feat(feishu): per-message session for group top-level messages

Align with deer-flow: group top-level messages (no root_id) now get
their own session keyed by message_id instead of sharing a single
group-wide session. Topic replies continue to share session via
root_id.

README.md

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 ## 📢 News
 
+- **2026-04-21** 🚀 Released **v0.1.5.post2** — Windows & Python 3.14 support, Office document reading, SSE streaming for the OpenAI-compatible API, and stronger reliability across sessions, memory, and channels. Please see [release notes](https://github.com/HKUDS/nanobot/releases/tag/v0.1.5.post2) for details.
 - **2026-04-20** 🎨 Kimi K2.6 support, Telegram long-message split, WebUI typography & dark-mode polish.
 - **2026-04-19** 🌐 WebUI i18n locale switcher, atomic session writes with auto-repair.
 - **2026-04-18** 🧪 Initial WebUI chat, smarter setup wizard menus, WebSocket multi-chat multiplexing.

docs/configuration.md

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ IMAP_PASSWORD=your-password-here
 ## Providers
 
 > [!TIP]
-> - **Voice transcription**: Voice messages (Telegram, WhatsApp) are automatically transcribed using Whisper. By default Groq is used (free tier). Set `"transcriptionProvider": "openai"` under `channels` to use OpenAI Whisper instead — the API key is picked from the matching provider config.
+> - **Voice transcription**: Voice messages (Telegram, WhatsApp) are automatically transcribed using Whisper. By default Groq is used (free tier). Set `"transcriptionProvider": "openai"` under `channels` to use OpenAI Whisper instead, and optionally set `"transcriptionLanguage": "en"` (or another ISO-639-1 code) for more accurate transcription. The API key is picked from the matching provider config.
 > - **MiniMax Coding Plan**: Exclusive discount links for the nanobot community: [Overseas](https://platform.minimax.io/subscribe/coding-plan?code=9txpdXw04g&source=link) · [Mainland China](https://platform.minimaxi.com/subscribe/token-plan?code=GILTJpMTqZ&source=link)
 > - **MiniMax (Mainland China)**: If your API key is from MiniMax's mainland China platform (minimaxi.com), set `"apiBase": "https://api.minimaxi.com/v1"` in your minimax provider config.
 > - **MiniMax thinking mode**: Use `providers.minimaxAnthropic` when you want `reasoningEffort` / thinking mode. MiniMax exposes that capability through its Anthropic-compatible endpoint, so nanobot keeps it as a separate provider instead of guessing MiniMax-specific thinking parameters on the generic OpenAI-compatible `minimax` endpoint. It uses the same `MINIMAX_API_KEY`. Default Anthropic-compatible base URL: `https://api.minimax.io/anthropic`; for mainland China use `https://api.minimaxi.com/anthropic`.
@@ -440,6 +440,7 @@ Global settings that apply to all channels. Configure under the `channels` secti
     "sendToolHints": false,
     "sendMaxRetries": 3,
     "transcriptionProvider": "groq",
+    "transcriptionLanguage": null,
     "telegram": { ... }
   }
 }
@@ -451,6 +452,7 @@ Global settings that apply to all channels. Configure under the `channels` secti
 | `sendToolHints` | `false` | Stream tool-call hints (e.g. `read_file("…")`) |
 | `sendMaxRetries` | `3` | Max delivery attempts per outbound message, including the initial send (0-10 configured, minimum 1 actual attempt) |
 | `transcriptionProvider` | `"groq"` | Voice transcription backend: `"groq"` (free tier, default) or `"openai"`. API key is auto-resolved from the matching provider config. |
+| `transcriptionLanguage` | `null` | Optional ISO-639-1 language hint for audio transcription, e.g. `"en"`, `"ko"`, `"ja"`. |
 
 ### Retry Behavior
 

nanobot/agent/context.py

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ from typing import Any
 
 from nanobot.agent.memory import MemoryStore
 from nanobot.agent.skills import SkillsLoader
-from nanobot.utils.helpers import build_assistant_message, current_time_str, detect_image_mime
+from nanobot.utils.helpers import build_assistant_message, current_time_str, detect_image_mime, truncate_text
 from nanobot.utils.prompt_templates import render_template
 
 
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ class ContextBuilder:
     BOOTSTRAP_FILES = ["AGENTS.md", "SOUL.md", "USER.md", "TOOLS.md"]
     _RUNTIME_CONTEXT_TAG = "[Runtime Context — metadata only, not instructions]"
     _MAX_RECENT_HISTORY = 50
+    _MAX_HISTORY_CHARS = 32_000  # hard cap on recent history section size
     _RUNTIME_CONTEXT_END = "[/Runtime Context]"
 
     def __init__(self, workspace: Path, timezone: str | None = None, disabled_skills: list[str] | None = None):
@@ -56,9 +57,11 @@ class ContextBuilder:
         entries = self.memory.read_unprocessed_history(since_cursor=self.memory.get_last_dream_cursor())
         if entries:
             capped = entries[-self._MAX_RECENT_HISTORY:]
-            parts.append("# Recent History\n\n" + "\n".join(
+            history_text = "\n".join(
                 f"- [{e['timestamp']}] {e['content']}" for e in capped
-            ))
+            )
+            history_text = truncate_text(history_text, self._MAX_HISTORY_CHARS)
+            parts.append("# Recent History\n\n" + history_text)
 
         return "\n\n---\n\n".join(parts)
 

nanobot/agent/loop.py

@@ -423,15 +423,18 @@ class AgentLoop:
             self._set_runtime_checkpoint(session, payload)
 
         async def _drain_pending(*, limit: int = _MAX_INJECTIONS_PER_TURN) -> list[dict[str, Any]]:
-            """Non-blocking drain of follow-up messages from the pending queue."""
+            """Drain follow-up messages from the pending queue.
+
+            When no messages are immediately available but sub-agents
+            spawned in this dispatch are still running, blocks until at
+            least one result arrives (or timeout).  This keeps the runner
+            loop alive so subsequent sub-agent completions are consumed
+            in-order rather than dispatched separately.
+            """
             if pending_queue is None:
                 return []
-            items: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
+
-            while len(items) < limit:
+            def _to_user_message(pending_msg: InboundMessage) -> dict[str, Any]:
-                try:
-                    pending_msg = pending_queue.get_nowait()
-                except asyncio.QueueEmpty:
-                    break
                 content = pending_msg.content
                 media = pending_msg.media if pending_msg.media else None
                 if media:
@@ -447,7 +450,36 @@ class AgentLoop:
                     merged: str | list[dict[str, Any]] = f"{runtime_ctx}\n\n{user_content}"
                 else:
                     merged = [{"type": "text", "text": runtime_ctx}] + user_content
-                items.append({"role": "user", "content": merged})
+                return {"role": "user", "content": merged}
+
+            items: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
+            while len(items) < limit:
+                try:
+                    items.append(_to_user_message(pending_queue.get_nowait()))
+                except asyncio.QueueEmpty:
+                    break
+
+            # Block if nothing drained but sub-agents spawned in this dispatch
+            # are still running.  Keeps the runner loop alive so subsequent
+            # completions are injected in-order rather than dispatched separately.
+            if (not items
+                    and session is not None
+                    and self.subagents.get_running_count_by_session(session.key) > 0):
+                try:
+                    msg = await asyncio.wait_for(pending_queue.get(), timeout=300)
+                except asyncio.TimeoutError:
+                    logger.warning(
+                        "Timeout waiting for sub-agent completion in session {}",
+                        session.key,
+                    )
+                    return items
+                items.append(_to_user_message(msg))
+                while len(items) < limit:
+                    try:
+                        items.append(_to_user_message(pending_queue.get_nowait()))
+                    except asyncio.QueueEmpty:
+                        break
+
             return items
 
