { event: "goal_state"; chat_id: string; goal_state: Record<string, unknown> }
+  | ({ event: "recovery_state"; chat_id: string } & RecoveryState)
   | {
       event: "session_updated"
       chat_id: string
@@ -139,6 +151,12 @@ type OutboundEvent =
   | { type: "fork_chat"; source_chat_id: string; before_user_index: number; title?: string }
   | { type: "attach"; chat_id: string }
   | { type: "set_workspace_scope"; chat_id: string; workspace_scope: WorkspaceScopePayload }
+  | {
+      type: "webui_request"
+      request_id: string
+      action: string
+      payload: Record<string, unknown>
+    }
   | {
       type: "message"
       chat_id: string
@@ -225,7 +243,7 @@ export interface SessionContextSnapshot {
   lastUsage: TokenUsage | null
 }
 
-export interface SessionMention {
+interface SessionMention {
   name: string
   session_key: string
   title?: string
@@ -271,6 +289,7 @@ export interface SessionSummary {
   updatedAt: string | null
   runStartedAt: number | null
   modelPreset: string | null
+  recoveryState?: RecoveryState | null
   workspaceScope?: WorkspaceScopePayload | null
   pinned: boolean
   archived: boolean
@@ -297,6 +316,7 @@ const CHAT_EVENTS = new Set([
   "turn_end",
   "goal_status",
   "goal_state",
+  "recovery_state",
   "session_updated",
   "turn_model_updated",
   "error",
@@ -377,6 +397,34 @@ function isWorkspaceScope(value: unknown): value is WorkspaceScopePayload {
     && optional(value.restrict_to_workspace, "boolean")
 }
 
+function isRecoveryState(value: unknown): value is RecoveryState {
+  return isRecord(value)
+    && ["resuming", "awaiting_user", "recovered", "failed"].includes(String(value.status))
+    && typeof value.recovery_id === "string"
+    && optional(value.reason, "string")
+    && optional(value.attempts, "number")
+    && optional(value.can_continue, "boolean")
+}
+
+interface WebUIResponseEvent {
+  event: "webui_response"
+  request_id: string
+  ok: boolean
+  result?: unknown
+  error?: { status: number; message: string }
+}
+
+function decodeWebUIResponse(value: unknown): WebUIResponseEvent | null | undefined {
+  if (!isRecord(value) || value.event !== "webui_response") return undefined
+  if (typeof value.request_id !== "string" || typeof value.ok !== "boolean") return null
+  if (value.ok) return value as unknown as WebUIResponseEvent
+  return isRecord(value.error)
+    && typeof value.error.status === "number"
+    && typeof value.error.message === "string"
+    ? value as unknown as WebUIResponseEvent
+    : null
+}
+
 function decodeInboundEvent(value: unknown): InboundEvent | null | undefined {
   if (!isRecord(value)) return null
   const record = value
@@ -407,7 +455,8 @@ function decodeInboundEvent(value: unknown): InboundEvent | null | undefined {
     && ((record.model_preset !== undefined
       && record.model_preset !== null
       && typeof record.model_preset !== "string")
-      || (record.usage !== undefined && !isTokenUsage(record.usage)))
+      || (record.usage !== undefined && !isTokenUsage(record.usage))
+      || (record.recovery_state !== undefined && !isRecoveryState(record.recovery_state)))
   ) return null
   if (
     ["user_message", "message", "delta", "reasoning_delta"].includes(name)
@@ -452,6 +501,7 @@ function decodeInboundEvent(value: unknown): InboundEvent | null | undefined {
   ) return null
   if (name === "goal_status" && record.status !== "running" && record.status !== "idle") return null
   if (name === "goal_state" && !isRecord(record.goal_state)) return null
+  if (name === "recovery_state" && !isRecoveryState(record)) return null
   if (
     name === "session_updated"
     && (!optional(record.scope, "string")
@@ -700,6 +750,9 @@ export async function fetchSessions(
       modelPreset: typeof value.model_preset === "string" && value.model_preset.trim()
         ? value.model_preset.trim()
         : null,
+      ...(isRecoveryState(value.recovery_state)
+        ? { recoveryState: value.recovery_state }
+        : {}),
       ...(isWorkspaceScope(value.workspace_scope) ? { workspaceScope: value.workspace_scope } : {}),
       pinned: pinned.has(value.key),
       archived: archived.has(value.key),
@@ -855,6 +908,11 @@ export class NanobotClient {
   private closedByClient = false
   private opening = false
   private connectedOnce = false
+  private readonly pendingMutations = new Map<string, {
+    resolve: (value: unknown) => void
+    reject: (error: Error) => void
+    timer: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout>
+  }>()
 
   constructor(private readonly options: ClientOptions) {}
 
@@ -916,6 +974,7 @@ export class NanobotClient {
     socket.addEventListener("close", () => {
       if (this.socket !== socket) return
       this.socket = null
+      this.rejectPendingMutations("gateway connection closed")
       if (this.closedByClient) {
         this.options.onStatus("closed")
         return
@@ -931,6 +990,7 @@ export class NanobotClient {
     const socket = this.socket
     this.socket = null
     socket?.close()
+    this.rejectPendingMutations("gateway connection closed")
   }
 
   send(content: string, options: MessageOptions = {}): string {
@@ -975,6 +1035,63 @@ export class NanobotClient {
     this.write({ type: "set_workspace_scope", chat_id: this.chatId, workspace_scope: scope })
   }
 
+  updateRecovery(
+    action: "continue" | "dismiss",
+    chatId: string,
+    recoveryId: string,
+  ): Promise<RecoveryState> {
+    return this.requestMutation<unknown>(`recovery.${action}`, {
+      chat_id: chatId,
+      recovery_id: recoveryId,
+    }).then((result) => {
+      if (!isRecoveryState(result)) throw new Error("gateway returned an invalid recovery state")
+      return result
+    })
+  }
+
+  private requestMutation<T>(
+    action: string,
+    payload: Record<string, unknown> = {},
+    timeoutMs = 20_000,
+  ): Promise<T> {
+    if (!this.socket || this.socket.readyState !== WebSocket.OPEN) {
+      return Promise.reject(new Error("gateway connection is not open"))
+    }
+    const requestId = crypto.randomUUID()
+    const frame = JSON.stringify({
+      type: "webui_request",
+      request_id: requestId,
+      action,
+      payload,
+    } satisfies OutboundEvent)
+    return new Promise<T>((resolve, reject) => {
+      const timer = setTimeout(() => {
+        this.pendingMutations.delete(requestId)
+        reject(new Error(`gateway request timed out after ${timeoutMs}ms`))
+      }, timeoutMs)
+      this.pendingMutations.set(requestId, {
+        resolve: (value) => resolve(value as T),
+        reject,
+        timer,
+      })
+      try {
+        this.socket?.send(frame)
+      } catch {
+        clearTimeout(timer)
+        this.pendingMutations.delete(requestId)
+        reject(new Error("could not send gateway request"))
+      }
+    })
+  }
+
+  private rejectPendingMutations(message: string): void {
+    for (const pending of this.pendingMutations.values()) {
+      clearTimeout(pending.timer)
+      pending.reject(new Error(message))
+    }
+    this.pendingMutations.clear()
+  }
+
   private handleMessage(raw: string): void {
     let value: unknown
     try {
@@ -983,6 +1100,20 @@ export class NanobotClient {
       this.options.onStatus("error", "gateway sent invalid JSON")
       return
     }
+    const response = decodeWebUIResponse(value)
+    if (response === null) {
+      this.options.onStatus("error", "gateway sent an invalid event")
+      return
+    }
+    if (response) {
+      const pending = this.pendingMutations.get(response.request_id)
+      if (!pending) return
+      clearTimeout(pending.timer)
+      this.pendingMutations.delete(response.request_id)
+      if (response.ok) pending.resolve(response.result)
+      else pending.reject(new Error(response.error?.message || "gateway request failed"))
+      return
+    }
     const event = decodeInboundEvent(value)
     if (event === undefined) return
     if (event === null) {

tui/src/recovery-notice.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+import {
+  BoxRenderable,
+  RGBA,
+  StyledText,
+  TextAttributes,
+  TextRenderable,
+  type CliRenderer,
+  type TextChunk,
+} from "@opentui/core"
+
+import type { RecoveryState } from "./protocol"
+
+export interface RecoveryNoticeTheme {
+  text: string
+  muted: string
+  border: string
+  accent: string
+  warning: string
+  error: string
+}
+
+interface RecoveryNoticeOptions {
+  onContinue: () => void
+  onDismiss: () => void
+}
+
+/** A quiet action surface for a gateway-owned interrupted turn. */
+export class RecoveryNotice {
+  readonly root: BoxRenderable
+  private readonly title: TextRenderable
+  private readonly detail: TextRenderable
+  private readonly dismiss: TextRenderable
+  private readonly resume: TextRenderable
+  private state: RecoveryState | null = null
+  private busy = false
+
+  constructor(
+    renderer: CliRenderer,
+    private theme: RecoveryNoticeTheme,
+    options: RecoveryNoticeOptions,
+  ) {
+    this.root = new BoxRenderable(renderer, {
+      id: "nanobot-tui-recovery-notice",
+      width: "100%",
+      height: 4,
+      flexShrink: 0,
+      flexDirection: "column",
+      border: true,
+      borderStyle: "rounded",
+      borderColor: theme.border,
+      paddingLeft: 1,
+      paddingRight: 1,
+      visible: false,
+      backgroundColor: RGBA.defaultBackground(),
+    })
+    const header = new BoxRenderable(renderer, {
+      id: "nanobot-tui-recovery-header",
+      width: "100%",
+      height: 1,
+      flexDirection: "row",
+      alignItems: "center",
+      gap: 2,
+    })
+    this.title = new TextRenderable(renderer, {
+      id: "nanobot-tui-recovery-title",
+      width: "auto",
+      minWidth: 0,
+      flexGrow: 1,
+      height: 1,
+      truncate: true,
+      selectable: false,
+    })
+    this.detail = new TextRenderable(renderer, {
+      id: "nanobot-tui-recovery-detail",
+      width: "100%",
+      height: 1,
+      truncate: true,
+      selectable: false,
+    })
+    this.dismiss = this.action(renderer, "dismiss", "Dismiss", options.onDismiss)
+    this.resume = this.action(renderer, "continue", "Continue", options.onContinue, true)
+    header.add(this.title)
+    header.add(this.dismiss)
+    header.add(this.resume)
+    this.root.add(header)
+    this.root.add(this.detail)
+  }
+
+  get visible(): boolean {
+    return this.root.visible
+  }
+
+  show(state: RecoveryState): void {
+    this.state = state
+    this.busy = false
+    this.root.visible = true
+    this.render()
+  }
+
+  hide(): void {
+    this.state = null
+    this.busy = false
+    this.root.visible = false
+  }
+
+  setBusy(busy: boolean): void {
+    this.busy = busy
+    if (this.visible) this.render()
+  }
+
+  setTheme(theme: RecoveryNoticeTheme): void {
+    this.theme = theme
+    this.root.borderColor = theme.border
+    if (this.visible) this.render()
+  }
+
+  private action(
+    renderer: CliRenderer,
+    id: string,
+    label: string,
+    callback: () => void,
+    primary = false,
+  ): TextRenderable {
+    return new TextRenderable(renderer, {
+      id: `nanobot-tui-recovery-${id}`,
+      content: label,
+      width: label.length,
+      height: 1,
+      flexShrink: 0,
+      selectable: false,
+      onMouseOver: () => {
+        if (this.busy) return
+        const target = primary ? this.resume : this.dismiss
+        target.attributes = TextAttributes.BOLD | TextAttributes.UNDERLINE
+      },
+      onMouseOut: () => this.render(),
+      onMouseDown: (event) => {
+        if (event.button !== 0 || this.busy) return
+        event.preventDefault()
+        event.stopPropagation()
+        renderer.clearSelection()
+        callback()
+      },
+    })
+  }
+
+  private render(): void {
+    if (!this.state) return
+    const failed = this.state.status === "failed"
+    const contextUnavailable = this.state.can_continue === false
+    const title = failed ? "Recovery failed" : "Task interrupted"
+    const detail = failed
+      ? "Review the saved task before continuing."
+      : contextUnavailable
+        ? "This task can’t be resumed safely. Dismiss to start a new message."
+        : "Review the saved context. Tools will not replay automatically."
+    this.title.content = new StyledText([
+      chunk("⚠ ", failed ? this.theme.error : this.theme.warning),
+      chunk(title, this.theme.text, true),
+    ])
+    this.detail.content = new StyledText([chunk(`  ${detail}`, this.theme.muted)])
+    this.dismiss.fg = RGBA.fromHex(this.busy ? this.theme.muted : this.theme.text)
+    this.resume.visible = !contextUnavailable
+    this.resume.fg = RGBA.fromHex(this.busy ? this.theme.muted : this.theme.accent)
+    this.dismiss.attributes = 0
+    this.resume.attributes = TextAttributes.BOLD
+  }
+}
+
+function chunk(text: string, color: string, bold = false): TextChunk {
+  return {
+    __isChunk: true,
+    text,
+    fg: RGBA.fromHex(color),
+    attributes: bold ? TextAttributes.BOLD : 0,
+  }
+}

tui/src/session-menu.test.ts

@@ -24,6 +24,11 @@ const sessions: SessionSummary[] = [
     updatedAt: "2026-08-12T10:00:00Z",
     runStartedAt: null,
     modelPreset: null,
+    recoveryState: {
+      status: "awaiting_user",
+      recovery_id: "recovery-two",
+      reason: "tool execution interrupted",
+    },
     pinned: false,
     archived: false,
   },
@@ -43,17 +48,21 @@ describe("SessionMenu", () => {
       text: "#FFFFFF",
       muted: "#999999",
       border: "#555555",
+      accent: "#FF8A33",
+      warning: "#F5C451",
     })
     setup.renderer.root.add(menu.root)
-    menu.open(sessions, "one", 6)
+    menu.open(sessions, "one", 6, "Codex")
     await setup.renderOnce()
 
     expect(setup.captureCharFrame()).toContain("› ● API migration")
+    expect(setup.captureCharFrame()).not.toContain("Move authentication")
+    expect(setup.captureCharFrame()).not.toContain("Codex")
     expect(menu.choose()?.chatId).toBe("one")
 
     menu.update("release stable", 6)
     await setup.renderOnce()
-    expect(setup.captureCharFrame()).toContain("Release checklist")
+    expect(setup.captureCharFrame()).toContain("⚠ Release checklist")
     expect(menu.choose()?.chatId).toBe("two")
   })
 
@@ -63,12 +72,80 @@ describe("SessionMenu", () => {
     )
   })
 
+  test("animates running sessions and marks completed background sessions unread", async () => {
+    setup = await createTestRenderer({ width: 80, height: 18, screenMode: "alternate-screen" })
+    const menu = new SessionMenu(setup.renderer, {
+      text: "#FFFFFF",
+      muted: "#999999",
+      border: "#555555",
+      accent: "#FF8A33",
+      warning: "#F5C451",
+    })
+    setup.renderer.root.add(menu.root)
+    const running = {
+      ...sessions[0]!,
+      chatId: "running",
+      title: "Background task",
+      runStartedAt: Date.now(),
+      pinned: false,
+    }
+
+    menu.open([sessions[0]!, running], "one", 6)
+    await setup.renderOnce()
+    expect(setup.captureCharFrame()).toMatch(/[⠋⠙⠹⠸⠼⠴⠦⠧⠇⠏] Background task/u)
+
+    menu.replace([{ ...sessions[0]! }, { ...running, runStartedAt: null }], "one")
+    await setup.renderOnce()
+    expect(setup.captureCharFrame()).toContain("• Background task")
+
+    menu.markRead("running")
+    menu.replace([{ ...sessions[0]! }, { ...running, runStartedAt: null }], "running")
+    await setup.renderOnce()
+    expect(setup.captureCharFrame()).toContain("● Background task")
+    menu.hide()
+  })
+
+  test("prioritizes actionable sessions without moving keyboard selection on refresh", async () => {
+    setup = await createTestRenderer({ width: 80, height: 18, screenMode: "alternate-screen" })
+    const menu = new SessionMenu(setup.renderer, {
+      text: "#FFFFFF",
+      muted: "#999999",
+      border: "#555555",
+      accent: "#FF8A33",
+      warning: "#F5C451",
+    })
+    setup.renderer.root.add(menu.root)
+    const running = {
+      ...sessions[0]!,
+      chatId: "running",
+      title: "Background task",
+      runStartedAt: Date.now(),
+      pinned: false,
+    }
+
+    const idle = { ...sessions[1]!, recoveryState: null }
+    menu.open([sessions[0]!, running, idle], "one", 6)
+    expect(menu.choose()?.chatId).toBe("one")
+    expect(menu.move(1)).toBe(true)
+    expect(menu.choose()?.chatId).toBe("running")
+
+    menu.replace([sessions[0]!, running, sessions[1]!], "one")
+    await setup.renderOnce()
+
+    expect(menu.choose()?.chatId).toBe("running")
+    const frame = setup.captureCharFrame()
+    expect(frame.indexOf("Release checklist")).toBeLessThan(frame.indexOf("Background task"))
+    menu.hide()
+  })
+
   test("keeps keyboard selection when the pointer stays over the previous row", async () => {
     setup = await createTestRenderer({ width: 80, height: 18, screenMode: "alternate-screen" })
     const menu = new SessionMenu(setup.renderer, {
       text: "#FFFFFF",
       muted: "#999999",
       border: "#555555",
+      accent: "#FF8A33",
+      warning: "#F5C451",
     })
     setup.renderer.root.add(menu.root)
     menu.open(sessions, "one", 6)
@@ -97,6 +174,8 @@ describe("SessionMenu", () => {
       text: "#FFFFFF",
       muted: "#999999",
       border: "#555555",
+      accent: "#FF8A33",
+      warning: "#F5C451",
     })
     setup.renderer.root.add(menu.root)
     const scoped = sessions.map((session) => ({
@@ -154,4 +233,31 @@ describe("SessionMenu", () => {
     expect(duplicates).toContain("frontend/nanobot")
     expect(duplicates).toContain("backend/nanobot")
   })
+
+  test("shows only model overrides and keeps previews searchable", async () => {
+    setup = await createTestRenderer({ width: 80, height: 18, screenMode: "alternate-screen" })
+    const menu = new SessionMenu(setup.renderer, {
+      text: "#FFFFFF",
+      muted: "#999999",
+      border: "#555555",
+      accent: "#FF8A33",
+      warning: "#F5C451",
+    })
+    setup.renderer.root.add(menu.root)
+
+    menu.open(sessions, "one", 6, "Codex")
+    await setup.renderOnce()
+    const frame = setup.captureCharFrame()
+    expect(frame).not.toContain("Codex")
+    expect(frame).not.toContain("Prepare the stable release")
+
+    menu.update("prepare stable", 6)
+    await setup.renderOnce()
+    expect(menu.choose()?.chatId).toBe("two")
+
+    menu.replace([{ ...sessions[1]!, modelPreset: "Deep Research" }], "one", "Codex")
+    await setup.renderOnce()
+    expect(setup.captureCharFrame()).toContain("Deep Research")
+    menu.hide()
+  })
 })

tui/src/session-menu.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
-import { type BoxRenderable, type CliRenderer } from "@opentui/core"
+import { RGBA, type BoxRenderable, type CliRenderer, type TextChunk } from "@opentui/core"
 
 import { PickerMenu, type PickerMenuTheme } from "./picker-menu"
 import type { SessionSummary } from "./protocol"
 