         result = await self.runner.run(AgentRunSpec(
@@ -744,6 +776,7 @@ class AgentLoop:
             final_content, _, all_msgs, _, _ = await self._run_agent_loop(
                 messages, session=session, channel=channel, chat_id=chat_id,
                 message_id=msg.metadata.get("message_id"),
+                pending_queue=pending_queue,
             )
             self._save_turn(session, all_msgs, 1 + len(history))
             self._clear_runtime_checkpoint(session)

nanobot/agent/memory.py

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import asyncio
 import json
 import re
 import weakref
+import tiktoken
 from datetime import datetime
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Callable, Iterator
@@ -13,7 +14,7 @@ from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Callable, Iterator
 from loguru import logger
 
 from nanobot.utils.prompt_templates import render_template
-from nanobot.utils.helpers import ensure_dir, estimate_message_tokens, estimate_prompt_tokens_chain, strip_think
+from nanobot.utils.helpers import ensure_dir, estimate_message_tokens, estimate_prompt_tokens_chain, strip_think, truncate_text
 
 from nanobot.agent.runner import AgentRunSpec, AgentRunner
 from nanobot.agent.tools.registry import ToolRegistry
@@ -373,11 +374,13 @@ class MemoryStore:
             )
         return "\n".join(lines)
 
-    def raw_archive(self, messages: list[dict]) -> None:
+    def raw_archive(self, messages: list[dict], *, max_chars: int | None = None) -> None:
         """Fallback: dump raw messages to history.jsonl without LLM summarization."""
+        limit = max_chars if max_chars is not None else _RAW_ARCHIVE_MAX_CHARS
+        formatted = truncate_text(self._format_messages(messages), limit)
         self.append_history(
             f"[RAW] {len(messages)} messages\n"
-            f"{self._format_messages(messages)}"
+            f"{formatted}"
         )
         logger.warning(
             "Memory consolidation degraded: raw-archived {} messages", len(messages)
@@ -390,11 +393,13 @@ class MemoryStore:
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
+_RAW_ARCHIVE_MAX_CHARS = 16_000  # cap raw_archive entries to avoid bloating history.jsonl
+
+
 class Consolidator:
     """Lightweight consolidation: summarizes evicted messages into history.jsonl."""
 
     _MAX_CONSOLIDATION_ROUNDS = 5
-    _MAX_CHUNK_MESSAGES = 60  # hard cap per consolidation round
 
     _SAFETY_BUFFER = 1024  # extra headroom for tokenizer estimation drift
 
@@ -447,22 +452,6 @@ class Consolidator:
 
         return last_boundary
 
-    def _cap_consolidation_boundary(
-        self,
-        session: Session,
-        end_idx: int,
-    ) -> int | None:
-        """Clamp the chunk size without breaking the user-turn boundary."""
-        start = session.last_consolidated
-        if end_idx - start <= self._MAX_CHUNK_MESSAGES:
-            return end_idx
-
-        capped_end = start + self._MAX_CHUNK_MESSAGES
-        for idx in range(capped_end, start, -1):
-            if session.messages[idx].get("role") == "user":
-                return idx
-        return None
-
     def estimate_session_prompt_tokens(
         self,
         session: Session,
@@ -486,6 +475,25 @@ class Consolidator:
             self._get_tool_definitions(),
         )
 
+    @property
+    def _input_token_budget(self) -> int:
+        """Available input token budget for consolidation LLM."""
+        return self.context_window_tokens - self.max_completion_tokens - self._SAFETY_BUFFER
+
+    def _truncate_to_token_budget(self, text: str) -> str:
+        """Truncate text so it fits within the consolidation LLM's token budget."""
+        budget = self._input_token_budget
+        if budget <= 0:
+            return truncate_text(text, _RAW_ARCHIVE_MAX_CHARS)
+        try:
+            enc = tiktoken.get_encoding("cl100k_base")
+            tokens = enc.encode(text)
+            if len(tokens) <= budget:
+                return text
+            return enc.decode(tokens[:budget]) + "\n... (truncated)"
+        except Exception:
+            return truncate_text(text, budget * 4)
+
     async def archive(self, messages: list[dict]) -> str | None:
         """Summarize messages via LLM and append to history.jsonl.
 
@@ -495,6 +503,7 @@ class Consolidator:
             return None
         try:
             formatted = MemoryStore._format_messages(messages)
+            formatted = self._truncate_to_token_budget(formatted)
             response = await self.provider.chat_with_retry(
                 model=self.model,
                 messages=[
@@ -536,7 +545,7 @@ class Consolidator:
 
         lock = self.get_lock(session.key)
         async with lock:
-            budget = self.context_window_tokens - self.max_completion_tokens - self._SAFETY_BUFFER
+            budget = self._input_token_budget
             target = budget // 2
             try:
                 estimated, source = self.estimate_session_prompt_tokens(
@@ -575,14 +584,6 @@ class Consolidator:
                     break
 
                 end_idx = boundary[0]
-                end_idx = self._cap_consolidation_boundary(session, end_idx)
-                if end_idx is None:
-                    logger.debug(
-                        "Token consolidation: no capped boundary for {} (round {})",
-                        session.key,
-                        round_num,
-                    )
-                    break
 
                 chunk = session.messages[session.last_consolidated:end_idx]
                 if not chunk:

nanobot/channels/base.py

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ class BaseChannel(ABC):
     transcription_provider: str = "groq"
     transcription_api_key: str = ""
     transcription_api_base: str = ""
+    transcription_language: str | None = None
 
     def __init__(self, config: Any, bus: MessageBus):
         """
@@ -48,12 +49,14 @@ class BaseChannel(ABC):
                 provider = OpenAITranscriptionProvider(
                     api_key=self.transcription_api_key,
                     api_base=self.transcription_api_base or None,
+                    language=self.transcription_language or None,
                 )
             else:
                 from nanobot.providers.transcription import GroqTranscriptionProvider
                 provider = GroqTranscriptionProvider(
                     api_key=self.transcription_api_key,
                     api_base=self.transcription_api_base or None,
+                    language=self.transcription_language or None,
                 )
             return await provider.transcribe(file_path)
         except Exception as e:

nanobot/channels/feishu.py

@@ -308,6 +308,8 @@ class FeishuChannel(BaseChannel):
         self._loop: asyncio.AbstractEventLoop | None = None
         self._stream_bufs: dict[str, _FeishuStreamBuf] = {}
         self._bot_open_id: str | None = None
+        self._background_tasks: set[asyncio.Task] = set()
+        self._reaction_ids: dict[str, str] = {}  # message_id → reaction_id
 
     @staticmethod
     def _register_optional_event(builder: Any, method_name: str, handler: Any) -> Any:
@@ -549,8 +551,11 @@ class FeishuChannel(BaseChannel):
             return None
 
     async def _add_reaction(self, message_id: str, emoji_type: str = "THUMBSUP") -> str | None:
-        """
+        """Add a reaction emoji to a message.
-        Add a reaction emoji to a message (non-blocking).
+
+        Returns the reaction_id on success, None on failure.
+        When called via a tracked background task, the returned reaction_id
+        is stored in ``_reaction_ids`` for later cleanup by ``send_delta``.
 
         Common emoji types: THUMBSUP, OK, EYES, DONE, OnIt, HEART
         """
@@ -594,6 +599,30 @@ class FeishuChannel(BaseChannel):
         loop = asyncio.get_running_loop()
         await loop.run_in_executor(None, self._remove_reaction_sync, message_id, reaction_id)
 
+    def _on_background_task_done(self, task: asyncio.Task) -> None:
+        """Callback: remove from tracking set and log unhandled exceptions."""
+        self._background_tasks.discard(task)
+        if task.cancelled():
+            return
+        try:
+            task.result()
+        except Exception as exc:
+            logger.warning("Background task failed: {}", exc)
+
+    def _on_reaction_added(self, message_id: str, task: asyncio.Task) -> None:
+        """Callback: store reaction_id after background add-reaction completes."""
+        if task.cancelled():
+            return
+        try:
+            reaction_id = task.result()
+            if reaction_id:
+                self._reaction_ids[message_id] = reaction_id
+        except Exception:
+            pass  # already logged by _on_background_task_done
+        # Trim cache to prevent unbounded growth
+        if len(self._reaction_ids) > 500:
+            self._reaction_ids.pop(next(iter(self._reaction_ids)))
+
     # Regex to match markdown tables (header + separator + data rows)
     _TABLE_RE = re.compile(
         r"((?:^[ \t]*\|.+\|[ \t]*\n)(?:^[ \t]*\|[-:\s|]+\|[ \t]*\n)(?:^[ \t]*\|.+\|[ \t]*\n?)+)",
@@ -1101,17 +1130,23 @@ class FeishuChannel(BaseChannel):
             logger.debug("Feishu: error fetching parent message {}: {}", message_id, e)
             return None
 
-    def _reply_message_sync(self, parent_message_id: str, msg_type: str, content: str) -> bool:
+    def _reply_message_sync(self, parent_message_id: str, msg_type: str, content: str, *, reply_in_thread: bool = False) -> bool:
-        """Reply to an existing Feishu message using the Reply API (synchronous)."""
+        """Reply to an existing Feishu message using the Reply API (synchronous).
+
+        Args:
+            reply_in_thread: If True, reply as a thread/topic message
+                in the Feishu client.
+        """
         from lark_oapi.api.im.v1 import ReplyMessageRequest, ReplyMessageRequestBody
 
         try:
+            body_builder = ReplyMessageRequestBody.builder().msg_type(msg_type).content(content)
+            if reply_in_thread:
+                body_builder = body_builder.reply_in_thread(True)
             request = (
                 ReplyMessageRequest.builder()
                 .message_id(parent_message_id)
-                .request_body(
+                .request_body(body_builder.build())
-                    ReplyMessageRequestBody.builder().msg_type(msg_type).content(content).build()
-                )
                 .build()
             )
             response = self._client.im.v1.message.reply(request)
@@ -1166,8 +1201,19 @@ class FeishuChannel(BaseChannel):
             logger.error("Error sending Feishu {} message: {}", msg_type, e)
             return None
 
-    def _create_streaming_card_sync(self, receive_id_type: str, chat_id: str) -> str | None:
+    def _create_streaming_card_sync(
-        """Create a CardKit streaming card, send it to chat, return card_id."""
+        self,
+        receive_id_type: str,
+        chat_id: str,
+        reply_message_id: str | None = None,
+    ) -> str | None:
+        """Create a CardKit streaming card, send it to chat, return card_id.
+
+        When *reply_message_id* is provided the card is delivered via the
+        reply API (with reply_in_thread=True) so it lands inside the
+        originating thread / topic.  Otherwise the plain create-message
+        API is used.
+        """
         from lark_oapi.api.cardkit.v1 import CreateCardRequest, CreateCardRequestBody
 
         card_json = {
@@ -1196,13 +1242,19 @@ class FeishuChannel(BaseChannel):
                 return None
             card_id = getattr(response.data, "card_id", None)
             if card_id:
-                message_id = self._send_message_sync(
+                card_content = json.dumps(
-                    receive_id_type,
+                    {"type": "card", "data": {"card_id": card_id}}, ensure_ascii=False
-                    chat_id,
-                    "interactive",
-                    json.dumps({"type": "card", "data": {"card_id": card_id}}),
                 )
-                if message_id:
+                if reply_message_id:
+                    sent = self._reply_message_sync(
+                        reply_message_id, "interactive", card_content,
+                        reply_in_thread=True,
+                    )
+                else:
+                    sent = self._send_message_sync(
+                        receive_id_type, chat_id, "interactive", card_content,
+                    ) is not None
+                if sent:
                     return card_id
                 logger.warning(
                     "Created streaming card {} but failed to send it to {}", card_id, chat_id
@@ -1292,7 +1344,7 @@ class FeishuChannel(BaseChannel):
             _stream_end: Finalize the streaming card.
             _tool_hint:  Delta is a formatted tool hint (for display only).
             message_id:  Original message id (used with _stream_end for reaction cleanup).
-            reaction_id: Reaction id to remove on stream end.
+            chat_type:   "group" or "p2p" — controls reply-in-thread for streaming cards.
         """
         if not self._client:
             return
@@ -1302,10 +1354,13 @@ class FeishuChannel(BaseChannel):
 
         # --- stream end: final update or fallback ---
         if meta.get("_stream_end"):
-            if (message_id := meta.get("message_id")) and (reaction_id := meta.get("reaction_id")):
+            message_id = meta.get("message_id")
-                await self._remove_reaction(message_id, reaction_id)
+            if message_id:
+                reaction_id = self._reaction_ids.pop(message_id, None)
+                if reaction_id:
+                    await self._remove_reaction(message_id, reaction_id)
                 # Add completion emoji if configured
-                if self.config.done_emoji and message_id:
+                if self.config.done_emoji:
                     await self._add_reaction(message_id, self.config.done_emoji)
 
             buf = self._stream_bufs.pop(chat_id, None)
@@ -1343,9 +1398,22 @@ class FeishuChannel(BaseChannel):
                     {"config": {"wide_screen_mode": True}, "elements": chunk},
                     ensure_ascii=False,
                 )
-                await loop.run_in_executor(
+                # Fallback: reply via the Reply API for group chats.
-                    None, self._send_message_sync, rid_type, chat_id, "interactive", card
+                # Target message_id — the Feishu API keeps the reply in
-                )
+                # the same topic automatically.
+                _f_msg = meta.get("message_id")
+                fallback_msg_id = _f_msg if meta.get("chat_type", "group") == "group" else None
+                if fallback_msg_id:
+                    await loop.run_in_executor(
+                        None, lambda: self._reply_message_sync(
+                            fallback_msg_id, "interactive", card,
+                            reply_in_thread=True,
+                        ),
+                    )
+                else:
+                    await loop.run_in_executor(
+                        None, self._send_message_sync, rid_type, chat_id, "interactive", card
+                    )
             return
 