-type SessionMenuRow = SessionSummary & { active: boolean }
+type SessionMenuRow = SessionSummary & { active: boolean; unread: boolean }
+
+const SPINNER_FRAMES = ["⠋", "⠙", "⠹", "⠸", "⠼", "⠴", "⠦", "⠧", "⠇", "⠏"]
 
 export function sessionLabel(session: SessionSummary): string {
   const label = session.title.trim() || session.preview.trim() || "Untitled chat"
@@ -27,14 +29,24 @@ export class SessionMenu {
   private readonly picker: PickerMenu<SessionMenuRow>
   private readonly workspaceLabels = new Map<string, string>()
   private showWorkspaces = false
+  private spinnerFrame = 0
+  private spinnerTimer: ReturnType<typeof setInterval> | null = null
+  private rows: SessionMenuRow[] = []
+  private defaultModelPreset = ""
+  private readonly snapshots = new Map<string, {
+    preview: string
+    runStartedAt: number | null
+  }>()
+  private readonly unreadChatIds = new Set<string>()
 
   constructor(
     renderer: CliRenderer,
-    theme: PickerMenuTheme,
+    private theme: PickerMenuTheme,
     onSelect?: (session: SessionSummary) => void,
   ) {
     this.picker = new PickerMenu<SessionMenuRow>(renderer, theme, {
       id: "nanobot-tui-session-menu",
+      key: (session) => session.chatId,
       searchText: (session) => [
         sessionLabel(session),
         session.modelPreset || "",
@@ -42,20 +54,27 @@ export class SessionMenu {
         session.chatId,
         session.workspaceScope?.project_name || "",
         session.workspaceScope?.project_path || "",
+        session.recoveryState?.status || "",
+        session.recoveryState?.reason || "",
       ].join(" "),
-      render: (session) => {
+      render: (session, selected) => {
         const age = updatedLabel(session.updatedAt)
-        const preview = session.preview.trim()
         const detail = [
           this.showWorkspaces ? this.workspaceLabel(session) : "",
-          session.modelPreset,
+          this.modelOverride(session),
-          age,
-          preview && preview !== sessionLabel(session) ? preview : "",
         ]
           .filter(Boolean)
           .join(" · ")
-        const marker = session.active ? "● " : session.pinned ? "◆ " : session.archived ? "◇ " : ""
+        const marker = this.marker(session)
-        return `${marker}${sessionLabel(session)}${detail ? `  ${detail}` : ""}`
+        const foreground = this.interrupted(session)
+          ? this.theme.warning || this.theme.accent || this.theme.text
+          : selected ? this.theme.text : this.theme.muted
+        return [
+          ...(marker ? [chunk(`${marker.text} `, marker.color)] : []),
+          chunk(sessionLabel(session), foreground),
+          ...(detail ? [chunk(`  ${detail}`, this.theme.muted)] : []),
+          ...(age ? [chunk(`  ${age}`, this.theme.muted)] : []),
+        ]
       },
       emptyText: "No matching sessions",
       onSelect,
@@ -67,16 +86,51 @@ export class SessionMenu {
     return this.picker.visible
   }
 
-  open(sessions: SessionSummary[], currentChatId: string, limit: number): void {
+  open(
+    sessions: SessionSummary[],
+    currentChatId: string,
+    limit: number,
+    defaultModelPreset = "",
+  ): void {
+    this.defaultModelPreset = defaultModelPreset
+    this.observe(sessions, currentChatId)
+    this.rows = this.prepareRows(sessions, currentChatId)
+    this.picker.show(this.rows, "", limit)
+    this.syncSpinner()
+  }
+
+  replace(
+    sessions: SessionSummary[],
+    currentChatId: string,
+    defaultModelPreset = this.defaultModelPreset,
+  ): void {
+    this.defaultModelPreset = defaultModelPreset
+    this.observe(sessions, currentChatId)
+    this.rows = this.prepareRows(sessions, currentChatId)
+    this.picker.replace(this.rows)
+    this.syncSpinner()
+  }
+
+  markRead(chatId: string): void {
+    this.unreadChatIds.delete(chatId)
+  }
+
+  private prepareRows(sessions: SessionSummary[], currentChatId: string): SessionMenuRow[] {
     this.prepareWorkspaceLabels(sessions)
-    const rows = sessions
+    return sessions
-      .map((session) => ({ ...session, active: session.chatId === currentChatId }))
+      .map((session) => ({
+        ...session,
+        active: session.chatId === currentChatId,
+        unread: this.unreadChatIds.has(session.chatId),
+      }))
       .sort((left, right) => {
         return Number(right.active) - Number(left.active)
+          || sessionPriority(right) - sessionPriority(left)
           || Number(right.pinned) - Number(left.pinned)
           || Number(left.archived) - Number(right.archived)
+          || timestamp(right.updatedAt) - timestamp(left.updatedAt)
+          || sessionLabel(left).localeCompare(sessionLabel(right))
       })
-    this.picker.show(rows, "", limit)
   }
 
   update(query: string, limit: number): void {
@@ -92,13 +146,84 @@ export class SessionMenu {
   }
 
   hide(): void {
+    this.stopSpinner()
+    this.rows = []
     this.picker.hide()
   }
 
   setTheme(theme: PickerMenuTheme): void {
+    this.theme = theme
     this.picker.setTheme(theme)
   }
 
+  private marker(session: SessionMenuRow): { text: string; color: string } | null {
+    if (this.interrupted(session)) {
+      return {
+        text: "⚠",
+        color: this.theme.warning || this.theme.accent || this.theme.text,
+      }
+    }
+    if (session.runStartedAt !== null) {
+      return {
+        text: SPINNER_FRAMES[this.spinnerFrame % SPINNER_FRAMES.length] || SPINNER_FRAMES[0]!,
+        color: this.theme.accent || this.theme.text,
+      }
+    }
+    if (session.active) return { text: "●", color: this.theme.text }
+    if (session.unread) return { text: "•", color: this.theme.accent || this.theme.text }
+    if (session.pinned) return { text: "◆", color: this.theme.muted }
+    if (session.archived) return { text: "◇", color: this.theme.muted }
+    return null
+  }
+
+  private interrupted(session: SessionMenuRow): boolean {
+    return session.recoveryState?.status === "awaiting_user"
+      || session.recoveryState?.status === "failed"
+  }
+
+  private observe(sessions: SessionSummary[], currentChatId: string): void {
+    const present = new Set<string>()
+    for (const session of sessions) {
+      present.add(session.chatId)
+      const previous = this.snapshots.get(session.chatId)
+      const active = session.chatId === currentChatId
+      const completed = previous !== undefined
+        && previous.runStartedAt !== null
+        && session.runStartedAt === null
+      const receivedContent = previous !== undefined && previous.preview !== session.preview
+      if (active) this.unreadChatIds.delete(session.chatId)
+      else if (completed || receivedContent) this.unreadChatIds.add(session.chatId)
+      this.snapshots.set(session.chatId, {
+        preview: session.preview,
+        runStartedAt: session.runStartedAt,
+      })
+    }
+    for (const chatId of this.snapshots.keys()) {
+      if (present.has(chatId)) continue
+      this.snapshots.delete(chatId)
+      this.unreadChatIds.delete(chatId)
+    }
+  }
+
+  private syncSpinner(): void {
+    if (!this.visible || !this.rows.some((session) => session.runStartedAt !== null)) {
+      this.stopSpinner()
+      return
+    }
+    if (this.spinnerTimer) return
+    this.spinnerTimer = setInterval(() => {
+      this.spinnerFrame = (this.spinnerFrame + 1) % SPINNER_FRAMES.length
+      this.picker.redraw()
+    }, 90)
+    ;(this.spinnerTimer as unknown as { unref?: () => void }).unref?.()
+  }
+
+  private stopSpinner(): void {
+    if (this.spinnerTimer) clearInterval(this.spinnerTimer)
+    this.spinnerTimer = null
+    this.spinnerFrame = 0
+  }
+
   private prepareWorkspaceLabels(sessions: SessionSummary[]): void {
     this.workspaceLabels.clear()
     const scopes = sessions.flatMap((session) => {
@@ -122,6 +247,19 @@ export class SessionMenu {
   private workspaceLabel(session: SessionSummary): string {
     return this.workspaceLabels.get(normalizeWorkspacePath(session.workspaceScope?.project_path)) || ""
   }
+
+  private modelOverride(session: SessionSummary): string {
+    const preset = session.modelPreset?.trim() || ""
+    return preset && preset !== this.defaultModelPreset ? preset : ""
+  }
+}
+
+function chunk(text: string, color: string): TextChunk {
+  return {
+    __isChunk: true,
+    text,
+    fg: RGBA.fromHex(color),
+  }
 }
 
 function normalizeWorkspacePath(value: string | undefined): string {
@@ -136,3 +274,16 @@ function shortPath(path: string): string {
   const parts = path.split("/").filter(Boolean)
   return parts.slice(-2).join("/") || path
 }
+
+function sessionPriority(session: SessionMenuRow): number {
+  if (session.recoveryState?.status === "awaiting_user"
+    || session.recoveryState?.status === "failed") return 3
+  if (session.runStartedAt !== null) return 2
+  return session.unread ? 1 : 0
+}
+
+function timestamp(value: string | null): number {
+  if (!value) return 0
+  const parsed = Date.parse(value)
+  return Number.isNaN(parsed) ? 0 : parsed
+}

webui/src/App.tsx

@@ -1274,6 +1274,15 @@ function Shell({
   }, [activeKey, activeTabKey, activeTabState]);
   const runningChatIdList = useMemo(() => Array.from(runningChatIds), [runningChatIds]);
   const updatedChatIdList = useMemo(() => Array.from(updatedChatIds), [updatedChatIds]);
+  const recoveryChatIdList = useMemo(
+    () => sessions
+      .filter((session) => (
+        session.recoveryState?.status === "awaiting_user"
+        || session.recoveryState?.status === "failed"
+      ))
+      .map((session) => session.chatId),
+    [sessions],
+  );
   const activeChatId = activePaneSession?.chatId ?? null;
   useEffect(() => {
     activeChatIdRef.current = activeChatId;
@@ -2552,6 +2561,7 @@ function Shell({
     collapsedGroups: sidebarState.collapsed_groups,
     runningChatIds: runningChatIdList,
     updatedChatIds: updatedChatIdList,
+    recoveryChatIds: recoveryChatIdList,
     viewState: { ...sidebarState.view, sort: automaticSidebarSort },
     showArchived: sidebarState.view.show_archived,
     archivedCount: sidebarArchivedTabKeys.length,

webui/src/channel-plugins/i18n.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import type { TFunction } from "i18next";
 
-export type ChannelFieldMessages = {
+type ChannelFieldMessages = {
   label: string;
   placeholder?: string;
   help?: string;

webui/src/components/ChatList.tsx

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import type { CSSProperties, MouseEvent as ReactMouseEvent, ReactElement } from
 import {
   Archive,
   ArchiveRestore,
+  AlertTriangle,
   ChevronDown,
   Folder,
   FolderTree,
@@ -50,7 +51,7 @@ import {
 } from "@/components/ui/tooltip";
 import { MAX_WORKBENCH_PANES } from "@/components/workbench/workbench-model";
 import { SIDEBAR_SELECTION_ITEM_CLASS } from "@/components/SidebarSelectionHighlight";
-import { deriveTitle, relativeTime, visibleSessionPreview } from "@/lib/format";
+import { relativeTime, visibleSessionPreview } from "@/lib/format";
 import {
   COLLAPSED_CHATS_VISIBLE_COUNT,
   displayTitle,
@@ -260,6 +261,7 @@ interface ChatListProps {
   collapsedGroups?: Record<string, boolean>;
   runningChatIds?: string[];
   updatedChatIds?: string[];
+  recoveryChatIds?: string[];
   density?: SidebarDensity;
   showPreviews?: boolean;
   showTimestamps?: boolean;
@@ -302,6 +304,7 @@ export const ChatList = memo(function ChatList({
   collapsedGroups = {},
   runningChatIds = [],
   updatedChatIds = [],
+  recoveryChatIds = [],
   density = "comfortable",
   showPreviews = false,
   showTimestamps = false,
@@ -558,6 +561,7 @@ export const ChatList = memo(function ChatList({
 
   const running = new Set(runningChatIds);
   const updated = new Set(updatedChatIds);
+  const recovery = new Set(recoveryChatIds);
   const compact = density === "compact";
   const firstProjectGroupIndex = limitedGroups.findIndex((group) => group.kind === "project");
   const selectableDeleteKeys = Array.from(new Set(limitedGroups.flatMap((group) => (
@@ -881,6 +885,7 @@ export const ChatList = memo(function ChatList({
                                   compact={compact}
                                   running={running}
                                   updated={updated}
+                                  recovery={recovery}
                                   onSelectPane={onSelectPane}
                                   onRequestDelete={onRequestDelete}
                                   onRequestRename={onRequestRename}
@@ -906,14 +911,6 @@ export const ChatList = memo(function ChatList({
                       );
                     }
 
-                    const fallbackTitle = t("chat.fallbackTitle", {
-                      id: s.chatId.slice(0, 6),
-                    });
-                    const generatedTitle = s.title?.trim() || "";
-                    const tooltipTitle =
-                      titleOverrides[s.key]?.trim() ||
-                      generatedTitle ||
-                      deriveTitle(s.preview, fallbackTitle);
                     const isPinned = pinned.has(s.key);
                     const isArchived = archived.has(s.key);
                     const preview = visibleSessionPreview(s.preview);
@@ -923,6 +920,8 @@ export const ChatList = memo(function ChatList({
                       : "";
                     const activityState = running.has(s.chatId)
                       ? "running"
+                      : recovery.has(s.chatId)
+                        ? "recovery"
                         : updated.has(s.chatId) && !topicActive
                           ? "updated"
                           : null;
@@ -959,7 +958,6 @@ export const ChatList = memo(function ChatList({
                               && "bg-sidebar-accent/55 text-sidebar-accent-foreground",
                           )}
                         >
-                          <SidebarItemTooltip label={tooltipTitle}>
                           <button
                               type="button"
                               onClick={(event) => {
@@ -1030,7 +1028,6 @@ export const ChatList = memo(function ChatList({
                                 ) : null}
                               </span>
                           </button>
-                          </SidebarItemTooltip>
                           <SessionActivityIndicator state={activityState} />
                           {!deleteSelectionMode ? (
                             <DropdownMenu
@@ -1340,6 +1337,7 @@ function ActivePaneRows({
   compact,
   running,
   updated,
+  recovery,
   onSelectPane,
   onRequestDelete,
   onRequestRename,
@@ -1364,6 +1362,7 @@ function ActivePaneRows({
   compact: boolean;
   running: ReadonlySet<string>;
   updated: ReadonlySet<string>;
+  recovery: ReadonlySet<string>;
   onSelectPane?: (tabKey: string, paneKey: string) => void;
   onRequestDelete: (key: string, label: string) => void;
   onRequestRename: (key: string, label: string) => void;
@@ -1400,6 +1399,8 @@ function ActivePaneRows({
         const active = tabActive && pane.key === group.activePaneKey;
         const activityState = running.has(pane.chatId)
           ? "running"
+          : recovery.has(pane.chatId)
+            ? "recovery"
             : updated.has(pane.chatId) && !active
               ? "updated"
               : null;
@@ -1434,9 +1435,6 @@ function ActivePaneRows({
                 deleteSelectionMode && selected
                   && "bg-sidebar-accent/55 text-sidebar-accent-foreground",
               )}
-            >
-              <SidebarItemTooltip
-                label={pane.handle ? `@${pane.handle.name} · ${pane.title}` : pane.title}
             >
               <button
                   type="button"
@@ -1475,7 +1473,6 @@ function ActivePaneRows({
                     <SidebarSelectionTrack active={active} handle={pane.handle} />
                   </span>
               </button>
-              </SidebarItemTooltip>
               <SessionActivityIndicator state={activityState} />
               {!deleteSelectionMode ? <DropdownMenu
                 modal={false}
@@ -1652,7 +1649,6 @@ function TemporaryChatSection({
                     : "text-sidebar-foreground/82 hover:bg-sidebar-foreground/[0.035] hover:text-sidebar-foreground dark:hover:bg-white/[0.05]",
                 )}
               >
-                <SidebarItemTooltip label={title}>
                 <button
                     type="button"
                     onClick={() => onSelect(session.key)}
@@ -1667,7 +1663,6 @@ function TemporaryChatSection({
                       {title}
                     </span>
                 </button>
-                </SidebarItemTooltip>
                 <SessionActivityIndicator state={running.has(session.chatId) ? "running" : null} />
                 {onClose ? (
                   <button
@@ -1868,10 +1863,27 @@ function ChatsFoldFooter({
 function SessionActivityIndicator({
   state,
 }: {
-  state: "running" | "updated" | null;
+  state: "running" | "updated" | "recovery" | null;
 }) {
   const { t } = useTranslation();
 
+  if (state === "recovery") {
+    const label = t("chat.activity.recovery", {
+      defaultValue: "This conversation needs your attention",
+    });
+    return (
+      <SidebarItemTooltip label={label}>
+        <span
+          role="img"
+          aria-label={label}
+          className="grid h-4 w-4 shrink-0 place-items-center text-[#ff8a3d]"
+        >
+          <AlertTriangle className="h-3.5 w-3.5" strokeWidth={2} aria-hidden />
+        </span>
+      </SidebarItemTooltip>
+    );
+  }
+
   if (state === "running") {
     const label = t("chat.activity.running");
     return (

webui/src/components/CliAppMentionText.tsx

@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ export function CapabilityMentionToken({
   return <SessionMentionToken mention={segment.mention} label={segment.text} variant={variant} />;
 }
 
-export function SessionMentionToken({
+function SessionMentionToken({
   mention,
   label,
   variant,
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ export function SessionMentionToken({
   );
 }
 
-export function CliAppMentionToken({
+function CliAppMentionToken({
   app,
   label,
   variant,
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ export function CliAppMentionToken({
   );
 }
 
-export function McpPresetMentionToken({
+function McpPresetMentionToken({
   preset,
   label,
   variant,

webui/src/components/FileReferenceChip.tsx

@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ export function splitFilePath(path: string): { directory: string; name: string }
   };
 }
 
-export function fileKindForPath(path: string): FileReferenceKind {
+function fileKindForPath(path: string): FileReferenceKind {
   const normalized = path.toLowerCase();
   const name = normalized.split(/[\\/]/).pop() ?? normalized;
   const ext = name.includes(".") ? name.split(".").pop() ?? "" : "";
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ export function fileKindForPath(path: string): FileReferenceKind {
   }
 }
 