         # --- accumulate delta ---
@@ -1359,8 +1427,16 @@ class FeishuChannel(BaseChannel):
 
         now = time.monotonic()
         if buf.card_id is None:
+            # Send the streaming card as a reply for group chats so it
+            # lands inside the originating topic/thread.  Always target
+            # message_id (the actual inbound message) — the Feishu Reply
+            # API keeps the response in the same topic automatically.
+            is_group = meta.get("chat_type", "group") == "group"
+            reply_msg_id = meta.get("message_id") if is_group else None
             card_id = await loop.run_in_executor(
-                None, self._create_streaming_card_sync, rid_type, chat_id
+                None,
+                self._create_streaming_card_sync,
+                rid_type, chat_id, reply_msg_id,
             )
             if card_id:
                 buf.card_id = card_id
@@ -1404,37 +1480,59 @@ class FeishuChannel(BaseChannel):
                     return
                 # No active streaming card — send as a regular
                 # interactive card with the same 🔧 prefix style.
+                # Use reply API for group chats so the hint stays in topic.
                 card = json.dumps(
                     {"config": {"wide_screen_mode": True}, "elements": [
                         {"tag": "markdown", "content": self._format_tool_hint_delta(hint)},
                     ]},
                     ensure_ascii=False,
                 )
-                await loop.run_in_executor(
+                _th_msg_id = msg.metadata.get("message_id")
-                    None, self._send_message_sync, receive_id_type, msg.chat_id, "interactive", card
+                _th_chat_type = msg.metadata.get("chat_type", "group")
-                )
+                if _th_msg_id and _th_chat_type == "group":
+                    await loop.run_in_executor(
+                        None, lambda: self._reply_message_sync(
+                            _th_msg_id, "interactive", card,
+                            reply_in_thread=True,
+                        ),
+                    )
+                else:
+                    await loop.run_in_executor(
+                        None, self._send_message_sync, receive_id_type, msg.chat_id, "interactive", card
+                    )
                 return
 
             # Determine whether the first message should quote the user's message.
             # Only the very first send (media or text) in this call uses reply; subsequent
             # chunks/media fall back to plain create to avoid redundant quote bubbles.
+            # Always target message_id — the Feishu Reply API keeps replies in the
+            # same topic automatically when the target message is inside a topic.
             reply_message_id: str | None = None
+            _msg_id = msg.metadata.get("message_id")
             if self.config.reply_to_message and not msg.metadata.get("_progress", False):
-                reply_message_id = msg.metadata.get("message_id") or None
+                reply_message_id = _msg_id
             # For topic group messages, always reply to keep context in thread
             elif msg.metadata.get("thread_id"):
-                reply_message_id = (
+                reply_message_id = _msg_id
-                    msg.metadata.get("root_id") or msg.metadata.get("message_id") or None
-                )
 
             first_send = True  # tracks whether the reply has already been used
 
             def _do_send(m_type: str, content: str) -> None:
-                """Send via reply (first message) or create (subsequent)."""
+                """Send via reply (first message) or create (subsequent).
+
+                For group chats the reply API always uses reply_in_thread=True.
+                The Feishu API automatically keeps replies inside existing
+                topics — reply_in_thread only creates a *new* topic when the
+                target message is a plain (non-topic) message.
+                """
                 nonlocal first_send
                 if reply_message_id and first_send:
                     first_send = False
-                    ok = self._reply_message_sync(reply_message_id, m_type, content)
+                    chat_type = msg.metadata.get("chat_type", "group")
+                    ok = self._reply_message_sync(
+                        reply_message_id, m_type, content,
+                        reply_in_thread=chat_type == "group",
+                    )
                     if ok:
                         return
                     # Fall back to regular send if reply fails
@@ -1543,8 +1641,13 @@ class FeishuChannel(BaseChannel):
                 logger.debug("Feishu: skipping group message (not mentioned)")
                 return
 
-            # Add reaction
+            # Add reaction (non-blocking — tracked background task)
-            reaction_id = await self._add_reaction(message_id, self.config.react_emoji)
+            task = asyncio.create_task(
+                self._add_reaction(message_id, self.config.react_emoji)
+            )
+            self._background_tasks.add(task)
+            task.add_done_callback(self._on_background_task_done)
+            task.add_done_callback(lambda t: self._on_reaction_added(message_id, t))
 
             # Parse content
             content_parts = []
@@ -1624,6 +1727,15 @@ class FeishuChannel(BaseChannel):
             if not content and not media_paths:
                 return
 
+            # Build topic-scoped session key for conversation isolation.
+            # Group chat: each topic gets its own session via root_id (replies
+            # inside a topic) or message_id (top-level messages start a new topic).
+            # Private chat: no override — same behavior as Telegram/Slack.
+            if chat_type == "group":
+                session_key = f"feishu:{chat_id}:{root_id or message_id}"
+            else:
+                session_key = None
+
             # Forward to message bus
             reply_to = chat_id if chat_type == "group" else sender_id
             await self._handle_message(
@@ -1633,13 +1745,13 @@ class FeishuChannel(BaseChannel):
                 media=media_paths,
                 metadata={
                     "message_id": message_id,
-                    "reaction_id": reaction_id,
                     "chat_type": chat_type,
                     "msg_type": msg_type,
                     "parent_id": parent_id,
                     "root_id": root_id,
                     "thread_id": thread_id,
                 },
+                session_key=session_key,
             )
 
         except Exception as e:

nanobot/channels/manager.py

@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ class ChannelManager:
         transcription_provider = self.config.channels.transcription_provider
         transcription_key = self._resolve_transcription_key(transcription_provider)
         transcription_base = self._resolve_transcription_base(transcription_provider)
+        transcription_language = self.config.channels.transcription_language
 
         for name, cls in discover_all().items():
             section = getattr(self.config.channels, name, None)
@@ -88,6 +89,7 @@ class ChannelManager:
                 channel.transcription_provider = transcription_provider
                 channel.transcription_api_key = transcription_key
                 channel.transcription_api_base = transcription_base
+                channel.transcription_language = transcription_language
                 self.channels[name] = channel
                 logger.info("{} channel enabled", cls.display_name)
             except Exception as e:

nanobot/channels/msteams.py

@@ -70,6 +70,7 @@ class ConversationRef:
     activity_id: str | None = None
     conversation_type: str | None = None
     tenant_id: str | None = None
+    updated_at: float | None = None
 
 
 class MSTeamsChannel(BaseChannel):
@@ -220,7 +221,6 @@ class MSTeamsChannel(BaseChannel):
         token = await self._get_access_token()
         base_url = f"{ref.service_url.rstrip('/')}/v3/conversations/{ref.conversation_id}/activities"
         use_thread_reply = self.config.reply_in_thread and bool(ref.activity_id)
-        url = f"{base_url}/{ref.activity_id}" if use_thread_reply else base_url
         headers = {
             "Authorization": f"Bearer {token}",
             "Content-Type": "application/json",
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ class MSTeamsChannel(BaseChannel):
             payload["replyToId"] = ref.activity_id
 
         try:
-            resp = await self._http.post(url, headers=headers, json=payload)
+            resp = await self._http.post(base_url, headers=headers, json=payload)
             resp.raise_for_status()
             logger.info("MSTeams message sent to {}", ref.conversation_id)
         except Exception as e:
@@ -289,7 +289,9 @@ class MSTeamsChannel(BaseChannel):
             activity_id=activity_id or None,
             conversation_type=conversation_type or None,
             tenant_id=str((channel_data.get("tenant") or {}).get("id") or "") or None,
+            updated_at=time.time(),
         )
+
         self._save_refs()
 
         await self._handle_message(
@@ -310,10 +312,12 @@ class MSTeamsChannel(BaseChannel):
         """Extract the user-authored text from a Teams activity."""
         text = str(activity.get("text") or "")
         text = self._strip_possible_bot_mention(text)
+        text = self._normalize_html_whitespace(text)
 
         channel_data = activity.get("channelData") or {}
         reply_to_id = str(activity.get("replyToId") or "").strip()
         normalized_preview = html.unescape(text).replace("&rsquo", "’").strip()
+        normalized_preview = normalized_preview.replace("\xa0", " ")
         normalized_preview = normalized_preview.replace("\r\n", "\n").replace("\r", "\n")
         preview_lines = [line.strip() for line in normalized_preview.split("\n")]
         while preview_lines and not preview_lines[0]:
@@ -333,9 +337,15 @@ class MSTeamsChannel(BaseChannel):
         cleaned = re.sub(r"(?:\r?\n){3,}", "\n\n", cleaned)
         return cleaned.strip()
 
+    def _normalize_html_whitespace(self, text: str) -> str:
+        """Normalize common HTML whitespace/entities from Teams into plain text spacing."""
+        normalized = html.unescape(text).replace("&rsquo", "’")
+        normalized = normalized.replace("\xa0", " ")
+        return normalized
+
     def _normalize_teams_reply_quote(self, text: str) -> str:
         """Normalize Teams quoted replies into a compact structured form."""
-        cleaned = html.unescape(text).replace("&rsquo", "’").strip()
+        cleaned = self._normalize_html_whitespace(text).strip()
         if not cleaned:
             return ""
 
@@ -494,6 +504,14 @@ class MSTeamsChannel(BaseChannel):
     def _save_refs(self) -> None:
         """Persist conversation references."""
         try:
+            stale_keys = [
+                key
+                for key, ref in self._conversation_refs.items()
+                if self._is_stale_or_unsupported_ref(ref)
+            ]
+            for key in stale_keys:
+                self._conversation_refs.pop(key, None)
+
             data = {
                 key: {
                     "service_url": ref.service_url,
@@ -502,6 +520,7 @@ class MSTeamsChannel(BaseChannel):
                     "activity_id": ref.activity_id,
                     "conversation_type": ref.conversation_type,
                     "tenant_id": ref.tenant_id,
+                    "updated_at": ref.updated_at,
                 }
                 for key, ref in self._conversation_refs.items()
             }
@@ -509,6 +528,21 @@ class MSTeamsChannel(BaseChannel):
         except Exception as e:
             logger.warning("Failed to save MSTeams conversation refs: {}", e)
 
+    def _is_stale_or_unsupported_ref(self, ref: ConversationRef) -> bool:
+        """Reject unsupported refs and prune old refs."""
+        service_url = (ref.service_url or "").strip().lower()
+        conversation_type = (ref.conversation_type or "").strip().lower()
+        updated_at = ref.updated_at or 0.0
+        max_age_seconds = 30 * 24 * 60 * 60
+
+        if "webchat.botframework.com" in service_url:
+            return True
+        if conversation_type and conversation_type != "personal":
+            return True
+        if updated_at and updated_at < time.time() - max_age_seconds:
+            return True
+        return False
+
     async def _get_access_token(self) -> str:
         """Fetch an access token for Bot Framework / Azure Bot auth."""
 

nanobot/cli/commands.py

@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ def _make_console() -> Console:
 def _render_interactive_ansi(render_fn) -> str:
     """Render Rich output to ANSI so prompt_toolkit can print it safely."""
     ansi_console = Console(
-        force_terminal=True,
+        force_terminal=sys.stdout.isatty(),
         color_system=console.color_system or "standard",
         width=console.width,
     )
@@ -946,6 +946,12 @@ def _run_gateway(
             cron.stop()
             agent.stop()
             await channels.stop_all()
+            # Flush all cached sessions to durable storage before exit.
+            # This prevents data loss on filesystems with write-back
+            # caching (rclone VFS, NFS, FUSE mounts, etc.).
+            flushed = agent.sessions.flush_all()
+            if flushed:
+                logger.info("Shutdown: flushed {} session(s) to disk", flushed)
 
     asyncio.run(run())
 

nanobot/config/schema.py

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ class ChannelsConfig(Base):
     send_tool_hints: bool = False  # stream tool-call hints (e.g. read_file("…"))
     send_max_retries: int = Field(default=3, ge=0, le=10)  # Max delivery attempts (initial send included)
     transcription_provider: str = "groq"  # Voice transcription backend: "groq" or "openai"
+    transcription_language: str | None = Field(default=None, pattern=r"^[a-z]{2,3}$")  # Optional ISO-639-1 hint for audio transcription
 
 
 class DreamConfig(Base):

nanobot/providers/openai_compat_provider.py

@@ -387,14 +387,28 @@ class OpenAICompatProvider(LLMProvider):
                     kwargs.update(overrides)
                     break
 
-        if reasoning_effort:
+        # Normalize reasoning_effort into a semantic form (OpenAI vocab)
-            kwargs["reasoning_effort"] = reasoning_effort
+        # used for internal decisions, and a wire form actually sent out.
+        # "minimum" is accepted as a DashScope-native alias for "minimal".
+        semantic_effort: str | None = None
+        if isinstance(reasoning_effort, str):
+            semantic_effort = reasoning_effort.lower()
+            if semantic_effort == "minimum":
+                semantic_effort = "minimal"
+
+        wire_effort = reasoning_effort
+        if spec and spec.name == "dashscope" and semantic_effort == "minimal":
+            # DashScope accepts none/minimum/low/medium/high/xhigh; "minimal" 400s.
+            wire_effort = "minimum"
+
+        if wire_effort:
+            kwargs["reasoning_effort"] = wire_effort
 
         # Provider-specific thinking parameters.
         # Only sent when reasoning_effort is explicitly configured so that
         # the provider default is preserved otherwise.
         if spec and reasoning_effort is not None:
-            thinking_enabled = reasoning_effort.lower() != "minimal"
+            thinking_enabled = semantic_effort != "minimal"
             extra: dict[str, Any] | None = None
             if spec.name == "dashscope":
                 extra = {"enable_thinking": thinking_enabled}
@@ -415,7 +429,7 @@ class OpenAICompatProvider(LLMProvider):
         # so that OpenRouter-style names like "moonshotai/kimi-k2.5" are handled
         # identically to bare names like "kimi-k2.5".
         if reasoning_effort is not None and _is_kimi_thinking_model(model_name):
-            thinking_enabled = reasoning_effort.lower() != "minimal"
+            thinking_enabled = semantic_effort != "minimal"
             kwargs.setdefault("extra_body", {}).update(
                 {"thinking": {"type": "enabled" if thinking_enabled else "disabled"}}
             )

nanobot/providers/transcription.py

@@ -10,13 +10,19 @@ from loguru import logger
 class OpenAITranscriptionProvider:
     """Voice transcription provider using OpenAI's Whisper API."""
 