-export function FileReferenceIcon({ kind }: { kind: FileReferenceKind }) {
+function FileReferenceIcon({ kind }: { kind: FileReferenceKind }) {
   if (kind === "python") {
     return (
       <svg

webui/src/components/MessageBubble.tsx

@@ -34,7 +34,11 @@ import {
 } from "@/components/ui/tooltip";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/utils";
 import { copyTextToClipboard } from "@/lib/clipboard";
-import { fmtDateTime, formatMessageEndTime } from "@/lib/format";
+import {
+  fmtDateTime,
+  formatCompactTokenCount,
+  formatMessageEndTime,
+} from "@/lib/format";
 import { toMediaAttachment } from "@/lib/media";
 import { matchingSlashCommand } from "@/lib/slash-command";
 import { sessionHandleColor } from "@/lib/session-handle";
@@ -50,6 +54,7 @@ import type {
   UIMessage,
   MessageDeliveryErrorKind,
   MessageDeliveryStatus,
+  TurnUsage,
 } from "@/lib/types";
 
 interface MessageBubbleProps {
@@ -176,6 +181,71 @@ function MessageCopyButton({ content }: { content: string }) {
   );
 }
 
+function compactDuration(milliseconds: number): string {
+  const seconds = milliseconds / 1_000;
+  if (seconds < 10) return `${seconds.toFixed(1)}s`;
+  if (seconds < 60) return `${Math.round(seconds)}s`;
+  const minutes = Math.floor(seconds / 60);
+  return `${minutes}m ${Math.round(seconds % 60)}s`;
+}
+
+function TurnUsageMeta({
+  usage,
+  latencyMs,
+}: {
+  usage: TurnUsage;
+  latencyMs?: number;
+}) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
+  const prompt = usage.prompt_tokens;
+  const completion = usage.completion_tokens;
+  const approximate = (usage.estimated_tokens ?? 0) > 0 ? "~" : "";
+  const parts: string[] = [];
+  if (typeof prompt === "number") parts.push(`${approximate}${formatCompactTokenCount(prompt)} in`);
+  if (typeof completion === "number") parts.push(`${approximate}${formatCompactTokenCount(completion)} out`);
+  if (
+    typeof usage.cached_tokens === "number"
+    && typeof prompt === "number"
+    && prompt > 0
+  ) {
+    parts.push(`${Math.round(Math.min(1, usage.cached_tokens / prompt) * 100)}% cached`);
+  }
+  if (typeof latencyMs === "number" && latencyMs >= 0) parts.push(compactDuration(latencyMs));
+  if (parts.length === 0) return null;
+
+  const details: string[] = [];
+  if (approximate) {
+    details.push(t("message.usage.estimated", { defaultValue: "Includes estimated usage" }));
+  }
+  const usageMeta = (
+    <span
+      data-turn-usage
+      tabIndex={details.length ? 0 : undefined}
+      className={cn(
+        "text-[11px] leading-none text-muted-foreground/70 tabular-nums",
+        details.length && "cursor-help",
+      )}
+    >
+      {parts.join(" · ")}
+    </span>
+  );
+
+  if (details.length === 0) return usageMeta;
+
+  return (
+    <Tooltip>
+      <TooltipTrigger asChild>{usageMeta}</TooltipTrigger>
+      <TooltipContent
+        side="top"
+        align="start"
+        className="max-w-96 whitespace-nowrap"
+      >
+        {details.join(" · ")}
+      </TooltipContent>
+    </Tooltip>
+  );
+}
+
 function deliveryErrorCopy(
   kind: MessageDeliveryErrorKind | undefined,
   t: (key: string) => string,
@@ -479,7 +549,9 @@ export function MessageBubble({
     && (!empty || hasReasoning || media.length > 0);
   const assistantTimestampTitle = showAssistantTimestamp ? fmtDateTime(assistantTimestamp) : "";
   const showAutomationTrigger = showAssistantTimestamp && automationSourceLabel.length > 0;
-  const showAssistantFooterRow = showCopyButton || showForkButton || showAssistantTimestamp;
+  const showUsage = message.role === "assistant" && !!message.usage && !message.isStreaming;
+  const showAssistantFooterRow =
+    showCopyButton || showForkButton || showAssistantTimestamp || showUsage;
   const showAssistantFooterSlot =
     message.role === "assistant"
     && (!empty || hasReasoning || media.length > 0);
@@ -545,6 +617,12 @@ export function MessageBubble({
                 <TooltipContent side="top" align="center">{forkLabel}</TooltipContent>
               </Tooltip>
             ) : null}
+            {showUsage ? (
+              <TurnUsageMeta
+                usage={message.usage!}
+                latencyMs={message.latencyMs}
+              />
+            ) : null}
             {showAssistantTimestamp ? (
               <MessageTimestamp
                 {...(showCompletedAt ? { "data-assistant-completed-at": true } : {})}
@@ -576,7 +654,6 @@ function UserQuotedContext({ text, label }: { text: string; label: string }) {
         "border border-border/60 bg-muted/35 px-3 py-2 text-left text-muted-foreground",
       )}
       aria-label={label}
-      title={text}
     >
       <Quote className="mt-0.5 h-3.5 w-3.5 shrink-0" aria-hidden />
       <p className="min-w-0 line-clamp-3 whitespace-pre-wrap text-[13px]/[1.45] [overflow-wrap:anywhere]">
@@ -890,7 +967,7 @@ interface ReasoningBubbleProps {
   hasBodyBelow: boolean;
 }
 
-export function ReasoningBubble({
+function ReasoningBubble({
   text,
   streaming,
   hasBodyBelow,
@@ -916,7 +993,7 @@ interface TraceGroupProps {
  * collapsed because tool traces are supporting evidence, not the answer.
  * A single click expands the exact calls when the user wants details.
  */
-export function TraceGroup({ message }: TraceGroupProps) {
+function TraceGroup({ message }: TraceGroupProps) {
   const { t } = useTranslation();
   const lines = message.traces ?? [message.content];
   const count = lines.length;

webui/src/components/Sidebar.tsx

@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@ interface SidebarProps {
   collapsedGroups?: Record<string, boolean>;
   runningChatIds?: string[];
   updatedChatIds?: string[];
+  recoveryChatIds?: string[];
   viewState?: SidebarViewState;
   showArchived?: boolean;
   archivedCount?: number;
@@ -270,6 +271,7 @@ export function Sidebar(props: SidebarProps) {
             collapsedGroups={props.collapsedGroups}
             runningChatIds={props.runningChatIds}
             updatedChatIds={props.updatedChatIds}
+            recoveryChatIds={props.recoveryChatIds}
             density={props.viewState?.density}
             showPreviews={props.viewState?.show_previews}
             showTimestamps={props.viewState?.show_timestamps}

webui/src/components/settings/channels/ChannelIdentity.tsx

@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ export function ChannelLogo({
   );
 }
 
-export function channelDisplayName(feature: NanobotFeatureInfo): string {
+function channelDisplayName(feature: NanobotFeatureInfo): string {
   return channelUiPresentation(feature.name, feature.webui)?.displayName ?? feature.display_name;
 }
 

webui/src/components/settings/channels/ChannelSetupParts.tsx

@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ export function ChannelSetupLinks({
   );
 }
 
-export function ChannelOfficialLink({
+function ChannelOfficialLink({
   feature,
   setup,
 }: {

webui/src/components/settings/channels/CredentialForm.tsx

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import { Input } from "@/components/ui/input";
 import type { ChannelConfigField } from "@/components/settings/channels/catalog";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/utils";
 
-export function channelFieldValue(field: ChannelConfigField, values: Record<string, string>): string {
+function channelFieldValue(field: ChannelConfigField, values: Record<string, string>): string {
   return values[field.key] ?? field.defaultValue ?? field.options?.[0]?.value ?? "";
 }
 

webui/src/components/settings/channels/catalog.ts

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ export type ChannelSetupPresentation = {
   presets?: ChannelProviderPreset[];
 };
 
-export type ChannelCatalogSetupPresentation = {
+type ChannelCatalogSetupPresentation = {
   mode?: "webui" | "credentials" | "connect";
   command?: string;
   docsUrl?: string;
@@ -38,15 +38,15 @@ export type ChannelCatalogSetupPresentation = {
   presets?: ChannelProviderPresetDefinition[];
 };
 
-export type ChannelFieldPresentation = {
+type ChannelFieldPresentation = {
   key: string;
 };
 
-export type ChannelSetupActionDefinition = Omit<ChannelSetupAction, "label">;
+type ChannelSetupActionDefinition = Omit<ChannelSetupAction, "label">;
 
 export type ChannelProviderPresetDefinition = Omit<ChannelProviderPreset, "label">;
 
-export type ChannelSetupAction = {
+type ChannelSetupAction = {
   id: string;
   label: string;
   url?: string;
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ export type ChannelConfigField = {
   options?: ChannelConfigOption[];
 };
 
-export type ChannelConfigOption = {
+type ChannelConfigOption = {
   value: string;
   label: string;
 };

webui/src/components/settings/contracts.ts

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ export type SettingsSectionKey =
   | "runtime"
   | "advanced";
 
-export type PendingRestartSection = "runtime" | "browser" | "image";
+type PendingRestartSection = "runtime" | "browser" | "image";
 export type PendingRestartSections = Record<PendingRestartSection, boolean>;
 
 export type RestartAwarePayload = {

webui/src/components/settings/overview/OverviewSettings.tsx

@@ -421,6 +421,37 @@ export function AppearanceSettings({
               label={localPrefs.brandLogos ? tx("settings.values.on", "On") : tx("settings.values.off", "Off")}
             />
           </SettingsRow>
+          <SettingsRow
+            title={tx("settings.rows.browserNotifications", "Task notifications")}
+            description={tx(
+              "settings.help.browserNotifications",
+              "Notify only when this page is in the background. Off by default.",
+            )}
+          >
+            <ToggleButton
+              checked={localPrefs.browserNotifications}
+              onChange={(enabled) => {
+                if (!enabled) {
+                  onChangeLocalPrefs((prev) => ({ ...prev, browserNotifications: false }));
+                  return;
+                }
+                if (typeof Notification === "undefined") return;
+                if (Notification.permission === "granted") {
+                  onChangeLocalPrefs((prev) => ({ ...prev, browserNotifications: true }));
+                  return;
+                }
+                void Notification.requestPermission().then((permission) => {
+                  if (permission === "granted") {
+                    onChangeLocalPrefs((prev) => ({ ...prev, browserNotifications: true }));
+                  }
+                });
+              }}
+              ariaLabel={tx("settings.rows.browserNotifications", "Task notifications")}
+              label={localPrefs.browserNotifications
+                ? tx("settings.values.on", "On")
+                : tx("settings.values.off", "Off")}
+            />
+          </SettingsRow>
         </SettingsGroup>
       </section>
     </div>

webui/src/components/thread/AgentActivityCluster.tsx

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import {
 } from "lucide-react";
 import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 
+import { MarkdownText } from "@/components/MarkdownText";
 import { cliAppInitials, mcpPresetInitials } from "@/components/CliAppMentionText";
 import { ActivityStep } from "@/components/thread/activity/ActivityStep";
 import { coalesceActivityMessages } from "@/components/thread/activity/activity-message-model";
@@ -50,11 +51,12 @@ import type { CliAppInfo, McpPresetInfo, ToolProgressEvent, UIFileEdit, UIMessag
 
 const ACTIVITY_SCROLL_NEAR_BOTTOM_PX = 24;
 
-export { isAgentActivityMember, isReasoningOnlyAssistant };
+export { isAgentActivityMember };
 
 interface ActivityCounts {
   reasoningSteps: number;
   toolCalls: number;
+  modelSegments: number;
   cliCount: number;
   mcpCount: number;
   fileCount: number;
@@ -91,9 +93,14 @@ function countActivity(
 ): ActivityCounts {
   let reasoningSteps = 0;
   let toolCalls = 0;
+  let modelSegments = 0;
   const cliCount = cliRuns.length;
   const mcpCount = mcpRuns.length;
   for (const m of messages) {
+    if (m.activityKind === "model") {
+      modelSegments += 1;
+      continue;
+    }
     if (isReasoningOnlyAssistant(m)) {
       reasoningSteps += 1;
       continue;
@@ -110,6 +117,7 @@ function countActivity(
   return {
     reasoningSteps,
     toolCalls,
+    modelSegments,
     cliCount,
     mcpCount,
     fileCount: fileEdits.length,
@@ -131,8 +139,8 @@ interface AgentActivityClusterProps {
 }
 
 /**
- * Outer fold wrapping interleaved reasoning-only assistant rows and tool-trace rows.
+ * One fold wrapping the complete middle of a turn: reasoning, model segments,
- * Fixed max height with inner scroll and a single flat list of activity rows.
+ * tool traces, and file edits. The final assistant answer stays outside it.
  */
 export function AgentActivityCluster({
   messages,
@@ -165,6 +173,7 @@ export function AgentActivityCluster({
   const {
     reasoningSteps,
     toolCalls,
+    modelSegments,
     cliCount,
     mcpCount,
     fileCount,
@@ -186,9 +195,8 @@ export function AgentActivityCluster({
     ? outerOpenLocal
     : isTurnStreaming || completionHoldOpen || (wasTurnStreaming && !isTurnStreaming);
 
-  const hasVisibleActivity = reasoningSteps > 0 || toolCalls > 0 || cliCount > 0 || mcpCount > 0 || fileCount > 0;
+  const hasVisibleActivity = reasoningSteps > 0 || toolCalls > 0 || modelSegments > 0 || cliCount > 0 || mcpCount > 0 || fileCount > 0;
   const hasOnlyFileActivity = fileCount > 0 && activityMessages.every(messageHasOnlyFileActivity);
-  const hasNonReasoningActivity = toolCalls > 0 || cliCount > 0 || mcpCount > 0 || fileCount > 0;
   const durationMs = activityDurationMs(
     activityMessages,
     isTurnStreaming,
@@ -197,8 +205,7 @@ export function AgentActivityCluster({
     startedAtMs,
   );
   const activityDuration = formatActivityDuration(durationMs);
-  const thoughtLabel = hasNonReasoningActivity
+  const activityLabel = isTurnStreaming
-    ? isTurnStreaming
     ? t("message.activityWorkingFor", {
         duration: activityDuration,
         defaultValue: "Working for {{duration}}",
@@ -208,17 +215,6 @@ export function AgentActivityCluster({
       : t("message.activityWorkedFor", {
           duration: activityDuration,
           defaultValue: "Worked for {{duration}}",
-        })
-    : isTurnStreaming
-      ? t("message.activityThinkingFor", {
-          duration: activityDuration,
-          defaultValue: "Thinking for {{duration}}",
-        })
-      : durationMs <= 0
-        ? t("message.activityThought", { defaultValue: "Thought" })
-      : t("message.activityThoughtFor", {
-          duration: activityDuration,
-          defaultValue: "Thought for {{duration}}",
         });
 
   const cancelActivityScrollFrame = useCallback(() => {
@@ -338,7 +334,7 @@ export function AgentActivityCluster({
       <ThinkingReasoningShell
         active={isTurnStreaming}
         expanded={outerExpanded}
-        label={thoughtLabel}
+        label={activityLabel}
         viewportRef={activityScrollRef}
         contentRef={activityContentRef}
         fadeTop={activityScrollFade.top}
@@ -352,6 +348,7 @@ export function AgentActivityCluster({
           active={isTurnStreaming}
           cliAppsByName={cliAppsByName}
           mcpPresetsByName={mcpPresetsByName}
+          onOpenFilePreview={onOpenFilePreview}
         />
         {fileEdits.length ? (
           <FileEditGroup
@@ -417,15 +414,28 @@ function ActivityMessageTimeline({
   active,
   cliAppsByName,
   mcpPresetsByName,
+  onOpenFilePreview,
 }: {
   messages: UIMessage[];
   active: boolean;
   cliAppsByName: Map<string, CliAppInfo>;
   mcpPresetsByName: Map<string, McpPresetInfo>;
+  onOpenFilePreview?: (path: string) => void;
 }) {
   const items: ReactNode[] = [];
 
   messages.forEach((message, index) => {
+    if (message.activityKind === "model") {
+      items.push(
+        <ActivityModelMessage
+          key={message.id}
+          message={message}
+          active={active}
+          onOpenFilePreview={onOpenFilePreview}
+        />,
+      );
+      return;
+    }
     if (isReasoningOnlyAssistant(message)) {
       items.push(
         <ReasoningRow
@@ -451,6 +461,40 @@ function ActivityMessageTimeline({
   return <>{items}</>;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Keep an intermediate assistant segment as normal Markdown. The activity
+ * surface owns ordering and lifecycle, not a reduced rendering mode: users
+ * should see the same prose, links, and code treatment before and after the
+ * surrounding turn is folded.
+ */
+function ActivityModelMessage({
+  message,
+  active,
+  onOpenFilePreview,
+}: {
+  message: UIMessage;
+  active: boolean;
+  onOpenFilePreview?: (path: string) => void;
+}) {
+  if (!message.content.trim()) return null;
+  return (
+    <div
+      data-testid="activity-model-message"
+      data-assistant-selectable={active && message.isStreaming ? undefined : "true"}
+      className="w-full min-w-0 py-1 text-[15px]"
+      style={{ lineHeight: "var(--cjk-line-height)" }}
+    >
+      <MarkdownText
+        streaming={active && !!message.isStreaming}
+        preserveStreamingLayout
+        onOpenFilePreview={onOpenFilePreview}
+      >
+        {message.content}
+      </MarkdownText>
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+
 function ActivityTraceList({
   lines,
   active,

webui/src/components/thread/ModelPresetBadge.tsx

@@ -6,37 +6,27 @@ import {
   type KeyboardEvent,
   type PointerEvent,
 } from "react";
-import { CircleHelp, Sparkles } from "lucide-react";
+import { Check, CircleHelp, Sparkles } from "lucide-react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 
 import {
-  Tooltip,
+  floatingItemClassName,
-  TooltipContent,
+  floatingItemFocusClassName,
-  TooltipProvider,
+} from "@/components/ui/floating-surface";
-  TooltipTrigger,
+import { Popover, PopoverContent, PopoverTrigger } from "@/components/ui/popover";
-} from "@/components/ui/tooltip";
 import { useLogoFallback } from "@/hooks/useLogoFallback";
 import { inferProviderFromModelName, providerBrand } from "@/lib/provider-brand";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/utils";
 
-export interface ModelPresetOption {
+const pickerWidthClassName = "w-[min(18rem,calc(100vw-2rem))]";
-  name: string;
+const LONG_PRESS_MS = 400;
-  model?: string | null;
+const PRESS_SLOP_PX = 8;
-  provider?: string | null;
+const PILL_GAP_PX = 4;
-}
+const PILL_OFFSETS = [-2, -1, 0, 1, 2] as const;
-
+const HANDOFF_THRESHOLD = 0.56;
-interface ModelPresetBadgeProps {
+const DOCK_MAX_SCALE = 1.08;
-  label: string;
+const DOCK_RADIUS = 1.5;
-  modelDetail?: string | null;
+const SETTLE_MS = 200;
-  modelPreset?: string | null;
-  modelPresets?: ModelPresetOption[];
-  onPresetChange?: (name: string) => void;
-  provider?: string | null;
-  providerLabel?: string | null;
-  needsSetup?: boolean;
-  fallbackModelName?: string | null;
-  isHero: boolean;
-  onClick?: () => void;
-}
 
 interface PresetGesture {
   active: boolean;
@@ -55,15 +45,6 @@ interface PresetMotion {
   settling: boolean;
 }
 