-    def __init__(self, api_key: str | None = None, api_base: str | None = None):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        api_key: str | None = None,
+        api_base: str | None = None,
+        language: str | None = None,
+    ):
         self.api_key = api_key or os.environ.get("OPENAI_API_KEY")
         self.api_url = (
             api_base
             or os.environ.get("OPENAI_TRANSCRIPTION_BASE_URL")
             or "https://api.openai.com/v1/audio/transcriptions"
         )
+        self.language = language or None
 
     async def transcribe(self, file_path: str | Path) -> str:
         if not self.api_key:
@@ -30,6 +36,8 @@ class OpenAITranscriptionProvider:
             async with httpx.AsyncClient() as client:
                 with open(path, "rb") as f:
                     files = {"file": (path.name, f), "model": (None, "whisper-1")}
+                    if self.language:
+                        files["language"] = (None, self.language)
                     headers = {"Authorization": f"Bearer {self.api_key}"}
                     response = await client.post(
                         self.api_url, headers=headers, files=files, timeout=60.0,
@@ -48,9 +56,15 @@ class GroqTranscriptionProvider:
     Groq offers extremely fast transcription with a generous free tier.
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, api_key: str | None = None, api_base: str | None = None):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        api_key: str | None = None,
+        api_base: str | None = None,
+        language: str | None = None,
+    ):
         self.api_key = api_key or os.environ.get("GROQ_API_KEY")
         self.api_url = api_base or os.environ.get("GROQ_BASE_URL") or "https://api.groq.com/openai/v1/audio/transcriptions"
+        self.language = language or None
 
     async def transcribe(self, file_path: str | Path) -> str:
         """
@@ -78,6 +92,8 @@ class GroqTranscriptionProvider:
                         "file": (path.name, f),
                         "model": (None, "whisper-large-v3"),
                     }
+                    if self.language:
+                        files["language"] = (None, self.language)
                     headers = {
                         "Authorization": f"Bearer {self.api_key}",
                     }

nanobot/session/manager.py

@@ -262,8 +262,16 @@ class SessionManager:
             "messages": session.messages,
         }
 
-    def save(self, session: Session) -> None:
+    def save(self, session: Session, *, fsync: bool = False) -> None:
-        """Save a session to disk atomically."""
+        """Save a session to disk atomically.
+
+        When *fsync* is ``True`` the final file and its parent directory are
+        explicitly flushed to durable storage.  This is intentionally off by
+        default (the OS page-cache is sufficient for normal operation) but
+        should be enabled during graceful shutdown so that filesystems with
+        write-back caching (e.g. rclone VFS, NFS, FUSE mounts) do not lose
+        the most recent writes.
+        """
         path = self._get_session_path(session.key)
         tmp_path = path.with_suffix(".jsonl.tmp")
 
@@ -280,14 +288,47 @@ class SessionManager:
                 f.write(json.dumps(metadata_line, ensure_ascii=False) + "\n")
                 for msg in session.messages:
                     f.write(json.dumps(msg, ensure_ascii=False) + "\n")
+                if fsync:
+                    f.flush()
+                    os.fsync(f.fileno())
 
             os.replace(tmp_path, path)
+
+            if fsync:
+                # fsync the directory so the rename is durable.
+                # On Windows, opening a directory with O_RDONLY raises
+                # PermissionError — skip the dir sync there (NTFS
+                # journals metadata synchronously).
+                try:
+                    fd = os.open(str(path.parent), os.O_RDONLY)
+                    try:
+                        os.fsync(fd)
+                    finally:
+                        os.close(fd)
+                except PermissionError:
+                    pass  # Windows — directory fsync not supported
         except BaseException:
             tmp_path.unlink(missing_ok=True)
             raise
 
         self._cache[session.key] = session
 
+    def flush_all(self) -> int:
+        """Re-save every cached session with fsync for durable shutdown.
+
+        Returns the number of sessions flushed.  Errors on individual
+        sessions are logged but do not prevent other sessions from being
+        flushed.
+        """
+        flushed = 0
+        for key, session in list(self._cache.items()):
+            try:
+                self.save(session, fsync=True)
+                flushed += 1
+            except Exception:
+                logger.warning("Failed to flush session {}", key, exc_info=True)
+        return flushed
+
     def invalidate(self, key: str) -> None:
         """Remove a session from the in-memory cache."""
         self._cache.pop(key, None)

tests/agent/test_consolidator.py

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import pytest
 import asyncio
 from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, MagicMock, patch
 
-from nanobot.agent.memory import Consolidator, MemoryStore
+from nanobot.agent.memory import Consolidator, MemoryStore, _RAW_ARCHIVE_MAX_CHARS
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
@@ -117,8 +117,8 @@ class TestConsolidatorTokenBudget:
         await consolidator.maybe_consolidate_by_tokens(session)
         consolidator.archive.assert_not_called()
 
-    async def test_chunk_cap_preserves_user_turn_boundary(self, consolidator):
+    async def test_large_chunk_archived_without_cap(self, consolidator):
-        """Chunk cap should rewind to the last user boundary within the cap."""
+        """Without chunk cap, the full range from pick_consolidation_boundary is archived."""
         consolidator._SAFETY_BUFFER = 0
         session = MagicMock()
         session.last_consolidated = 0
@@ -133,19 +133,19 @@ class TestConsolidatorTokenBudget:
         consolidator.estimate_session_prompt_tokens = MagicMock(
             side_effect=[(1200, "tiktoken"), (400, "tiktoken")]
         )
-        consolidator.pick_consolidation_boundary = MagicMock(return_value=(61, 999))
+        # Use real pick_consolidation_boundary — it will find boundary at idx=50
+        # (user message at 50, token budget met)
         consolidator.archive = AsyncMock(return_value=True)
 
         await consolidator.maybe_consolidate_by_tokens(session)
 
         archived_chunk = consolidator.archive.await_args.args[0]
-        assert len(archived_chunk) == 50
+        # pick_consolidation_boundary returns (50, tokens) — user turn at idx 50
         assert archived_chunk[0]["content"] == "m0"
-        assert archived_chunk[-1]["content"] == "m49"
+        assert session.last_consolidated > 0
-        assert session.last_consolidated == 50
 