-const LONG_PRESS_MS = 400;
-const PRESS_SLOP_PX = 8;
-const PILL_GAP_PX = 4;
-const PILL_OFFSETS = [-2, -1, 0, 1, 2] as const;
-const HANDOFF_THRESHOLD = 0.56;
-const DOCK_MAX_SCALE = 1.08;
-const DOCK_RADIUS = 1.5;
-const SETTLE_MS = 180;
-
 function wrapIndex(index: number, length: number): number {
   return ((index % length) + length) % length;
 }
@@ -86,12 +67,40 @@ function preventTouchScroll(event: TouchEvent) {
   if (event.cancelable) event.preventDefault();
 }
 
+function compactModelName(model?: string | null): string | null {
+  const value = model?.trim();
+  if (!value) return null;
+  return value.split("/").at(-1) || value;
+}
+
+export interface ModelPresetOption {
+  name: string;
+  model?: string | null;
+  provider?: string | null;
+}
+
+interface ModelPresetBadgeProps {
+  label: string;
+  modelDetail?: string | null;
+  modelPreset?: string | null;
+  modelPresets?: ModelPresetOption[];
+  onPresetChange?: (name: string) => void;
+  onRequestComposerFocus?: () => void;
+  provider?: string | null;
+  providerLabel?: string | null;
+  needsSetup?: boolean;
+  fallbackModelName?: string | null;
+  isHero: boolean;
+  onClick?: () => void;
+}
+
 export function ModelPresetBadge({
   label,
   modelDetail,
   modelPreset,
   modelPresets = [],
   onPresetChange,
+  onRequestComposerFocus,
   provider,
   providerLabel,
   needsSetup = false,
@@ -99,6 +108,12 @@ export function ModelPresetBadge({
   isHero,
   onClick,
 }: ModelPresetBadgeProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
+  const [open, setOpen] = useState(false);
+  const [motion, setMotion] = useState<PresetMotion | null>(null);
+  const [motionWidth, setMotionWidth] = useState<number | null>(null);
+  const gestureRef = useRef<PresetGesture | null>(null);
+  const suppressClickRef = useRef(false);
   const activeName = modelPreset?.trim() || "";
   const listedIndex = modelPresets.findIndex((preset) => preset.name === activeName);
   const activePreset: ModelPresetOption = {
@@ -107,97 +122,78 @@ export function ModelPresetBadge({
     model: modelDetail ?? modelPresets[listedIndex]?.model,
     provider: provider || modelPresets[listedIndex]?.provider,
   };
+  const fallbackPreset = fallbackModelName
+    ? modelPresets.find((preset) => preset.model?.trim() === fallbackModelName.trim())
+    : undefined;
+  const fallbackDisplayLabel = fallbackPreset?.name
+    || fallbackModelName?.trim().split(/[/:]/).pop()
+    || null;
+  const displayLabel = fallbackDisplayLabel || label;
+  const displayModelDetail = fallbackPreset
+    ? fallbackPreset.model
+    : fallbackModelName
+      ? null
+      : modelDetail;
+  const displayProvider = fallbackPreset?.provider
+    || (fallbackModelName ? inferProviderFromModelName(fallbackModelName) : provider);
   const presets = !activeName
     ? modelPresets
     : listedIndex < 0
       ? [activePreset, ...modelPresets]
       : modelPresets.map((preset, index) => index === listedIndex ? activePreset : preset);
-  const interactive = Boolean(onClick);
+  const opensSetup = Boolean(onClick);
-  const canSwitch = !interactive && Boolean(onPresetChange) && activeName !== "" && presets.length > 1;
+  const canSwitch = !opensSetup && Boolean(onPresetChange) && activeName !== "" && presets.length > 1;
   const currentIndex = Math.max(0, presets.findIndex((preset) => preset.name === activeName));
   const pillHeight = isHero ? 32 : 36;
   const pillStride = pillHeight + PILL_GAP_PX;
-  const [motion, setMotion] = useState<PresetMotion | null>(null);
+  const switchModelLabel = t("thread.composer.switchModel", {
-  const gestureRef = useRef<PresetGesture | null>(null);
+    defaultValue: "Switch model for this chat",
-  const clickAnimationFrameRef = useRef<number | null>(null);
+  });
-  const suppressClickRef = useRef(false);
-  const suppressClickTimerRef = useRef<number | null>(null);
 
-  function clearGesture() {
+  const selectPreset = (name: string) => {
+    setOpen(false);
+    if (name !== activeName) onPresetChange?.(name);
+    requestAnimationFrame(() => onRequestComposerFocus?.());
+  };
+
+  const clearGesture = () => {
     const gesture = gestureRef.current;
     if (gesture?.timer) clearTimeout(gesture.timer);
     if (gesture?.active) gesture.target.removeEventListener("touchmove", preventTouchScroll);
     gestureRef.current = null;
-  }
+  };
+
+  const clearMotion = () => {
+    setMotion(null);
+    setMotionWidth(null);
+  };
 
   useEffect(() => {
     if (!canSwitch) {
       clearGesture();
-      setMotion(null);
+      clearMotion();
     }
-    return () => {
+    return clearGesture;
-      clearGesture();
-      if (clickAnimationFrameRef.current !== null) {
-        window.cancelAnimationFrame(clickAnimationFrameRef.current);
-        clickAnimationFrameRef.current = null;
-      }
-      if (suppressClickTimerRef.current !== null) {
-        window.clearTimeout(suppressClickTimerRef.current);
-        suppressClickTimerRef.current = null;
-      }
-    };
   }, [canSwitch]);
 
   useEffect(() => {
     if (!motion?.settling) return;
-    const timer = setTimeout(() => setMotion(null), SETTLE_MS + 80);
+    const timer = setTimeout(clearMotion, SETTLE_MS + 80);
     return () => clearTimeout(timer);
   }, [motion?.settling]);
 
-  function updateMotion(gesture: PresetGesture, clientY: number) {
+  const updateMotion = (gesture: PresetGesture, clientY: number) => {
     const raw = -(clientY - gesture.startY) / pillStride;
     gesture.step = stepWithHysteresis(raw, gesture.step);
-    setMotion({ index: gesture.baseIndex + gesture.step, remainder: raw - gesture.step, settling: false });
+    setMotion({
-  }
+      index: gesture.baseIndex + gesture.step,
-
+      remainder: raw - gesture.step,
-  function suppressFollowingClick() {
+      settling: false,
-    suppressClickRef.current = true;
-    if (suppressClickTimerRef.current !== null) {
-      window.clearTimeout(suppressClickTimerRef.current);
-    }
-    suppressClickTimerRef.current = window.setTimeout(() => {
-      suppressClickRef.current = false;
-      suppressClickTimerRef.current = null;
-    }, 0);
-  }
-
-  function cycleToNextPreset() {
-    if (!canSwitch || motion) return;
-    const nextVirtualIndex = currentIndex + 1;
-    const next = presets[wrapIndex(nextVirtualIndex, presets.length)];
-    if (!next || next.name === activeName) return;
-
-    // Mount the same five-pill track one step before its destination, then
-    // settle it into place so clicks share the drag interaction's motion.
-    setMotion({ index: nextVirtualIndex, remainder: -1, settling: false });
-    clickAnimationFrameRef.current = window.requestAnimationFrame(() => {
-      clickAnimationFrameRef.current = null;
-      setMotion({ index: nextVirtualIndex, remainder: 0, settling: true });
-      onPresetChange?.(next.name);
     });
-  }
+  };
 
-  function handleClick() {
+  const handlePointerDown = (event: PointerEvent<HTMLButtonElement>) => {
-    if (interactive) {
+    if (!canSwitch || gestureRef.current || motion) return;
-      onClick?.();
-      return;
-    }
-    if (suppressClickRef.current) return;
-    cycleToNextPreset();
-  }
-
-  function handlePointerDown(event: PointerEvent<HTMLElement>) {
-    if (!canSwitch || gestureRef.current || motion || event.isPrimary === false) return;
     if (event.pointerType === "mouse" && event.button !== 0) return;
     const gesture: PresetGesture = {
       active: false,
@@ -212,16 +208,19 @@ export function ModelPresetBadge({
     gesture.timer = setTimeout(() => {
       if (gestureRef.current !== gesture) return;
       gesture.active = true;
+      setMotionWidth(Math.round(gesture.target.getBoundingClientRect().width) || null);
       updateMotion(gesture, gesture.latestY);
       gesture.target.addEventListener("touchmove", preventTouchScroll, { passive: false });
       try {
         gesture.target.setPointerCapture(gesture.pointerId);
-      } catch { /* The pointer may already have ended. */ }
+      } catch {
+        // The pointer may already have ended.
+      }
     }, LONG_PRESS_MS);
     gestureRef.current = gesture;
-  }
+  };
 
-  function handlePointerMove(event: PointerEvent<HTMLElement>) {
+  const handlePointerMove = (event: PointerEvent<HTMLButtonElement>) => {
     const gesture = gestureRef.current;
     if (!gesture || gesture.pointerId !== event.pointerId) return;
     gesture.latestY = event.clientY;
@@ -231,27 +230,26 @@ export function ModelPresetBadge({
     }
     event.preventDefault();
     updateMotion(gesture, event.clientY);
-  }
+  };
 
-  function finishGesture(event: PointerEvent<HTMLElement>, commit: boolean) {
+  const finishGesture = (event: PointerEvent<HTMLButtonElement>, commit: boolean) => {
     const gesture = gestureRef.current;
     if (!gesture || gesture.pointerId !== event.pointerId) return;
     clearGesture();
     if (event.currentTarget.hasPointerCapture?.(gesture.pointerId)) {
       event.currentTarget.releasePointerCapture?.(gesture.pointerId);
     }
-    if (gesture.active) suppressFollowingClick();
     if (!commit || !gesture.active) {
-      setMotion(null);
+      clearMotion();
       return;
     }
+    suppressClickRef.current = true;
     const selected = presets[wrapIndex(gesture.baseIndex + gesture.step, presets.length)];
     setMotion((current) => current && { ...current, remainder: 0, settling: true });
-    if (selected && selected.name !== activeName) onPresetChange?.(selected.name);
+    if (selected && selected.name !== activeName) selectPreset(selected.name);
-  }
+  };
 
-  function handleKeyDown(event: KeyboardEvent<HTMLElement>) {
+  const handleKeyDown = (event: KeyboardEvent<HTMLButtonElement>) => {
-    if (!canSwitch) return;
     const targetByKey: Record<string, number> = {
       ArrowUp: currentIndex - 1,
       ArrowDown: currentIndex + 1,
@@ -262,31 +260,54 @@ export function ModelPresetBadge({
     if (target === undefined) return;
     event.preventDefault();
     const next = presets[wrapIndex(target, presets.length)];
-    if (next?.name !== activeName) onPresetChange?.(next.name);
+    if (next?.name !== activeName) selectPreset(next.name);
+  };
+
+  const pill = (
+    <PresetPill
+      label={displayLabel}
+      modelDetail={displayModelDetail}
+      provider={displayProvider}
+      providerLabel={fallbackModelName ? null : providerLabel}
+      needsSetup={needsSetup}
+      fallbackModelName={fallbackModelName}
+      fallbackFromLabel={fallbackModelName ? label : null}
+      isHero={isHero}
+    />
+  );
+
+  if (!canSwitch) {
+    const Container = opensSetup ? "button" : "span";
+    return (
+      <Container
+        aria-label={fallbackModelName ? `${displayLabel} (fallback from ${label})` : label}
+        type={opensSetup ? "button" : undefined}
+        onClick={opensSetup ? onClick : undefined}
+        className={cn(
+          "thread-composer-model-badge group inline-flex w-fit min-w-0 max-w-[min(18rem,44vw)] appearance-none border-0 bg-transparent p-0 shadow-none",
+          opensSetup && "cursor-pointer focus-visible:outline-none",
+          isHero ? "h-8" : "h-9",
+        )}
+      >
+        {pill}
+      </Container>
+    );
   }
 
-  const previewIndex = wrapIndex(motion?.index ?? currentIndex, presets.length);
+  return (
-  const previewPreset = presets[previewIndex];
+    <Popover
-  const Container = interactive || canSwitch ? "button" : "span";
+      open={open}
-  const trackOffset = motion ? -pillStride * (2 + motion.remainder) : 0;
+      onOpenChange={(nextOpen) => {
-  const tooltipLabel = fallbackModelName
+        setOpen(nextOpen);
-    || [...new Set([label, modelDetail, providerLabel].filter(Boolean))].join(" · ");
+        if (!nextOpen) requestAnimationFrame(() => onRequestComposerFocus?.());
-
+      }}
-  const badge = (
+    >
-    <Container
+      <PopoverTrigger asChild>
+        <button
+          type="button"
           data-switching={motion ? "true" : undefined}
-      data-settling={motion?.settling ? "true" : undefined}
           aria-label={label}
-      aria-orientation={canSwitch ? "vertical" : undefined}
+          aria-expanded={open}
-      aria-valuemax={canSwitch ? presets.length - 1 : undefined}
-      aria-valuemin={canSwitch ? 0 : undefined}
-      aria-valuenow={canSwitch ? previewIndex : undefined}
-      aria-valuetext={canSwitch ? previewPreset?.name || label : undefined}
-      role={canSwitch ? "spinbutton" : undefined}
-      tabIndex={!interactive && !canSwitch ? 0 : undefined}
-      type={interactive || canSwitch ? "button" : undefined}
-      onClick={interactive || canSwitch ? handleClick : undefined}
-      onKeyDown={handleKeyDown}
           onPointerDown={handlePointerDown}
           onPointerMove={handlePointerMove}
           onPointerLeave={(event) => {
@@ -300,29 +321,33 @@ export function ModelPresetBadge({
             if (gestureRef.current?.active) event.preventDefault();
           }}
           onDragStart={(event) => event.preventDefault()}
-      style={{ touchAction: canSwitch ? "manipulation" : undefined }}
+          onKeyDown={handleKeyDown}
+          onClickCapture={(event) => {
+            if (!suppressClickRef.current) return;
+            suppressClickRef.current = false;
+            event.preventDefault();
+            event.stopPropagation();
+          }}
+          style={{
+            touchAction: "manipulation",
+            width: motionWidth ? `${motionWidth}px` : undefined,
+          }}
           className={cn(
-        "thread-composer-model-badge group/model-badge relative inline-flex w-fit min-w-0 max-w-[min(18rem,44vw)] justify-end appearance-none border-0 bg-transparent p-0 shadow-none",
+            "thread-composer-model-badge group relative inline-flex w-fit min-w-0 max-w-[min(18rem,44vw)] cursor-pointer appearance-none border-0 bg-transparent p-0 shadow-none focus-visible:outline-none",
-        interactive && "cursor-pointer",
-        canSwitch && "cursor-grab select-none focus-visible:outline-none",
             motion && "z-10 cursor-grabbing",
+            !motion && "cursor-grab",
             isHero ? "h-8" : "h-9",
           )}
         >
-      <PresetPill
-        className={motion && "invisible"}
-        label={label}
-        modelDetail={modelDetail}
-        provider={provider}
-        needsSetup={needsSetup}
-        fallbackModelName={fallbackModelName}
-        isHero={isHero}
-      />
           {motion ? (
+            <>
+              <span data-testid="composer-model-pill-layout" className="invisible inline-flex h-full shrink-0" aria-hidden>
+                {pill}
+              </span>
               <span
                 data-testid="composer-model-pill-viewport"
                 className={cn(
-            "composer-model-pill-viewport pointer-events-none absolute right-0 w-max max-w-[calc(44vw+0.5rem)] overflow-hidden bg-transparent pl-2 sm:max-w-[18.5rem]",
+                  "composer-model-pill-viewport pointer-events-none absolute -left-2 right-0 overflow-hidden bg-transparent",
                   isHero ? "-bottom-2.5 -top-2.5" : "-bottom-3 -top-3",
                 )}
                 aria-hidden
@@ -330,73 +355,134 @@ export function ModelPresetBadge({
                 <span
                   data-testid="composer-model-pill-track"
                   data-settling={motion.settling ? "true" : undefined}
-            className="composer-model-pill-track ml-auto flex w-max max-w-full flex-col items-end gap-1 will-change-transform"
+                  className="composer-model-pill-track ml-auto flex w-[calc(100%-0.5rem)] flex-col items-end gap-1 will-change-transform"
                   onTransitionEnd={(event) => {
-              if (motion.settling && event.currentTarget === event.target) setMotion(null);
+                    if (motion.settling && event.currentTarget === event.target) clearMotion();
                   }}
                   style={{
                     paddingTop: isHero ? "10px" : "12px",
-              transform: `translate3d(0, ${trackOffset}px, 0)`,
+                    transform: `translate3d(0, ${-pillStride * (2 + motion.remainder)}px, 0)`,
                   }}
                 >
                   {PILL_OFFSETS.map((offset) => {
-              const virtualIndex = motion.index + offset;
+                    const preset = presets[wrapIndex(motion.index + offset, presets.length)];
-              const preset = presets[wrapIndex(virtualIndex, presets.length)];
-              const scale = motion.settling ? 1 : dockScale(offset - motion.remainder);
                     return (
                       <PresetPill
-                  key={virtualIndex}
+                        key={motion.index + offset}
                         label={preset.name}
                         modelDetail={preset.model}
                         provider={preset.provider}
                         isHero={isHero}
                         offset={offset}
-                  scale={scale}
+                        scale={motion.settling ? 1 : dockScale(offset - motion.remainder)}
                       />
                     );
                   })}
                 </span>
               </span>
-      ) : null}
+            </>
-    </Container>
+          ) : pill}
-  );
+        </button>
-
+      </PopoverTrigger>
-  if (!tooltipLabel) return badge;
+      <PopoverContent
-  return (
+        align="end"
-    <TooltipProvider delayDuration={500} skipDelayDuration={100}>
-      <Tooltip>
-        <TooltipTrigger asChild>{badge}</TooltipTrigger>
-        <TooltipContent
         side="top"
-          align="center"
+        sideOffset={10}
-          sideOffset={8}
+        role="dialog"
-          collisionPadding={12}
+        aria-label={switchModelLabel}
-          className="max-w-[min(24rem,calc(100vw-2rem))] break-all"
+        onOpenAutoFocus={(event) => {
+          event.preventDefault();
+          const content = event.currentTarget;
+          if (!(content instanceof HTMLElement)) return;
+          const selected = content.querySelector<HTMLElement>(
+            '[role="option"][aria-selected="true"]',
+          );
+          selected?.focus();
+        }}
+        className={cn(
+          pickerWidthClassName,
+          "origin-[var(--radix-popover-content-transform-origin)] p-1.5 data-[state=open]:animate-in data-[state=closed]:animate-out data-[state=closed]:fade-out-0 data-[state=open]:fade-in-0 data-[state=closed]:zoom-out-95 data-[state=open]:zoom-in-95 data-[state=closed]:slide-out-to-bottom-1 data-[state=open]:slide-in-from-bottom-1 duration-200 ease-out motion-reduce:animate-none",
+        )}
       >
-          {tooltipLabel}
+        <div
-        </TooltipContent>
+          role="listbox"
-      </Tooltip>
+          aria-label={switchModelLabel}
-    </TooltipProvider>
+          className="max-h-[min(16rem,var(--radix-popover-content-available-height))] overflow-y-auto py-1 scrollbar-thin scrollbar-track-transparent"
+        >
+          {presets.map((preset) => (
+            <PresetOption
+              key={preset.name}
+              preset={preset}
+              selected={preset.name === activeName}
+              onSelect={selectPreset}
+            />
+          ))}
+        </div>
+      </PopoverContent>
+    </Popover>
+  );
+}
+
+function PresetOption({
+  preset,
+  selected,
+  onSelect,
+}: {
+  preset: ModelPresetOption;
+  selected: boolean;
+  onSelect: (name: string) => void;
+}) {
+  const detail = compactModelName(preset.model);
+  return (
+    <button
+      type="button"
+      role="option"
+      aria-label={preset.name}
+      aria-selected={selected}
+      onClick={() => onSelect(preset.name)}
+      className={cn(
+        floatingItemClassName,
+        floatingItemFocusClassName,
+        "flex min-h-9 w-full cursor-pointer gap-2.5 px-2.5 py-1.5 text-left hover:bg-muted/55",
+        selected && "bg-muted/55 text-foreground",
+      )}
+    >
+      <PresetProviderIcon
+        label={preset.name}
+        modelDetail={detail}
+        provider={preset.provider}
+        isHero={false}
+      />
+      <span className="flex min-w-0 flex-1 items-baseline gap-1.5 overflow-hidden whitespace-nowrap">
+        <span className="shrink-0 text-[13px] font-medium text-foreground">{preset.name}</span>
+        {detail && detail !== preset.name ? (
+          <span className="truncate text-[12px] text-muted-foreground">{detail}</span>
+        ) : null}
+      </span>
+      {selected ? <Check className="h-4 w-4 shrink-0 text-foreground/80" aria-hidden /> : null}
+    </button>
   );
 }
 
 function PresetPill({
-  className,
   label,
   modelDetail,
   provider,
+  providerLabel,
   needsSetup = false,
   fallbackModelName,
+  fallbackFromLabel,
   isHero,
   offset,
   scale,
 }: {
-  className?: string | false | null;
   label: string;
   modelDetail?: string | null;
   provider?: string | null;
+  providerLabel?: string | null;
   needsSetup?: boolean;
   fallbackModelName?: string | null;
+  fallbackFromLabel?: string | null;
   isHero: boolean;
   offset?: number;
   scale?: number;
@@ -406,13 +492,10 @@ function PresetPill({
   const inferredProvider = needsSetup
     ? null
     : provider || inferProviderFromModelName(modelDetail || label);
-  const brand = providerBrand(inferredProvider);
+  const title = [...new Set([label, modelDetail, providerLabel].filter(Boolean))].join(" · ");
-  const { logoUrl, onLogoError, onLogoLoad } = useLogoFallback(brand?.logoUrls);
+  const fallbackTitle = fallbackModelName
-  const logoTestId = offset !== undefined
+    ? `${fallbackFromLabel || label} · using ${fallbackModelName}`
-    ? undefined
+    : title;
-    : needsSetup
-      ? "composer-model-setup-icon"
-      : `composer-model-logo${inferredProvider ? `-${inferredProvider}` : ""}`;
 
   useLayoutEffect(() => {
     const node = labelRef.current;
@@ -428,14 +511,14 @@ function PresetPill({
     <span
       data-fallback={fallbackModelName ? "true" : undefined}
       data-preset-offset={offset}
+      title={fallbackTitle || undefined}
       className={cn(
-        "composer-model-badge composer-model-pill inline-flex h-full w-fit max-w-full min-w-0 shrink-0 items-center rounded-full border border-border/55 bg-card font-medium text-foreground/70",
+        "composer-model-badge composer-model-pill inline-flex h-full max-w-full min-w-0 shrink-0 items-center rounded-full border border-border/55 bg-card font-medium text-foreground/70",
-        offset === undefined && "shadow-[0_2px_8px_rgba(15,23,42,0.045)]",
+        "w-fit",
-        "transition-[color,background-color,border-color,transform] duration-150 ease-out group-focus-visible/model-badge:ring-2 group-focus-visible/model-badge:ring-ring/45",
+        "transition-[color,background-color,border-color,transform] duration-150 ease-out group-focus-visible:ring-2 group-focus-visible:ring-ring/45",
         needsSetup && "border-amber-500/35 bg-amber-50/70 text-amber-900 dark:bg-amber-500/10 dark:text-amber-200",
         isHero ? "gap-1.5 px-2.5 text-[12px]" : "gap-2 px-3 text-[12.5px]",
         offset !== undefined && "composer-model-pill-dock",
-        className,
       )}
       style={scale === undefined ? undefined : {
         height: `${isHero ? 32 : 36}px`,
@@ -443,17 +526,55 @@ function PresetPill({
         zIndex: Math.round(scale * 100),
       }}
     >
+      <PresetProviderIcon
+        label={label}
+        modelDetail={modelDetail}
+        provider={inferredProvider}
+        needsSetup={needsSetup}
+        testId={needsSetup ? "composer-model-setup-icon" : `composer-model-logo${inferredProvider ? `-${inferredProvider}` : ""}`}
+        isHero={isHero}
+      />
       <span
-        data-testid={logoTestId}
+        ref={labelRef}
         className={cn(
-          "grid shrink-0 place-items-center overflow-hidden",
+          "thread-composer-model-label min-w-0 overflow-hidden whitespace-nowrap text-center",
-          needsSetup ? "text-amber-800 dark:text-amber-200" : "rounded-full border bg-background",
+          labelOverflows && "thread-composer-model-label-fade",
+        )}
+      >
+        {label}
+      </span>
+    </span>
+  );
+}
+
+function PresetProviderIcon({
+  label,
+  modelDetail,
+  provider,
+  needsSetup = false,
+  testId,
+  isHero,
+}: {
+  label: string;
+  modelDetail?: string | null;
+  provider?: string | null;
+  needsSetup?: boolean;
+  testId?: string;
+  isHero: boolean;
+}) {
+  const inferredProvider = needsSetup
+    ? null
+    : provider || inferProviderFromModelName(modelDetail || label);
+  const brand = providerBrand(inferredProvider);
+  const { logoUrl, onLogoError, onLogoLoad } = useLogoFallback(brand?.logoUrls);
+  return (
+    <span
+      data-testid={testId}
+      className={cn(
+        "grid shrink-0 place-items-center",
+        needsSetup && "text-amber-800 dark:text-amber-200",
         isHero ? "h-4 w-4" : "h-[18px] w-[18px]",
       )}
-        style={{
-          borderColor: !needsSetup && brand ? `${brand.color}28` : undefined,
-          boxShadow: !needsSetup && brand ? `inset 0 0 0 1px ${brand.color}18` : undefined,
-        }}
       aria-hidden
     >
       {needsSetup ? (
@@ -465,7 +586,7 @@ function PresetPill({
           draggable={false}
           decoding="async"
           loading="lazy"
-            className={cn("object-contain", isHero ? "h-3 w-3" : "h-3.5 w-3.5")}
+          className={cn("object-contain", isHero ? "h-3.5 w-3.5" : "h-[18px] w-[18px]")}
           onLoad={onLogoLoad}
           onError={onLogoError}
         />
@@ -483,15 +604,5 @@ function PresetPill({
         <Sparkles className="h-3 w-3 text-muted-foreground/65" />
       )}
     </span>
-      <span
-        ref={labelRef}
-        className={cn(
-          "thread-composer-model-label min-w-0 overflow-hidden whitespace-nowrap text-center",
-          labelOverflows && "thread-composer-model-label-fade",
-        )}
-      >
-        {label}
-      </span>
-    </span>
   );
 }

webui/src/components/thread/RecoveryNotice.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+import { useEffect, useState } from "react";
+import { AlertTriangle, LoaderCircle, RotateCcw, X } from "lucide-react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
+
+import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button";
+import { cn } from "@/lib/utils";
+import type { RecoveryState } from "@/lib/types";
+
+interface RecoveryNoticeProps {
+  state: RecoveryState;
+  onContinue: () => Promise<void>;
+  onDismiss: () => Promise<void>;
+}
+
+export function RecoveryNotice({ state, onContinue, onDismiss }: RecoveryNoticeProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
+  const [pending, setPending] = useState<"continue" | "dismiss" | null>(null);
+  const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null);
+  const [hiddenRecoveryId, setHiddenRecoveryId] = useState<string | null>(null);
+  useEffect(() => {
+    // A continuation can be interrupted again with the same recovery ID.
+    // Reveal the decision surface when the server returns to a waiting state.
+    if (state.status === "awaiting_user" || state.status === "failed") {
+      setHiddenRecoveryId(null);
+    }
+  }, [state.recovery_id, state.status]);
+  if (state.status === "recovered" || hiddenRecoveryId === state.recovery_id) return null;
+
+  const waiting = state.status === "awaiting_user" || state.status === "failed";
+  const contextUnavailable = state.can_continue === false;
+  const title = state.status === "failed"
+    ? t("recovery.failed", { defaultValue: "Task recovery failed" })
+    : waiting
+      ? t("recovery.interrupted", { defaultValue: "Task interrupted" })
+      : t("recovery.resuming", { defaultValue: "Restoring interrupted task…" });
+  const detail = state.status === "failed" || contextUnavailable
+    ? t("recovery.failedHelp", {
+        defaultValue: "The saved task could not be restored safely. Review it before continuing.",
+      })
+    : waiting
+      ? t("recovery.review", { defaultValue: "Review the task before continuing. Tools will not be replayed automatically." })
+      : t("recovery.safeResume", { defaultValue: "Continuing from saved conversation context." });
+  const run = (action: "continue" | "dismiss") => {
+    setPending(action);
+    setError(null);
+    // ``resuming`` is an internal transition, not another task for the user
+    // to monitor. Hide the notice optimistically and only bring it back if
+    // the explicit action is rejected.
+    if (action === "continue") setHiddenRecoveryId(state.recovery_id);
+    const operation = action === "continue" ? onContinue() : onDismiss();
+    void operation.catch(() => {
+      if (action === "continue") setHiddenRecoveryId(null);
+      setError(t("recovery.actionFailed", { defaultValue: "Recovery action failed. Try again." }));
+    }).finally(() => setPending(null));
+  };
+
+  return (
+    <div
+      role={waiting ? "alert" : "status"}
+      aria-live={waiting ? "assertive" : "polite"}
+      aria-busy={state.status === "resuming"}
+      data-recovery-status={state.status}
+      className="mx-auto mb-2 flex w-full max-w-[49.5rem] items-center gap-3 rounded-control border border-border/70 bg-muted/35 px-3 py-2 text-sm transition-[background-color,border-color,opacity,transform] duration-200 ease-out motion-reduce:transition-none animate-in fade-in-0 slide-in-from-bottom-1 duration-200 motion-reduce:animate-none"
+    >
+      {waiting ? (
+        <AlertTriangle className="h-4 w-4 shrink-0 text-amber-600 dark:text-amber-400" aria-hidden />
+      ) : (
+        <LoaderCircle className="h-4 w-4 shrink-0 animate-spin text-primary motion-reduce:animate-none" aria-hidden />
+      )}
+      <div className="min-w-0 flex-1">
+        <p className="font-medium">
+          {title}
+        </p>
+        <p className={cn(
+          "mt-0.5 text-xs",
+          error ? "text-destructive" : "text-muted-foreground",
+        )}>
+          {error ?? detail}
+        </p>
+      </div>
+      {waiting ? (
+        <div className="flex shrink-0 items-center gap-1.5">
+          <Button
+            type="button"
+            size="sm"
+            variant="outline"
+            disabled={pending !== null}
+            onClick={() => run("dismiss")}
+          >
+            <X className="mr-1 h-3.5 w-3.5" aria-hidden />
+            {t("recovery.dismiss", { defaultValue: "Dismiss" })}
+          </Button>
+          {!contextUnavailable ? (
+            <Button
+              type="button"
+              size="sm"
+              disabled={pending !== null}
+              onClick={() => run("continue")}
+            >
+              <RotateCcw className="mr-1 h-3.5 w-3.5" aria-hidden />
+              {t("recovery.continue", { defaultValue: "Continue" })}
+            </Button>
+          ) : null}
+        </div>
+      ) : null}
+    </div>
+  );
+}

webui/src/components/thread/ThreadComposer.tsx

@@ -112,6 +112,7 @@ import {
   readDraggedSession,
 } from "@/lib/session-drag";
 import { formatQuotedUserMessage } from "@/lib/user-message-quote";
+import { formatCompactTokenCount } from "@/lib/format";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/utils";
 
 const VOICE_SHORTCUT_CODE = "KeyD";
@@ -178,6 +179,107 @@ function getVoiceShortcutLabel(): string {
   }
 }
 
+export interface ComposerContextUsage {
+  contextTokens: number;
+  contextWindowTokens?: number;
+}
+
+function ComposerContextBadge({ usage }: { usage: ComposerContextUsage | null }) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
+  if (!usage || !Number.isFinite(usage.contextTokens) || usage.contextTokens < 0) return null;
+
+  const context = formatCompactTokenCount(usage.contextTokens);
+  const contextWindow = typeof usage.contextWindowTokens === "number"
+    && Number.isFinite(usage.contextWindowTokens)
+    && usage.contextWindowTokens > 0
+    ? usage.contextWindowTokens
+    : null;
+  const capacity = contextWindow !== null
+    ? ` / ${formatCompactTokenCount(contextWindow)}`
+    : "";
+  // The meter is meaningful only with a known capacity.  Do not turn an
+  // otherwise unknown total into a second, text-heavy control beside the
+  // model picker.
+  if (contextWindow === null) return null;
+  const percentage = Math.min(100, Math.round(usage.contextTokens / contextWindow * 100));
+  const status = percentage >= 90
+      ? "critical"
+      : percentage >= 75
+        ? "caution"
+        : "normal";
+  const contextDescription = t("thread.composer.context.tooltip", {
+    defaultValue: "Context · {{tokens}}{{capacity}}",
+    tokens: context,
+    capacity,
+  });
+  const meterDescription = t("thread.composer.context.meterDescription", {
+    defaultValue: "{{context}}. {{percent}}% used.",
+    context: contextDescription,
+    percent: percentage,
+  });
+  const ringCircumference = 2 * Math.PI * 6;
+  const ringLength = ringCircumference * percentage / 100;
+
+  return (
+    <TooltipProvider delayDuration={300} skipDelayDuration={80}>
+      <Tooltip>
+        <TooltipTrigger asChild>
+          <button
+            type="button"
+            data-testid="composer-context-usage"
+            aria-label={meterDescription}
+            className={cn(
+              "inline-flex size-5 shrink-0 items-center justify-center rounded-full",
+              "text-muted-foreground/75 transition-colors hover:text-foreground/85",
+              "focus-visible:outline-none focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-ring",
+            )}
+          >
+            <svg
+              viewBox="0 0 16 16"
+              aria-hidden="true"
+              className={cn(
+                "size-[15px] shrink-0 -rotate-90",
+                status === "critical" && "text-destructive",
+                status === "caution" && "text-amber-600 dark:text-amber-400",
+                status === "normal" && "text-muted-foreground/75",
+              )}
+            >
+              <circle
+                cx="8"
+                cy="8"
+                r="6"
+                fill="none"
+                stroke="currentColor"
+                strokeWidth="1.5"
+                className="opacity-20"
+              />
+              <circle
+                cx="8"
+                cy="8"
+                r="6"
+                fill="none"
+                stroke="currentColor"
+                strokeWidth="1.5"
+                strokeLinecap="round"
+                strokeDasharray={`${ringLength} ${ringCircumference}`}
+                data-testid="composer-context-meter"
+              />
+            </svg>
+          </button>
+        </TooltipTrigger>
+        <TooltipContent
+          side="top"
+          align="center"
+          sideOffset={8}
+          className="w-fit max-w-[calc(100vw-2rem)] rounded-full border-border/70 px-2.5 py-1 text-xs font-medium shadow-[0_8px_24px_rgba(15,23,42,0.13)]"
+        >
+          <span className="whitespace-nowrap tabular-nums">{contextDescription}</span>
+        </TooltipContent>
+      </Tooltip>
+    </TooltipProvider>
+  );
+}
+
 interface ThreadComposerProps {
   onSend: (
     content: string,
@@ -198,6 +300,7 @@ interface ThreadComposerProps {
   modelNeedsSetup?: boolean;
   fallbackModelName?: string | null;
   onModelBadgeClick?: () => void;
+  contextUsage?: ComposerContextUsage | null;
   variant?: "thread" | "hero";
   slashCommands?: SlashCommand[];
   cliApps?: CliAppInfo[];
@@ -895,6 +998,7 @@ export function ThreadComposer({
   modelNeedsSetup = false,
   fallbackModelName = null,
   onModelBadgeClick,
+  contextUsage = null,
   variant = "thread",
   slashCommands = [],
   cliApps = [],
@@ -2435,6 +2539,7 @@ export function ThreadComposer({
                 modelPreset={modelPreset}
                 modelPresets={modelPresets}
                 onPresetChange={onModelPresetChange}
+                onRequestComposerFocus={() => textareaRef.current?.focus()}
                 provider={modelProvider}
                 providerLabel={modelProviderLabel}
                 needsSetup={modelNeedsSetup}
@@ -2443,6 +2548,7 @@ export function ThreadComposer({
                 onClick={modelNeedsSetup ? onModelBadgeClick : undefined}
               />
             ) : null}
+            {!voiceRecorder.isRecording ? <ComposerContextBadge usage={contextUsage} /> : null}
             {showVoiceButton ? (
               <TooltipProvider delayDuration={220} skipDelayDuration={80}>
                 <Tooltip>

webui/src/components/thread/ThreadMessages.tsx

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { MessageBubble } from "@/components/MessageBubble";
 import { AgentActivityCluster } from "@/components/thread/AgentActivityCluster";
 import { AssistantSelectionAction } from "@/components/thread/AssistantSelectionAction";
-import { normalizeActivityTimeline, type TurnUnit } from "@/lib/activity-timeline";
+import { projectActivityTimeline, type TurnUnit } from "@/lib/activity-timeline";
 import type { CliAppInfo, McpPresetInfo, SlashCommand, UIMessage } from "@/lib/types";
 
 interface ThreadMessagesProps {
@@ -29,10 +29,9 @@ export type DisplayUnit = TurnUnit;
 export function buildDisplayUnits(
   messages: UIMessage[],
   isStreaming = false,
+  activeTurnId: string | null = null,
 ): DisplayUnit[] {
-  return normalizeActivityTimeline(messages, {
+  return projectActivityTimeline(messages, isStreaming ? activeTurnId : undefined);
-    preserveTrailingActivity: isStreaming,
-  });
 }
 