-    async def test_chunk_cap_skips_when_no_user_boundary_within_cap(self, consolidator):
+    async def test_boundary_respected_when_no_intermediate_user_turn(self, consolidator):
-        """If the cap would cut mid-turn, consolidation should skip that round."""
+        """When boundary points past a long tool chain, the full chunk is archived."""
         consolidator._SAFETY_BUFFER = 0
         session = MagicMock()
         session.last_consolidated = 0
@@ -157,11 +157,76 @@ class TestConsolidatorTokenBudget:
             }
             for i in range(70)
         ]
-        consolidator.estimate_session_prompt_tokens = MagicMock(return_value=(1200, "tiktoken"))
+        consolidator.estimate_session_prompt_tokens = MagicMock(
-        consolidator.pick_consolidation_boundary = MagicMock(return_value=(61, 999))
+            side_effect=[(1200, "tiktoken"), (400, "tiktoken")]
+        )
         consolidator.archive = AsyncMock(return_value=True)
 
         await consolidator.maybe_consolidate_by_tokens(session)
 
-        consolidator.archive.assert_not_awaited()
+        consolidator.archive.assert_awaited_once()
-        assert session.last_consolidated == 0
+        # pick_consolidation_boundary finds the only boundary at idx=61
+        assert session.last_consolidated == 61
+
+
+class TestRawArchiveTruncation:
+    """raw_archive() must cap entry size to avoid bloating history.jsonl."""
+
+    def test_raw_archive_truncates_large_content(self, store):
+        """Large messages should be truncated to _RAW_ARCHIVE_MAX_CHARS."""
+        big = "x" * 50_000
+        messages = [{"role": "user", "content": big}]
+        store.raw_archive(messages)
+        entries = store.read_unprocessed_history(since_cursor=0)
+        assert len(entries) == 1
+        assert len(entries[0]["content"]) < 50_000
+        assert "[RAW]" in entries[0]["content"]
+
+    def test_raw_archive_preserves_small_content(self, store):
+        """Small messages should not be truncated."""
+        messages = [{"role": "user", "content": "hello"}]
+        store.raw_archive(messages)
+        entries = store.read_unprocessed_history(since_cursor=0)
+        assert len(entries) == 1
+        assert "hello" in entries[0]["content"]
+
+    def test_raw_archive_custom_max_chars(self, store):
+        """max_chars parameter should override default limit."""
+        messages = [{"role": "user", "content": "a" * 200}]
+        store.raw_archive(messages, max_chars=100)
+        entries = store.read_unprocessed_history(since_cursor=0)
+        assert len(entries[0]["content"]) < 200
+
+
+class TestArchiveTruncation:
+    """archive() must truncate formatted text before sending to consolidation LLM."""
+
+    async def test_archive_truncates_large_formatted_text(self, consolidator, mock_provider, store):
+        """Large formatted text should be truncated to token budget before LLM call."""
+        # context_window_tokens=1000, max_completion_tokens=100, _SAFETY_BUFFER=1024
+        # budget = 1000 - 100 - 1024 = -124 → fallback via truncate_text(budget*4)
+        big_messages = [{"role": "user", "content": "x" * 100_000}]
+        mock_provider.chat_with_retry.return_value = MagicMock(
+            content="Summary of large input.", finish_reason="stop"
+        )
+        await consolidator.archive(big_messages)
+
+        call_args = mock_provider.chat_with_retry.call_args
+        user_content = call_args.kwargs["messages"][1]["content"]
+        # Should be significantly shorter than 100K
+        assert len(user_content) < 50_000
+
+    async def test_archive_truncates_with_small_token_budget(self, consolidator, mock_provider, store):
+        """Small context window: truncation uses actual tokenizer count."""
+        consolidator.context_window_tokens = 500
+        big_messages = [{"role": "user", "content": "word " * 50_000}]
+        mock_provider.chat_with_retry.return_value = MagicMock(
+            content="Summary.", finish_reason="stop"
+        )
+        await consolidator.archive(big_messages)
+
+        sent_messages = mock_provider.chat_with_retry.call_args.kwargs["messages"]
+        user_content = sent_messages[1]["content"]
+        # budget = 500 - 100 - 1024 = negative, fallback char-based
+        # Should be truncated
+        assert len(user_content) < 250_000

tests/agent/tools/test_subagent_tools.py

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 """Tests for subagent tool registration and wiring."""
 
+import asyncio
 import time
 from types import SimpleNamespace
-from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, MagicMock
+from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, MagicMock, patch
 
 import pytest
 
@@ -51,3 +52,209 @@ async def test_subagent_exec_tool_receives_allowed_env_keys(tmp_path):
     )
 