 export function assistantForkFlags(units: DisplayUnit[]): boolean[] {
@@ -69,7 +68,10 @@ export function ThreadMessages({
 }: ThreadMessagesProps) {
   const { t } = useTranslation();
   const messageListRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
-  const units = useMemo(() => buildDisplayUnits(messages, isStreaming), [isStreaming, messages]);
+  const units = useMemo(
+    () => buildDisplayUnits(messages, isStreaming, activeTurnId),
+    [activeTurnId, isStreaming, messages],
+  );
   const forkBoundaryAfterUnitIndex = useMemo(
     () => unitIndexAfterMessageCount(units, forkBoundaryMessageCount),
     [forkBoundaryMessageCount, units],
@@ -353,11 +355,15 @@ function activeTurnStartIndex(units: DisplayUnit[], activeTurnId: string | null)
 function displayUnitsEqual(previous: DisplayUnit, next: DisplayUnit): boolean {
   if (previous.type !== next.type) return false;
   if (previous.type === "message" && next.type === "message") {
-    return shallowMessageEqual(previous.message, next.message);
+    return (
+      previous.sourceMessageCount === next.sourceMessageCount
+      && shallowMessageEqual(previous.message, next.message)
+    );
   }
   if (previous.type !== "activity" || next.type !== "activity") return false;
   return (
-    previous.turnLatencyMs === next.turnLatencyMs
+    previous.sourceMessageCount === next.sourceMessageCount
+    && previous.turnLatencyMs === next.turnLatencyMs
     && previous.startedAtMs === next.startedAtMs
     && previous.messages.length === next.messages.length
     && previous.messages.every((message, index) =>
@@ -381,7 +387,7 @@ function unitIndexAfterMessageCount(
   let seen = 0;
   for (let i = 0; i < units.length; i += 1) {
     const unit = units[i];
-    seen += unit.type === "activity" ? unit.messages.length : 1;
+    seen += unit.sourceMessageCount;
     if (seen >= messageCount) return i;
   }
   return null;

webui/src/components/thread/ThreadShell.tsx

@@ -7,8 +7,12 @@ import { FilePreviewAvailabilityProvider } from "@/components/FilePreviewAvailab
 import { FilePreviewPanel } from "@/components/FilePreviewPanel";
 import { SessionHandleLabel } from "@/components/SessionHandleLabel";
 import { PromptNavigator } from "@/components/thread/PromptNavigator";
+import { RecoveryNotice } from "@/components/thread/RecoveryNotice";
 import { SessionInfoPopover } from "@/components/thread/SessionInfoPopover";
-import { ThreadComposer } from "@/components/thread/ThreadComposer";
+import {
+  ThreadComposer,
+  type ComposerContextUsage,
+} from "@/components/thread/ThreadComposer";
 import type { ModelPresetOption } from "@/components/thread/ModelPresetBadge";
 import { ThreadHeader } from "@/components/thread/ThreadHeader";
 import { StreamErrorNotice } from "@/components/thread/StreamErrorNotice";
@@ -83,6 +87,30 @@ function sameMessageShape(a: MessageShape, b: MessageShape): boolean {
   );
 }
 
+function latestComposerContextUsage(messages: UIMessage[]): ComposerContextUsage | null {
+  for (let index = messages.length - 1; index >= 0; index -= 1) {
+    const message = messages[index];
+    const contextTokens = message.usage?.context_tokens;
+    if (
+      message.role !== "assistant"
+      || message.kind === "trace"
+      || message.isStreaming
+      || typeof contextTokens !== "number"
+      || !Number.isFinite(contextTokens)
+      || contextTokens < 0
+    ) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    return {
+      contextTokens,
+      ...(typeof message.contextWindowTokens === "number"
+        ? { contextWindowTokens: message.contextWindowTokens }
+        : {}),
+    };
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+
 function snapshotPreservesMessage(
   current: MessageShape,
   candidate: MessageShape,
@@ -400,7 +428,7 @@ function toModelBadgeInfo(
   );
   return {
     label,
-    model: model?.trim() || null,
+    model: toModelBadgeLabel(model),
     provider,
     providerLabel: provider ? providerDisplayLabel(settings?.providers ?? [], provider) : null,
     needsSetup,
@@ -736,6 +764,9 @@ export function ThreadShell({
     isStreaming,
     runStartedAt,
     goalState,
+    recoveryState,
+    continueRecovery,
+    dismissRecovery,
     send,
     transcribeAudio,
     stop,
@@ -803,9 +834,20 @@ export function ThreadShell({
   }, []);
 
   const displayMessages = useMemo(() => projectWebuiThreadMessages(messages), [messages]);
-  const currentRunStartedAt = messagesReady ? runStartedAt : null;
+  const composerContextUsage = useMemo(
+    () => latestComposerContextUsage(displayMessages),
+    [displayMessages],
+  );
   const currentGoalState = messagesReady ? goalState : undefined;
-  const turnActive = messagesReady && (isStreaming || currentRunStartedAt !== null);
+  // Decision states freeze the interrupted turn and hand the next action to
+  // the recovery notice. ``resuming`` remains active; ``recovered`` is only
+  // historical metadata and must not suppress a later normal turn.
+  const recoveryNeedsDecision = recoveryState?.status === "awaiting_user"
+    || recoveryState?.status === "failed";
+  const currentRunStartedAt = messagesReady && !recoveryNeedsDecision ? runStartedAt : null;
+  const turnActive = messagesReady
+    && !recoveryNeedsDecision
+    && (isStreaming || currentRunStartedAt !== null);
   const restoredViewportTurnId = useMemo(
     () => turnActive ? latestActiveTurnId(displayMessages, currentRunStartedAt) : null,
     [currentRunStartedAt, displayMessages, turnActive],
@@ -882,9 +924,17 @@ export function ThreadShell({
   useEffect(() => {
     setLocalModelPreset(null);
   }, [session?.key, sessionModelPreset]);
+  const configuredPresetNames = useMemo(
+    () => new Set(settings?.model_presets.map((preset) => preset.name) ?? []),
+    [settings],
+  );
   const activeModelPreset = (
-    localModelPreset
+    (localModelPreset && (!settings || configuredPresetNames.has(localModelPreset))
-    || sessionModelPreset
+      ? localModelPreset
+      : null)
+    || (sessionModelPreset && (!settings || configuredPresetNames.has(sessionModelPreset))
+      ? sessionModelPreset
+      : null)
     || settings?.agent.model_preset
     || "default"
   );
@@ -958,13 +1008,10 @@ export function ThreadShell({
     }
     setFallbackModelName(null);
     return client.onChat(chatId, (event) => {
-      if (event.event !== "turn_model_updated") return;
+      if (event.event !== "turn_model_updated" || event.fallback !== true) return;
-      const activeModel = event.model_name.trim();
+      setFallbackModelName(event.model_name);
-      setFallbackModelName(
-        modelBadge.model && activeModel !== modelBadge.model ? activeModel : null,
-      );
     });
-  }, [chatId, client, modelBadge.model]);
+  }, [chatId, client]);
 
   useEffect(() => {
     if (!historyKey || !chatId || loading) return;
@@ -1436,6 +1483,13 @@ export function ThreadShell({
 
   const composer = (
     <>
+      {recoveryState ? (
+        <RecoveryNotice
+          state={recoveryState}
+          onContinue={continueRecovery}
+          onDismiss={dismissRecovery}
+        />
+      ) : null}
       {streamError && !hasInlineDeliveryError(messages, streamError) ? (
         <StreamErrorNotice
           error={streamError}
@@ -1454,7 +1508,7 @@ export function ThreadShell({
               : t("thread.composer.placeholderThread")
           }
           modelLabel={modelBadgeLabel}
-          modelDetail={toModelBadgeLabel(modelBadge.model)}
+          modelDetail={modelBadge.model}
           modelPreset={activeModelPreset}
           modelPresets={modelPresetOptions}
           onModelPresetChange={handleModelPresetChange}
@@ -1463,6 +1517,7 @@ export function ThreadShell({
           modelNeedsSetup={modelBadge.needsSetup}
           fallbackModelName={fallbackModelName}
           onModelBadgeClick={modelBadge.needsSetup ? onOpenModelSettings : undefined}
+          contextUsage={composerContextUsage}
           variant={composerVariant}
           slashCommands={availableSlashCommands}
           cliApps={cliApps}
@@ -1501,7 +1556,7 @@ export function ThreadShell({
               : t("thread.composer.placeholderHero")
           }
           modelLabel={modelBadgeLabel}
-          modelDetail={toModelBadgeLabel(modelBadge.model)}
+          modelDetail={modelBadge.model}
           modelPreset={activeModelPreset}
           modelPresets={modelPresetOptions}
           onModelPresetChange={handleModelPresetChange}
@@ -1510,6 +1565,7 @@ export function ThreadShell({
           modelNeedsSetup={modelBadge.needsSetup}
           fallbackModelName={fallbackModelName}
           onModelBadgeClick={modelBadge.needsSetup ? onOpenModelSettings : undefined}
+          contextUsage={composerContextUsage}
           variant="hero"
           slashCommands={availableSlashCommands}
           cliApps={cliApps}

webui/src/components/thread/activity/FileEditRow.tsx

@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ function FileEditRow({
   );
 }
 
-export function hasVisibleDiffStats(edit: Pick<FileEditSummary, "added" | "deleted">): boolean {
+function hasVisibleDiffStats(edit: Pick<FileEditSummary, "added" | "deleted">): boolean {
   return edit.added > 0 || edit.deleted > 0;
 }
 

webui/src/components/thread/activity/generic-tool-model.ts

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { compactActivityPath, redactActivityText } from "./activity-text";
 export type GenericToolStatus = "running" | "done" | "error";
 export type ToolFamily = "content-search" | "file-search" | "list" | "read" | "memory" | "generic";
 
-export interface ToolField {
+interface ToolField {
   key:
     | "query"
     | "pattern"

webui/src/components/thread/activity/web-search-model.ts

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import { displayWebHost, formatCompactWebUrl, parseSafeActivityHttpUrl } from ".
 export type WebSearchStatus = "running" | "done" | "error";
 export type WebSearchTarget = "web" | "x";
 
-export interface WebSearchSource {
+interface WebSearchSource {
   title: string;
   href: string;
   host: string;

webui/src/components/thread/promptNavigation.ts

@@ -26,13 +26,13 @@ export function userPromptAnchors(messages: UIMessage[]): PromptAnchor[] {
   });
 }
 
-export function promptLabel(content: string, index: number): string {
+function promptLabel(content: string, index: number): string {
   const text = content.replace(/\s+/g, " ").trim();
   if (!text) return `Prompt ${index + 1}`;
   return truncatePreview(text, 80);
 }
 
-export function promptPreview(content: string, index: number): string {
+function promptPreview(content: string, index: number): string {
   const text = compactPreview(content);
   if (!text) return `Prompt ${index + 1}`;
   return truncatePreview(text, 320);

webui/src/components/ui/button.tsx

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ const buttonVariants = cva(
   },
 );
 
-export interface ButtonProps
+interface ButtonProps
   extends React.ButtonHTMLAttributes<HTMLButtonElement>,
     VariantProps<typeof buttonVariants> {
   asChild?: boolean;

webui/src/components/ui/input.tsx

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import * as React from "react";
 import { formControlFocusClassName } from "@/components/ui/form-control";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/utils";
 
-export type InputProps = React.InputHTMLAttributes<HTMLInputElement>;
+type InputProps = React.InputHTMLAttributes<HTMLInputElement>;
 
 const Input = React.forwardRef<HTMLInputElement, InputProps>(
   ({ className, type, ...props }, ref) => {

webui/src/components/ui/textarea.tsx

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import * as React from "react";
 import { formControlFocusClassName } from "@/components/ui/form-control";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/utils";
 
-export type TextareaProps = React.TextareaHTMLAttributes<HTMLTextAreaElement>;
+type TextareaProps = React.TextareaHTMLAttributes<HTMLTextAreaElement>;
 
 const Textarea = React.forwardRef<HTMLTextAreaElement, TextareaProps>(
   ({ className, ...props }, ref) => {

webui/src/components/workbench/workbench-model.ts

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ export type {
 
 export const MAX_WORKBENCH_PANES = 4;
 
-export const WORKBENCH_LAYOUTS = [
+const WORKBENCH_LAYOUTS = [
   "columns",
   "rows",
   "grid",

webui/src/globals.css

@@ -165,11 +165,19 @@
     pointer-events: none;
     background-color: rgb(236 141 49);
     opacity: 0;
-    transition: opacity 220ms ease-out;
+    transition: opacity 180ms ease-out;
+  }
+
+  .composer-model-badge[data-fallback="true"] {
+    border-color: rgb(236 141 49 / 0.38);
   }
 
   .composer-model-badge[data-fallback="true"]::before {
-    opacity: 1;
+    opacity: 0.1;
+  }
+
+  .dark .composer-model-badge[data-fallback="true"]::before {
+    opacity: 0.15;
   }
 
   .composer-model-badge > * {
@@ -695,11 +703,38 @@
   mask-image: linear-gradient(to right, #000 0, #000 calc(100% - 0.75rem), transparent);
 }
 
-.thread-composer-model-badge:not([data-switching="true"]):active
+.thread-composer-model-badge:not([data-switching="true"]):active > .composer-model-pill {
-  > .composer-model-pill {
   transform: scale(0.98);
 }
 
+@keyframes composer-model-pill-viewport-enter {
+  from {
+    transform: scale(0.9074);
+  }
+
+  to {
+    transform: scale(1);
+  }
+}
+
+.composer-model-pill-viewport {
+  transform-origin: right center;
+  animation: composer-model-pill-viewport-enter 210ms cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.8, 0.2, 1) both;
+  -webkit-mask-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, transparent, #000 4px, #000 calc(100% - 4px), transparent);
+  mask-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, transparent, #000 4px, #000 calc(100% - 4px), transparent);
+}
+
+.composer-model-pill-dock {
+  transform-origin: right center;
+  transition-property: none;
+  will-change: transform;
+}
+
+.composer-model-pill-track[data-settling="true"],
+.composer-model-pill-track[data-settling="true"] .composer-model-pill-dock {
+  transition: transform 180ms cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1);
+}
+
 @keyframes preset-name-shake {
   0%,
   100% {
@@ -715,37 +750,8 @@
   }
 }
 
-@keyframes composer-model-pill-viewport-enter {
-  from {
-    transform: scale(0.9074);
-  }
-
-  to {
-    transform: scale(1);
-  }
-}
-
-.composer-model-pill-viewport {
-  transform-origin: right center;
-  animation: composer-model-pill-viewport-enter 210ms
-    cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.8, 0.2, 1) both;
-  -webkit-mask-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, transparent, #000 4px, #000 calc(100% - 4px), transparent);
-  mask-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, transparent, #000 4px, #000 calc(100% - 4px), transparent);
-}
-
-.composer-model-pill-dock {
-  transform-origin: right center;
-  transition-property: none;
-  will-change: transform;
-}
-
-.composer-model-pill-track[data-settling="true"],
-.composer-model-pill-track[data-settling="true"] .composer-model-pill-dock {
-  transition: transform 180ms cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1);
-}
-
 @media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
-  .thread-composer-model-badge:active > .composer-model-pill {
+  .thread-composer-model-badge:not([data-switching="true"]):active > .composer-model-pill {
     transform: none !important;
   }
 

webui/src/hooks/useAttachedImages.ts

@@ -9,10 +9,10 @@ import type { WebUIIngressLimits } from "@/lib/types";
  * - ``ready``     — ``dataUrl`` available; safe to submit
  * - ``error``     — validation / decode failure; chip shows inline error
  */
-export type AttachmentStatus = "encoding" | "ready" | "error";
+type AttachmentStatus = "encoding" | "ready" | "error";
 export type AttachmentKind = "image" | "file";
 
-export interface AttachedAttachment {
+interface AttachedAttachment {
   id: string;
   kind: AttachmentKind;
   file: File;
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ export interface AttachedAttachment {
 
 export type AttachedImage = AttachedAttachment;
 
-export interface RestoredReadyAttachment {
+interface RestoredReadyAttachment {
   dataUrl: string;
   name?: string;
   kind?: AttachmentKind;
@@ -55,8 +55,8 @@ export type AttachmentError =
   | "io";                // file read failed at the browser layer
 
 export const MAX_ATTACHMENTS_PER_MESSAGE = 4;
-export const MAX_ATTACHMENT_BYTES = 6 * 1024 * 1024;
+const MAX_ATTACHMENT_BYTES = 6 * 1024 * 1024;
-export const MAX_TOTAL_ATTACHMENT_BYTES = 24 * 1024 * 1024;
+const MAX_TOTAL_ATTACHMENT_BYTES = 24 * 1024 * 1024;
 
 /** MIME whitelist — mirrors the server's and the ``<input accept>`` attr. */
 const ACCEPTED_IMAGE_MIMES: ReadonlySet<string> = new Set([

webui/src/hooks/useClipboardAndDrop.ts

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import { acceptedAttachmentKind } from "@/hooks/useAttachedImages";
  *   - Plain text pasted alongside attachments is *not* consumed by this helper,
  *     so the caller can still let the textarea receive it naturally.
  */
-export function extractImageFilesFromPaste(
+function extractImageFilesFromPaste(
   event: ClipboardEvent | React.ClipboardEvent,
 ): File[] {
   const clipboard = (event as ClipboardEvent).clipboardData
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ export function extractImageFilesFromPaste(
 }
 
 /** Extract dropped attachment files, mirroring ``extractImageFilesFromPaste``. */
-export function extractImageFilesFromDrop(
+function extractImageFilesFromDrop(
   event: DragEvent | React.DragEvent,
 ): File[] {
   const dt = (event as DragEvent).dataTransfer

webui/src/hooks/useNanobotStream.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { useCallback, useEffect, useRef, useState } from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 
 import { useClient } from "@/providers/ClientProvider";
 import { toMediaAttachment } from "@/lib/media";
@@ -28,6 +29,7 @@ import {
 } from "@/lib/thread-event-projection";
 import type { UIMessageTurnFields } from "@/lib/thread-event-projection";
 import { formatQuotedUserMessage } from "@/lib/user-message-quote";
+import { readLocalPreferences } from "@/lib/local-preferences";
 import type {
   InboundEvent,
   OutboundCliAppMention,
@@ -36,6 +38,7 @@ import type {
   SessionMention,
   GoalStateWsPayload,
   MessageDeliveryStatus,
+  RecoveryState,
   UIMediaAttachment,
   UIMessage,
   WorkspaceScopePayload,
@@ -55,7 +58,6 @@ type PendingStreamEvent =
   | { kind: "delta"; text: string; turn: UIMessageTurnFields; source?: UIMessage["source"] }
   | { kind: "reasoning"; text: string; turn: UIMessageTurnFields };
 
-const STREAM_END_IDLE_DELAY_MS = 1000;
 const BACKGROUND_STREAM_FLUSH_INTERVAL_MS = 1_000;
 
 /**
@@ -63,8 +65,8 @@ const BACKGROUND_STREAM_FLUSH_INTERVAL_MS = 1_000;
  *
  * Lookup rule: reasoning can only extend the current reasoning placeholder.
  * Once ordinary answer text has appeared, the next reasoning chunk starts a
- * fresh Thought block so streamed output stays in arrival order:
+ * fresh activity surface so streamed output stays in arrival order while the
- * Thought -> answer -> Thought -> answer.
+ * final answer remains the only visible answer bubble.
  */
 function attachReasoningChunk(
   prev: UIMessage[],
@@ -183,16 +185,6 @@ export interface SubmittedTurn {
   sideChannel: boolean;
 }
 
-function eventExtendsModelActivity(ev: InboundEvent): boolean {
-  if (
-    ev.event === "delta"
-    || ev.event === "reasoning_delta"
-    || ev.event === "file_edit"
-  ) return true;
-  return ev.event === "message"
-    && (ev.kind === "tool_hint" || ev.kind === "progress" || ev.kind === "reasoning");
-}
-
 function eventTurnId(ev: InboundEvent): string | undefined {
   return "turn_id" in ev && typeof ev.turn_id === "string" ? ev.turn_id : undefined;
 }
@@ -255,6 +247,9 @@ export function useNanobotStream(
   runStartedAt: number | null;
   /** Latest sustained goal for this ``chatId`` (``goal_state`` WS events). */
   goalState: GoalStateWsPayload | undefined;
+  recoveryState: RecoveryState | null;
+  continueRecovery: () => Promise<void>;
+  dismissRecovery: () => Promise<void>;
   send: (
     content: string,
     images?: SendAttachment[],
@@ -273,6 +268,7 @@ export function useNanobotStream(
   dismissStreamError: () => void;
 } {
   const { client } = useClient();
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
   const initialRunStartedAt = chatId ? client.getRunStartedAt(chatId) : null;
   const [messages, setMessages] = useState<UIMessage[]>(initialMessages);
   const [messageOwnerChatId, setMessageOwnerChatId] = useState(chatId);
@@ -284,6 +280,7 @@ export function useNanobotStream(
   /** Unix epoch seconds when the current user turn started; cleared on ``idle``. */
   const [runStartedAt, setRunStartedAt] = useState<number | null>(initialRunStartedAt);
   const [goalState, setGoalState] = useState<GoalStateWsPayload | undefined>(undefined);
+  const [recoveryState, setRecoveryState] = useState<RecoveryState | null>(null);
   const [streamError, setStreamError] = useState<StreamError | null>(null);
   const buffer = useRef<StreamBuffer | null>(null);
   const activeAssistantRef = useRef<ActiveAssistantCursor | null>(null);
@@ -296,17 +293,19 @@ export function useNanobotStream(
   const streamTimerRef = useRef<number | null>(null);
   const suppressStreamUntilTurnEndRef = useRef(false);
   const sideChannelTurnIdsRef = useRef<Set<string>>(new Set());
-  /** Timer that defers ``isStreaming = false`` after ``stream_end``.
-   *
-   * When the model finishes a text segment and calls a tool, the server
-   * sends ``stream_end`` but the agent is still "thinking" while the tool
-   * executes.  By deferring the flag reset by a short window (1 s) we keep
-   * the loading spinner alive across tool-call boundaries without needing
-   * backend changes. */
-  const streamEndTimerRef = useRef<ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | null>(null);
 
   const dismissStreamError = useCallback(() => setStreamError(null), []);
 
+  const notifyInBackground = useCallback((body: string) => {
+    if (
+      typeof Notification === "undefined"
+      || Notification.permission !== "granted"
+      || document.visibilityState === "visible"
+      || !readLocalPreferences().browserNotifications
+    ) return;
+    new Notification("nanobot", { body });
+  }, []);
+
   const clearPendingStreamWork = useCallback(() => {
     if (streamFrameRef.current !== null) {
       window.cancelAnimationFrame(streamFrameRef.current);
@@ -319,26 +318,11 @@ export function useNanobotStream(
     pendingStreamEventsRef.current = [];
   }, []);
 
-  const cancelStreamEndTimer = useCallback(() => {
-    if (streamEndTimerRef.current === null) return;
-    clearTimeout(streamEndTimerRef.current);
-    streamEndTimerRef.current = null;
-  }, []);
-
   const isSideChannelEvent = useCallback((ev: InboundEvent) => {
     const turnId = eventTurnId(ev);
     return turnId !== undefined && sideChannelTurnIdsRef.current.has(turnId);
   }, []);
 
-  const scheduleStreamEndTimer = useCallback((turn: UIMessageTurnFields = {}) => {
-    cancelStreamEndTimer();
-    streamEndTimerRef.current = setTimeout(() => {
-      streamEndTimerRef.current = null;
-      setIsStreaming(false);
-      setMessages((prev) => finalizeStreamedTurn(prev, turn));
-    }, STREAM_END_IDLE_DELAY_MS);
-  }, [cancelStreamEndTimer]);
-
   const createActivitySegmentId = useCallback((activate = true) => {
     activitySegmentCounterRef.current += 1;
     const id = `activity-${activitySegmentCounterRef.current}`;
@@ -387,7 +371,6 @@ export function useNanobotStream(
       (event) => event.turn.turnId !== rejectedTurnId,
     );
     sideChannelTurnIdsRef.current.delete(rejectedTurnId);
-    cancelStreamEndTimer();
     setMessages((prev) => {
       const rejectedRows = prev.filter((message) => message.turnId === rejectedTurnId);
       if (rejectedRows.length === 0) return prev;
@@ -438,7 +421,7 @@ export function useNanobotStream(
     setRunStartedAt(remainingStartedAt);
     setIsStreaming(hasRemainingRun);
     if (!hasRemainingRun) suppressStreamUntilTurnEndRef.current = false;
-  }, [cancelStreamEndTimer, chatId, client]);
+  }, [chatId, client]);
 
   useEffect(() => client.onError(applyStreamError), [applyStreamError, client]);
 
@@ -659,15 +642,6 @@ export function useNanobotStream(
     return () => document.removeEventListener("visibilitychange", flushOnReturn);
   }, [flushPendingStreamEvents]);
 
-  useEffect(() => {
-    return client.onStatus((status) => {
-      if (status !== "reconnecting" && status !== "closed") return;
-      // A transport drop does not prove the backend turn completed. Keep the
-      // semantic running state intact so queued guidance is not flushed early.
-      cancelStreamEndTimer();
-    });
-  }, [cancelStreamEndTimer, client]);
-
   // Reset local state when switching chats. Do not reset on every
   // ``initialMessages`` update: a brand-new chat can receive an empty/404
   // history response after the optimistic first message has already rendered.
@@ -683,6 +657,7 @@ export function useNanobotStream(
     setStreamError(null);
     setRunStartedAt(restoredRunStartedAt);
     setGoalState(chatId ? client.getGoalState(chatId) : undefined);
+    setRecoveryState(null);
     buffer.current = null;
     activeAssistantRef.current = null;
     closedAssistantStreamIdsRef.current.clear();
@@ -690,9 +665,8 @@ export function useNanobotStream(
     clearPendingStreamWork();
     sideChannelTurnIdsRef.current.clear();
     suppressStreamUntilTurnEndRef.current = false;
-    cancelStreamEndTimer();
     // eslint-disable-next-line react-hooks/exhaustive-deps
-  }, [chatId, client, cancelStreamEndTimer, clearActivitySegment, clearPendingStreamWork]);
+  }, [chatId, client, clearActivitySegment, clearPendingStreamWork]);
 
   useEffect(() => {
     if (hasPendingToolCalls) setIsStreaming(true);
@@ -774,12 +748,6 @@ export function useNanobotStream(
         return;
       }
       const sideChannelEvent = isSideChannelEvent(ev);
-      if (
-        streamEndTimerRef.current !== null
-        && !sideChannelEvent
-        && eventExtendsModelActivity(ev)
-      ) cancelStreamEndTimer();
-
       if (ev.event === "delta") {
         if (suppressStreamUntilTurnEndRef.current) return;
         const chunk = typeof ev.text === "string" ? ev.text : "";
@@ -822,14 +790,13 @@ export function useNanobotStream(
         });
         if (suppressStreamUntilTurnEndRef.current) return;
         if (ev.resuming) {
-          cancelStreamEndTimer();
           setIsStreaming(true);
-          if (!mergeNext) {
-            setMessages((prev) => finalizeStreamedTurn(prev, turn));
-          }
           return;
         }
-        scheduleStreamEndTimer(turn);
+        // ``stream_end`` closes the current answer segment, not the turn.
+        // Tools and follow-up model segments may still arrive before the
+        // definitive ``turn_end`` event.
+        setIsStreaming(true);
         return;
       }
 
@@ -868,9 +835,8 @@ export function useNanobotStream(
           setGoalState(ev.goal_state);
         }
         setRunStartedAt(null);
-        // Definitive signal that the turn is fully complete.  Cancel any
+        // Definitive signal that the turn is fully complete, so stop the
-        // pending debounce timer and stop the loading indicator immediately.
+        // loading indicator immediately.
-        cancelStreamEndTimer();
         setIsStreaming(false);
         const completedAt = Date.now();
         setMessages((prev) => {
@@ -884,6 +850,10 @@ export function useNanobotStream(
             finalized,
             {
               ...(latencyMs !== undefined ? { latencyMs } : {}),
+              ...(ev.usage ? { usage: ev.usage } : {}),
+              ...(typeof ev.context_window_tokens === "number"
+                ? { contextWindowTokens: ev.context_window_tokens }
+                : {}),
               completedAt,
             },
             ev.turn_id,
@@ -895,10 +865,71 @@ export function useNanobotStream(
           return finalized;
         });
         suppressStreamUntilTurnEndRef.current = false;
+        notifyInBackground(t("recovery.completed", { defaultValue: "Task completed" }));
         onTurnEnd?.();
         return;
       }
 
+      if (ev.event === "recovery_state") {
+        const next: RecoveryState = {
+          status: ev.status,
+          recovery_id: ev.recovery_id,
+          ...(ev.reason ? { reason: ev.reason } : {}),
+          ...(typeof ev.attempts === "number" ? { attempts: ev.attempts } : {}),
+          ...(typeof ev.can_continue === "boolean"
+            ? { can_continue: ev.can_continue }
+            : {}),
+        };
+        setRecoveryState(next);
+        if (ev.status === "resuming") {
+          setRunStartedAt((current) => current ?? Date.now() / 1000);
+          setIsStreaming(true);
+        }
+        if (
+          ev.status === "awaiting_user"
+          || ev.status === "recovered"
+          || ev.status === "failed"
+        ) {
+          // Recovery is an explicit boundary. The interrupted turn is no
+          // longer running, so do not let the stale start time keep the
+          // activity clock (or composer stop state) alive underneath the
+          // recovery notice.
+          setRunStartedAt(null);
+          setIsStreaming(false);
+          client.finishRunLocally(chatId);
+          clearPendingStreamWork();
+          closeActiveAssistantStream();
+          clearActivitySegment();
+          if (ev.status !== "recovered") {
+            notifyInBackground(
+              ev.status === "failed"
+                ? t("recovery.failed", { defaultValue: "Task recovery failed" })
+                : t("recovery.interrupted", { defaultValue: "Task interrupted" }),
+            );
+          }
+        }
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if (ev.event === "attached") {
+        setRecoveryState(ev.recovery_state ?? null);
+        if (ev.recovery_state?.status === "resuming") {
+          setRunStartedAt((current) => current ?? Date.now() / 1000);
+          setIsStreaming(true);
+        } else if (
+          ev.recovery_state?.status === "awaiting_user"
+          || ev.recovery_state?.status === "failed"
+        ) {
+          setRunStartedAt(null);
+          setIsStreaming(false);
+          client.finishRunLocally(chatId);
+          clearPendingStreamWork();
+          closeActiveAssistantStream();
+          clearActivitySegment();
+        }
+        return;
+      }
+
       if (ev.event === "message") {
         if (
           suppressStreamUntilTurnEndRef.current &&
@@ -1013,8 +1044,9 @@ export function useNanobotStream(
 
         // A complete (non-streamed) assistant message. If a stream was in
         // flight, drop the placeholder so we don't render the text twice.
-        // Streaming state is closed by ``stream_end`` when present, or by
+        // ``turn_end`` is the turn boundary. ``stream_end`` only closes the
-        // ``turn_end`` for non-streamed and tool-heavy turns.
+        // current text segment so a following tool/reasoning segment remains
+        // part of the same live activity surface.
         clearActivitySegment();
         setMessages((prev) => {
           const activeId = buffer.current?.messageId;
@@ -1088,7 +1120,6 @@ export function useNanobotStream(
         });
         return;
       }
-      // ``attached`` frames aren't actionable here.
     };
 
     const unsub = client.onChat(chatId, handle);
@@ -1099,12 +1130,11 @@ export function useNanobotStream(
       closedAssistantStreamIdsRef.current.clear();
       clearActivitySegment();
       clearPendingStreamWork();
-      cancelStreamEndTimer();
     };
   }, [
     applyStreamError,
-    cancelStreamEndTimer,
     chatId,
+    closeActiveAssistantStream,
     client,
     clearActivitySegment,
     clearPendingStreamWork,
@@ -1112,9 +1142,10 @@ export function useNanobotStream(
     ensureActivitySegmentId,
     flushPendingStreamEvents,
     isSideChannelEvent,
+    notifyInBackground,
     onTurnEnd,
     schedulePendingStreamFlush,
-    scheduleStreamEndTimer,
+    t,
   ]);
 
   const send = useCallback(
@@ -1133,7 +1164,6 @@ export function useNanobotStream(
         : content;
       flushPendingStreamEvents();
       if (finalizeActiveTurn) {
-        cancelStreamEndTimer();
         setIsStreaming(false);
       }
       const turnId = crypto.randomUUID();
@@ -1188,7 +1218,7 @@ export function useNanobotStream(
       client.sendMessage(chatId, outboundContent, wireMedia, clientOptions);
       return { turnId, userMessageId, sideChannel };
     },
-    [cancelStreamEndTimer, chatId, clearActivitySegment, client, flushPendingStreamEvents],
+    [chatId, clearActivitySegment, client, flushPendingStreamEvents],
   );
 
   const stop = useCallback(() => {
@@ -1209,7 +1239,6 @@ export function useNanobotStream(
   }, [chatId, clearActivitySegment, client, flushPendingStreamEvents]);
 
   const reconcileTurnComplete = useCallback(() => {
-    cancelStreamEndTimer();
     clearPendingStreamWork();
     buffer.current = null;
     activeAssistantRef.current = null;
@@ -1218,7 +1247,7 @@ export function useNanobotStream(
     suppressStreamUntilTurnEndRef.current = false;
     setRunStartedAt(null);
     setIsStreaming(false);
-  }, [cancelStreamEndTimer, clearActivitySegment, clearPendingStreamWork]);
+  }, [clearActivitySegment, clearPendingStreamWork]);
 
   const transcribeAudio = useCallback(
     (dataUrl: string, options?: { durationMs?: number }) =>
@@ -1226,12 +1255,32 @@ export function useNanobotStream(
     [client],
   );
 
+  const recoveryAction = useCallback(async (action: "continue" | "dismiss") => {
+    if (!chatId || !recoveryState) return;
+    await client.requestMutation(`recovery.${action}`, {
+      chat_id: chatId,
+      recovery_id: recoveryState.recovery_id,
+    });
+  }, [chatId, client, recoveryState]);
+
+  const continueRecovery = useCallback(
+    () => recoveryAction("continue"),
+    [recoveryAction],
+  );
+  const dismissRecovery = useCallback(
+    () => recoveryAction("dismiss"),
+    [recoveryAction],
+  );
+
   return {
     messages,
     messagesReady: messageOwnerChatId === chatId,
     isStreaming,
     runStartedAt,
     goalState,
+    recoveryState,
+    continueRecovery,
+    dismissRecovery,
     send,
     transcribeAudio,
     stop,

webui/src/hooks/useSidebarState.ts

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import { normalizeWorkbenchState } from "@/components/workbench/workbench-model"
 import { fetchSidebarState } from "@/lib/api";
 import type { ChatSummary, SidebarStatePayload } from "@/lib/types";
 
-export const DEFAULT_SIDEBAR_STATE: SidebarStatePayload = {
+const DEFAULT_SIDEBAR_STATE: SidebarStatePayload = {
   schema_version: 1,
   pinned_keys: [],
   archived_keys: [],
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ function boolMap(value: unknown): Record<string, boolean> {
   return out;
 }
 
-export function normalizeSidebarState(raw: unknown): SidebarStatePayload {
+function normalizeSidebarState(raw: unknown): SidebarStatePayload {
   if (!raw || typeof raw !== "object" || Array.isArray(raw)) {
     return { ...DEFAULT_SIDEBAR_STATE, view: { ...DEFAULT_SIDEBAR_STATE.view } };
   }

webui/src/i18n/config.ts

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ export function normalizeLocale(
   return baseMatch?.code ?? defaultLocale;
 }
 
-export function readStoredLocale(): SupportedLocale | null {
+function readStoredLocale(): SupportedLocale | null {
   if (typeof window === "undefined") return null;
   try {
     const raw = window.localStorage.getItem(LOCALE_STORAGE_KEY);

webui/src/i18n/index.ts

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ import {
   applyDocumentLocale,
   defaultLocale,
   fallbackLocale,
-  LOCALE_STORAGE_KEY,
   normalizeLocale,
   persistLocale,
   resolveInitialLocale,
@@ -47,7 +46,7 @@ export function currentLocale(): SupportedLocale {
   return normalizeLocale(i18n.resolvedLanguage ?? i18n.language ?? defaultLocale);
 }
 
-export async function loadLocaleResources(
+async function loadLocaleResources(
   locale: SupportedLocale,
 ): Promise<LocaleResource> {
   const existing = resourcePromises.get(locale);
@@ -131,5 +130,4 @@ function syncLocaleSideEffects(language: string) {
   persistLocale(locale);
 }
 
-export { LOCALE_STORAGE_KEY };
 export default i18n;

webui/src/i18n/locales/en/common.json

@@ -198,6 +198,7 @@
       "fileEditDisplay": "File edit display",
       "codeWrap": "Code wrapping",
       "brandLogos": "Brand logos",
+      "browserNotifications": "Task notifications",
       "maxResults": "Max results",
       "timeout": "Timeout",
       "jinaReader": "Jina reader",
@@ -243,6 +244,7 @@
       "fileEditDisplay": "Choose whether file edit activity opens as line counts or a diff.",
       "codeWrap": "Keep long code lines readable on smaller screens.",
       "brandLogos": "Show third-party provider and CLI logos in Settings.",
+      "browserNotifications": "Notify only when this page is in the background. Off by default.",
       "maxResults": "Results returned by each web_search call.",
       "timeout": "Seconds before a search provider request times out.",
       "jinaReader": "Use Jina Reader for web_fetch when available.",
@@ -1013,7 +1015,8 @@
     "activity": {
       "running": "Agent running",
       "complete": "Agent finished",
-      "updated": "New activity"
+      "updated": "New activity",
+      "recovery": "This conversation needs your attention"
     },
     "pin": "Pin",
     "unpin": "Unpin",
@@ -1192,6 +1195,11 @@
       "removeQuotedContext": "Remove quoted context",
       "modelNotConfigured": "Model not configured",
       "configureModel": "Configure model",
+      "switchModel": "Switch model for this chat",
+      "context": {
+        "tooltip": "Context · {{tokens}}{{capacity}}",
+        "meterDescription": "{{context}}. {{percent}}% used."
+      },
       "queued": {
         "label": "Queued guidance",
         "guide": "Guide",
@@ -1424,7 +1432,24 @@
     "fileEditShowMoreLines": "Show {{count}} more lines",
     "fileEditShowFewerLines": "Show fewer lines",
     "fileEditOpenFile": "Open file",
-    "fileEditDiffTruncated": "Diff truncated. Open the file for the full change."
+    "fileEditDiffTruncated": "Diff truncated. Open the file for the full change.",
+    "usage": {
+      "context": "Context now: {{tokens}}{{capacity}}",
+      "requests": "{{count}} calls this turn",
+      "estimated": "Includes estimated usage"
+    }
+  },
+  "recovery": {
+    "actionFailed": "Recovery action failed. Try again.",
+    "interrupted": "Task interrupted",
+    "completed": "Task completed",
+    "failed": "Task recovery failed",
+    "failedHelp": "The saved task could not be restored safely. Review it before continuing.",
+    "resuming": "Restoring interrupted task…",
+    "review": "Review the task before continuing. Tools will not be replayed automatically.",
+    "safeResume": "Continuing from saved conversation context.",
+    "dismiss": "Dismiss",
+    "continue": "Continue"
   },
   "lightbox": {
     "title": "Image preview",

webui/src/i18n/locales/es/common.json

@@ -161,6 +161,7 @@
       "webuiDefaultAccess": "Acceso predeterminado",
       "currentModel": "Configuración actual",
       "brandLogos": "Logos de marca",
+      "browserNotifications": "Notificaciones de tareas",
       "cliAppsCatalog": "Catálogo",
       "cliAppsFilter": "Filtro",
       "engine": "Motor",
@@ -204,6 +205,7 @@
       "selectedModelProvider": "Definido por el modelo seleccionado.",
       "selectedModelValue": "Definido por el modelo seleccionado.",
       "brandLogos": "Muestra logos de proveedores de terceros y CLI en Ajustes.",
+      "browserNotifications": "Notifica solo cuando esta página está en segundo plano. Desactivado de forma predeterminada.",
       "cliAppsCatalog": "Instala solo adaptadores CLI de aplicaciones que nanobot puede ejecutar localmente; las aplicaciones nativas no se modifican.",
       "cliAppsFilter": "Busca por aplicación, categoría o capacidad.",
       "logs": "Abre la carpeta de registros del motor nativo.",
@@ -1000,7 +1002,8 @@
     "activity": {
       "running": "Agente en ejecución",
       "complete": "Agente terminado",
-      "updated": "Nueva actividad"
+      "updated": "Nueva actividad",
+      "recovery": "Esta conversación requiere tu atención"
     },
     "pin": "Fijar",
     "unpin": "Desfijar",
@@ -1179,6 +1182,11 @@
       "removeQuotedContext": "Quitar contexto citado",
       "modelNotConfigured": "Modelo no configurado",
       "configureModel": "Configurar modelo",
+      "switchModel": "Cambiar el modelo de este chat",
+      "context": {
+        "tooltip": "Contexto · {{tokens}}{{capacity}}",
+        "meterDescription": "{{context}}. {{percent}} % usado."
+      },
       "queued": {
         "label": "Guía en cola",
         "guide": "Guiar",
@@ -1395,6 +1403,11 @@
     "fileEditShowFewerLines": "Mostrar menos líneas",
     "fileEditOpenFile": "Abrir archivo",
     "fileEditDiffTruncated": "Diferencias truncadas. Abre el archivo para ver el cambio completo.",
+    "usage": {
+      "context": "Contexto más reciente: {{tokens}}{{capacity}} tokens",
+      "requests": "{{count}} solicitudes al modelo",
+      "estimated": "Incluye uso estimado"
+    },
     "activityThinkingFor": "Pensando durante {{duration}}",
     "activityThought": "Pensamiento completado",
     "activityThoughtFor": "Pensó durante {{duration}}",
@@ -1413,6 +1426,18 @@
     "automationSourceFallback": "Automatización",
     "automationTriggered": "Activada automáticamente"
   },
+  "recovery": {
+    "actionFailed": "La recuperación falló. Inténtalo de nuevo.",
+    "interrupted": "Tarea interrumpida",
+    "completed": "Tarea completada",
+    "failed": "La recuperación de la tarea falló",
+    "failedHelp": "La tarea guardada no se pudo restaurar de forma segura. Revísala antes de continuar.",
+    "resuming": "Restaurando la tarea interrumpida…",
+    "review": "Revisa la tarea antes de continuar. Las herramientas no se repetirán automáticamente.",
+    "safeResume": "Continuando desde el contexto guardado de la conversación.",
+    "dismiss": "Descartar",
+    "continue": "Continuar"
+  },
   "lightbox": {
     "title": "Vista previa de imagen",
     "open": "Ver imagen",

webui/src/i18n/locales/fr/common.json

@@ -161,6 +161,7 @@
       "webuiDefaultAccess": "Accès par défaut",
       "currentModel": "Configuration actuelle",
       "brandLogos": "Logos de marque",
+      "browserNotifications": "Notifications de tâches",
       "cliAppsCatalog": "Catalogue",
       "cliAppsFilter": "Filtre",
       "engine": "Moteur",
@@ -204,6 +205,7 @@
       "selectedModelProvider": "Défini par le modèle sélectionné.",
       "selectedModelValue": "Défini par le modèle sélectionné.",
       "brandLogos": "Affiche les logos de fournisseurs tiers et CLI dans les Réglages.",
+      "browserNotifications": "Notifier uniquement lorsque cette page est en arrière-plan. Désactivé par défaut.",
       "cliAppsCatalog": "Installe uniquement les adaptateurs CLI d’applications que nanobot peut exécuter localement ; les applications natives restent inchangées.",
       "cliAppsFilter": "Recherchez par application, catégorie ou capacité.",
       "logs": "Ouvre le dossier des journaux du moteur natif.",
@@ -999,7 +1001,8 @@
     "activity": {
       "running": "Agent en cours",
       "complete": "Agent terminé",
-      "updated": "Nouvelle activité"
+      "updated": "Nouvelle activité",
+      "recovery": "Cette conversation nécessite votre attention"
     },
     "pin": "Épingler",
     "unpin": "Désépingler",
@@ -1178,6 +1181,11 @@
       "removeQuotedContext": "Supprimer le contexte cité",
       "modelNotConfigured": "Modèle non configuré",
       "configureModel": "Configurer le modèle",
+      "switchModel": "Changer le modèle de cette conversation",
+      "context": {
+        "tooltip": "Contexte · {{tokens}}{{capacity}}",
+        "meterDescription": "{{context}}. {{percent}} % utilisé."
+      },
       "queued": {
         "label": "Guidage en attente",
         "guide": "Guider",
@@ -1394,6 +1402,11 @@
     "fileEditShowFewerLines": "Afficher moins de lignes",
     "fileEditOpenFile": "Ouvrir le fichier",
     "fileEditDiffTruncated": "Différences tronquées. Ouvrez le fichier pour voir la modification complète.",
+    "usage": {
+      "context": "Dernier contexte : {{tokens}}{{capacity}} tokens",
+      "requests": "{{count}} requêtes au modèle",
+      "estimated": "Inclut une estimation de l’utilisation"
+    },
     "activityThinkingFor": "Réflexion pendant {{duration}}",
     "activityThought": "Réflexion terminée",
     "activityThoughtFor": "Réflexion terminée en {{duration}}",
@@ -1412,6 +1425,18 @@
     "automationSourceFallback": "Automatisation",
     "automationTriggered": "Déclenché automatiquement"
   },
+  "recovery": {
+    "actionFailed": "La récupération a échoué. Réessayez.",
+    "interrupted": "Tâche interrompue",
+    "completed": "Tâche terminée",
+    "failed": "Échec de la récupération de la tâche",
+    "failedHelp": "La tâche enregistrée n’a pas pu être restaurée en toute sécurité. Vérifiez-la avant de continuer.",
+    "resuming": "Restauration de la tâche interrompue…",
+    "review": "Vérifiez la tâche avant de continuer. Les outils ne seront pas relancés automatiquement.",
+    "safeResume": "Reprise depuis le contexte de conversation enregistré.",
+    "dismiss": "Ignorer",
+    "continue": "Continuer"
+  },
   "lightbox": {
     "title": "Aperçu de l’image",
     "open": "Voir l’image",

webui/src/i18n/locales/id/common.json

@@ -161,6 +161,7 @@
       "webuiDefaultAccess": "Akses bawaan",
       "currentModel": "Konfigurasi saat ini",
       "brandLogos": "Logo merek",
+      "browserNotifications": "Notifikasi tugas",
       "cliAppsCatalog": "Katalog",
       "cliAppsFilter": "Saring",
       "engine": "Mesin",
@@ -204,6 +205,7 @@
       "selectedModelProvider": "Ditentukan oleh model yang dipilih.",
       "selectedModelValue": "Ditentukan oleh model yang dipilih.",
       "brandLogos": "Tampilkan logo penyedia pihak ketiga dan CLI di Pengaturan.",
+      "browserNotifications": "Beri tahu hanya saat halaman ini di latar belakang. Nonaktif secara bawaan.",
       "cliAppsCatalog": "Instal hanya adaptor CLI aplikasi yang dapat dijalankan nanobot secara lokal; aplikasi asli tidak diubah.",
       "cliAppsFilter": "Cari berdasarkan aplikasi, kategori, atau kemampuan.",
       "logs": "Buka folder log mesin asli.",
@@ -999,7 +1001,8 @@
     "activity": {
       "running": "Agen sedang berjalan",
       "complete": "Agen selesai",
-      "updated": "Aktivitas baru"
+      "updated": "Aktivitas baru",
+      "recovery": "Percakapan ini memerlukan perhatian Anda"
     },
     "pin": "Sematkan",
     "unpin": "Lepas sematan",
@@ -1178,6 +1181,11 @@
       "removeQuotedContext": "Hapus konteks kutipan",
       "modelNotConfigured": "Model belum dikonfigurasi",
       "configureModel": "Konfigurasi model",
+      "switchModel": "Ganti model untuk percakapan ini",
+      "context": {
+        "tooltip": "Konteks · {{tokens}}{{capacity}}",
+        "meterDescription": "{{context}}. {{percent}}% digunakan."
+      },
       "queued": {
         "label": "Panduan antrean",
         "guide": "Pandu",
@@ -1394,6 +1402,11 @@
     "fileEditShowFewerLines": "Tampilkan lebih sedikit baris",
     "fileEditOpenFile": "Buka file",
     "fileEditDiffTruncated": "Perbedaan dipotong. Buka file untuk melihat perubahan lengkap.",
+    "usage": {
+      "context": "Konteks terbaru: {{tokens}}{{capacity}} token",
+      "requests": "{{count}} permintaan model",
+      "estimated": "Termasuk penggunaan perkiraan"
+    },
     "activityThinkingFor": "Berpikir selama {{duration}}",
     "activityThought": "Selesai berpikir",
     "activityThoughtFor": "Selesai berpikir dalam {{duration}}",
@@ -1412,6 +1425,18 @@
     "automationSourceFallback": "Otomatisasi",
     "automationTriggered": "Dipicu otomatis"
   },
+  "recovery": {
+    "actionFailed": "Pemulihan gagal. Coba lagi.",
+    "interrupted": "Tugas terputus",
+    "completed": "Tugas selesai",
+    "failed": "Pemulihan tugas gagal",
+    "failedHelp": "Tugas tersimpan tidak dapat dipulihkan dengan aman. Tinjau sebelum melanjutkan.",
+    "resuming": "Memulihkan tugas yang terputus…",
+    "review": "Tinjau tugas sebelum melanjutkan. Alat tidak akan dijalankan ulang secara otomatis.",
+    "safeResume": "Melanjutkan dari konteks percakapan yang tersimpan.",
+    "dismiss": "Abaikan",
+    "continue": "Lanjutkan"
+  },
   "lightbox": {
     "title": "Pratinjau gambar",
     "open": "Lihat gambar",

webui/src/i18n/locales/ja/common.json

@@ -161,6 +161,7 @@
       "webuiDefaultAccess": "既定の権限",
       "currentModel": "現在の設定",
       "brandLogos": "ブランドロゴ",
+      "browserNotifications": "タスク通知",
       "cliAppsCatalog": "カタログ",
       "cliAppsFilter": "フィルター",
       "engine": "エンジン",
@@ -204,6 +205,7 @@
       "selectedModelProvider": "選択したモデルによって設定されます。",
       "selectedModelValue": "選択したモデルによって設定されます。",
       "brandLogos": "設定で第三者プロバイダーと CLI のロゴを表示します。",
+      "browserNotifications": "このページがバックグラウンドにある場合のみ通知します。既定ではオフです。",
       "cliAppsCatalog": "nanobot がローカルで実行できるアプリ CLI アダプターだけをインストールします。ネイティブアプリは変更しません。",
       "cliAppsFilter": "アプリ、カテゴリ、機能で検索します。",
       "logs": "ネイティブエンジンのログフォルダーを開きます。",
@@ -999,7 +1001,8 @@
     "activity": {
       "running": "エージェント実行中",
       "complete": "エージェント完了",
-      "updated": "新しいアクティビティ"
+      "updated": "新しいアクティビティ",
+      "recovery": "この会話には対応が必要です"
     },
     "pin": "ピン留め",
     "unpin": "ピン留めを解除",
@@ -1178,6 +1181,11 @@
       "removeQuotedContext": "引用したコンテキストを削除",
       "modelNotConfigured": "モデルが未設定です",
       "configureModel": "モデルを設定",
+      "switchModel": "この会話で使うモデルを切り替える",
+      "context": {
+        "tooltip": "コンテキスト · {{tokens}}{{capacity}}",
+        "meterDescription": "{{context}}。{{percent}}% 使用中"
+      },
       "queued": {
         "label": "保留中のガイド",
         "guide": "ガイド",
@@ -1394,6 +1402,11 @@
     "fileEditShowFewerLines": "表示行数を減らす",
     "fileEditOpenFile": "ファイルを開く",
     "fileEditDiffTruncated": "差分は切り詰められました。完全な変更はファイルを開いて確認してください。",
+    "usage": {
+      "context": "最新のコンテキスト: {{tokens}}{{capacity}} トークン",
+      "requests": "モデルリクエスト {{count}} 回",
+      "estimated": "推定使用量を含みます"
+    },
     "activityThinkingFor": "{{duration}}考えています",
     "activityThought": "思考しました",
     "activityThoughtFor": "{{duration}}考えました",
@@ -1412,6 +1425,18 @@
     "automationSourceFallback": "自動化",
     "automationTriggered": "自動実行"
   },
+  "recovery": {
+    "actionFailed": "復元操作に失敗しました。もう一度お試しください。",
+    "interrupted": "タスクが中断されました",
+    "completed": "タスクが完了しました",
+    "failed": "タスクの復元に失敗しました",
+    "failedHelp": "保存されたタスクを安全に復元できませんでした。続行前に確認してください。",
+    "resuming": "中断されたタスクを復元しています…",
+    "review": "続行する前にタスクを確認してください。ツールは自動的に再実行されません。",
+    "safeResume": "保存された会話コンテキストから続行しています。",
+    "dismiss": "閉じる",
+    "continue": "続行"
+  },
   "lightbox": {
     "title": "画像プレビュー",
     "open": "画像を表示",

webui/src/i18n/locales/ko/common.json

@@ -161,6 +161,7 @@
       "webuiDefaultAccess": "기본 권한",
       "currentModel": "현재 구성",
       "brandLogos": "브랜드 로고",
+      "browserNotifications": "작업 알림",
       "cliAppsCatalog": "카탈로그",
       "cliAppsFilter": "필터",
       "engine": "엔진",
@@ -204,6 +205,7 @@
       "selectedModelProvider": "선택한 모델에 의해 설정됩니다.",
       "selectedModelValue": "선택한 모델에 의해 설정됩니다.",
       "brandLogos": "설정에서 타사 제공자와 CLI 로고를 표시합니다.",
+      "browserNotifications": "이 페이지가 백그라운드에 있을 때만 알립니다. 기본값은 꺼짐입니다.",
       "cliAppsCatalog": "nanobot이 로컬에서 실행할 수 있는 앱 CLI 어댑터만 설치합니다. 네이티브 앱은 변경하지 않습니다.",
       "cliAppsFilter": "앱, 카테고리 또는 기능으로 검색합니다.",
       "logs": "네이티브 엔진 로그 폴더를 엽니다.",
@@ -999,7 +1001,8 @@
     "activity": {
       "running": "에이전트 실행 중",
       "complete": "에이전트 완료",
-      "updated": "새 활동"
+      "updated": "새 활동",
+      "recovery": "이 대화에는 확인이 필요합니다"
     },
     "pin": "고정",
     "unpin": "고정 해제",
@@ -1178,6 +1181,11 @@
       "removeQuotedContext": "인용한 문맥 제거",
       "modelNotConfigured": "모델이 설정되지 않음",
       "configureModel": "모델 설정",
+      "switchModel": "이 대화에서 사용할 모델 전환",
+      "context": {
+        "tooltip": "컨텍스트 · {{tokens}}{{capacity}}",
+        "meterDescription": "{{context}}. {{percent}}% 사용 중."
+      },
       "queued": {
         "label": "대기 중인 안내",
         "guide": "안내",
@@ -1394,6 +1402,11 @@
     "fileEditShowFewerLines": "줄 줄이기",
     "fileEditOpenFile": "파일 열기",
     "fileEditDiffTruncated": "변경 사항이 잘렸습니다. 전체 변경은 파일을 열어 확인하세요.",
+    "usage": {
+      "context": "최근 컨텍스트: {{tokens}}{{capacity}} 토큰",
+      "requests": "모델 요청 {{count}}회",
+      "estimated": "예상 사용량 포함"
+    },
     "activityThinkingFor": "{{duration}} 동안 생각 중",
     "activityThought": "생각함",
     "activityThoughtFor": "{{duration}} 동안 생각함",
@@ -1412,6 +1425,18 @@
     "automationSourceFallback": "자동화",
     "automationTriggered": "자동 실행됨"
   },
+  "recovery": {
+    "actionFailed": "복구 작업에 실패했습니다. 다시 시도하세요.",
+    "interrupted": "작업이 중단됨",
+    "completed": "작업 완료",
+    "failed": "작업 복구 실패",
+    "failedHelp": "저장된 작업을 안전하게 복구할 수 없습니다. 계속하기 전에 검토하세요.",
+    "resuming": "중단된 작업을 복구하는 중…",
+    "review": "계속하기 전에 작업을 검토하세요. 도구는 자동으로 다시 실행되지 않습니다.",
+    "safeResume": "저장된 대화 컨텍스트에서 계속합니다.",
+    "dismiss": "닫기",
+    "continue": "계속"
+  },
   "lightbox": {
     "title": "이미지 미리보기",
     "open": "이미지 보기",