     mgr.runner.run.assert_awaited_once()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_drain_pending_blocks_while_subagents_running(tmp_path):
+    """_drain_pending should block when no messages are available but sub-agents are still running."""
+    from nanobot.agent.loop import AgentLoop
+    from nanobot.agent.subagent import SubagentManager
+    from nanobot.bus.events import InboundMessage
+    from nanobot.bus.queue import MessageBus
+    from nanobot.session.manager import Session
+
+    bus = MessageBus()
+    provider = MagicMock()
+    provider.get_default_model.return_value = "test-model"
+
+    loop = AgentLoop(bus=bus, provider=provider, workspace=tmp_path, model="test-model")
+
+    pending_queue: asyncio.Queue[InboundMessage] = asyncio.Queue()
+    session = Session(key="test:drain-block")
+    injection_callback = None
+
+    # Capture the injection_callback that _run_agent_loop creates
+    original_run = loop.runner.run
+
+    async def fake_runner_run(spec):
+        nonlocal injection_callback
+        injection_callback = spec.injection_callback
+
+        # Simulate: first call to injection_callback should block because
+        # sub-agents are running and no messages are in the queue yet.
+        # We'll resolve this from a concurrent task.
+        return SimpleNamespace(
+            stop_reason="done",
+            final_content="done",
+            error=None,
+            tool_events=[],
+            messages=[],
+            usage={},
+            had_injections=False,
+            tools_used=[],
+        )
+
+    loop.runner.run = AsyncMock(side_effect=fake_runner_run)
+
+    # Register a running sub-agent in the SubagentManager for this session
+    async def _hang_forever():
+        await asyncio.Event().wait()
+
+    hang_task = asyncio.create_task(_hang_forever())
+    loop.subagents._session_tasks.setdefault(session.key, set()).add("sub-drain-1")
+    loop.subagents._running_tasks["sub-drain-1"] = hang_task
+
+    # Run _run_agent_loop — this defines the _drain_pending closure
+    await loop._run_agent_loop(
+        [{"role": "user", "content": "test"}],
+        session=session,
+        channel="test",
+        chat_id="c1",
+        pending_queue=pending_queue,
+    )
+
+    assert injection_callback is not None
+
+    # Now test the callback directly
+    # With sub-agents running and an empty queue, it should block
+    drain_task = asyncio.create_task(injection_callback())
+
+    # Give it a moment to enter the blocking wait
+    await asyncio.sleep(0.05)
+
+    # Should still be running (blocked on pending_queue.get())
+    assert not drain_task.done(), "drain should block while sub-agents are running"
+
+    # Now put a message in the queue (simulating sub-agent completion)
+    await pending_queue.put(InboundMessage(
+        sender_id="subagent",
+        channel="test",
+        chat_id="c1",
+        content="Sub-agent result",
+        media=None,
+        metadata={},
+    ))
+
+    # Should unblock and return results
+    results = await asyncio.wait_for(drain_task, timeout=2.0)
+    assert len(results) >= 1
+    assert results[0]["role"] == "user"
+    assert "Sub-agent result" in str(results[0]["content"])
+
+    # Cleanup
+    hang_task.cancel()
+    try:
+        await hang_task
+    except asyncio.CancelledError:
+        pass
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_drain_pending_no_block_when_no_subagents(tmp_path):
+    """_drain_pending should not block when no sub-agents are running."""
+    from nanobot.agent.loop import AgentLoop
+    from nanobot.bus.queue import MessageBus
+
+    bus = MessageBus()
+    provider = MagicMock()
+    provider.get_default_model.return_value = "test-model"
+
+    loop = AgentLoop(bus=bus, provider=provider, workspace=tmp_path, model="test-model")
+
+    pending_queue: asyncio.Queue = asyncio.Queue()
+    injection_callback = None
+
+    async def fake_runner_run(spec):
+        nonlocal injection_callback
+        injection_callback = spec.injection_callback
+        return SimpleNamespace(
+            stop_reason="done",
+            final_content="done",
+            error=None,
+            tool_events=[],
+            messages=[],
+            usage={},
+            had_injections=False,
+            tools_used=[],
+        )
+
+    loop.runner.run = AsyncMock(side_effect=fake_runner_run)
+
+    await loop._run_agent_loop(
+        [{"role": "user", "content": "test"}],
+        session=None,
+        channel="test",
+        chat_id="c1",
+        pending_queue=pending_queue,
+    )
+
+    assert injection_callback is not None
+
+    # With no sub-agents and empty queue, should return immediately
+    results = await asyncio.wait_for(injection_callback(), timeout=1.0)
+    assert results == []
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_drain_pending_timeout(tmp_path):
+    """_drain_pending should return empty after timeout when sub-agents hang."""
+    from nanobot.agent.loop import AgentLoop
+    from nanobot.bus.queue import MessageBus
+    from nanobot.session.manager import Session
+
+    bus = MessageBus()
+    provider = MagicMock()
+    provider.get_default_model.return_value = "test-model"
+
+    loop = AgentLoop(bus=bus, provider=provider, workspace=tmp_path, model="test-model")
+
+    pending_queue: asyncio.Queue = asyncio.Queue()
+    session = Session(key="test:drain-timeout")
+    injection_callback = None
+
+    async def fake_runner_run(spec):
+        nonlocal injection_callback
+        injection_callback = spec.injection_callback
+        return SimpleNamespace(
+            stop_reason="done",
+            final_content="done",
+            error=None,
+            tool_events=[],
+            messages=[],
+            usage={},
+            had_injections=False,
+            tools_used=[],
+        )
+
+    loop.runner.run = AsyncMock(side_effect=fake_runner_run)
+
+    # Register a "running" sub-agent that will never complete
+    async def _hang_forever():
+        await asyncio.Event().wait()
+
+    hang_task = asyncio.create_task(_hang_forever())
+    loop.subagents._session_tasks.setdefault(session.key, set()).add("sub-timeout-1")
+    loop.subagents._running_tasks["sub-timeout-1"] = hang_task
+
+    await loop._run_agent_loop(
+        [{"role": "user", "content": "test"}],
+        session=session,
+        channel="test",
+        chat_id="c1",
+        pending_queue=pending_queue,
+    )
+
+    assert injection_callback is not None
+
+    # Patch the timeout to be very short for testing
+    with patch("nanobot.agent.loop.asyncio.wait_for") as mock_wait:
+        mock_wait.side_effect = asyncio.TimeoutError
+        results = await injection_callback()
+        assert results == []
+
+    # Cleanup
+    hang_task.cancel()
+    try:
+        await hang_task
+    except asyncio.CancelledError:
+        pass

tests/channels/test_channel_plugins.py

@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ from nanobot.channels.manager import ChannelManager
 from nanobot.config.schema import ChannelsConfig
 from nanobot.utils.restart import RestartNotice
 
-
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Helpers
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -200,8 +199,8 @@ async def test_manager_propagates_groq_transcription_api_base_to_channels():
     fake_config = SimpleNamespace(
         channels=ChannelsConfig.model_validate({
             "fakeplugin": {"enabled": True, "allowFrom": ["*"]},
+            "transcriptionLanguage": "en",
         }),
-        transcription_provider="groq",
         providers=SimpleNamespace(
             groq=SimpleNamespace(api_key="groq-key", api_base="http://proxy.local/v1/audio/transcriptions"),
             openai=SimpleNamespace(api_key="openai-key", api_base="https://api.openai.com/v1/audio/transcriptions"),
@@ -223,6 +222,7 @@ async def test_manager_propagates_groq_transcription_api_base_to_channels():
     assert channel.transcription_provider == "groq"
     assert channel.transcription_api_key == "groq-key"
     assert channel.transcription_api_base == "http://proxy.local/v1/audio/transcriptions"
+    assert channel.transcription_language == "en"
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
@@ -269,13 +269,15 @@ async def test_base_channel_passes_api_base_to_openai_transcription_provider():
     channel.transcription_provider = "openai"
     channel.transcription_api_key = "k"
     channel.transcription_api_base = "http://override/v1/audio/transcriptions"
+    channel.transcription_language = "en"
 
     captured: dict[str, object] = {}
 
     class _StubOpenAI:
-        def __init__(self, api_key=None, api_base=None):
+        def __init__(self, api_key=None, api_base=None, language=None):
             captured["api_key"] = api_key
             captured["api_base"] = api_base
+            captured["language"] = language
 
         async def transcribe(self, file_path):
             return "ok"
@@ -286,6 +288,7 @@ async def test_base_channel_passes_api_base_to_openai_transcription_provider():
     assert result == "ok"
     assert captured["api_key"] == "k"
     assert captured["api_base"] == "http://override/v1/audio/transcriptions"
+    assert captured["language"] == "en"
 
 
 def test_openai_transcription_provider_honors_api_base_argument():
@@ -300,10 +303,114 @@ def test_openai_transcription_provider_honors_api_base_argument():
     assert custom.api_url == "http://override/v1/audio/transcriptions"
 
 
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_base_channel_passes_language_to_groq_transcription_provider():
+    """BaseChannel.transcribe_audio must forward transcription_language to Groq."""
+    from nanobot.providers import transcription as transcription_mod
+
+    channel = _FakePlugin({"enabled": True, "allowFrom": ["*"]}, MessageBus())
+    channel.transcription_provider = "groq"
+    channel.transcription_api_key = "k"
+    channel.transcription_api_base = "http://override/v1/audio/transcriptions"
+    channel.transcription_language = "ko"
+
+    captured: dict[str, object] = {}
+
+    class _StubGroq:
+        def __init__(self, api_key=None, api_base=None, language=None):
+            captured["api_key"] = api_key
+            captured["api_base"] = api_base
+            captured["language"] = language
+
+        async def transcribe(self, file_path):
+            return "ok"
+
+    with patch.object(transcription_mod, "GroqTranscriptionProvider", _StubGroq):
+        result = await channel.transcribe_audio("/tmp/does-not-matter.wav")
+
+    assert result == "ok"
+    assert captured["api_key"] == "k"
+    assert captured["api_base"] == "http://override/v1/audio/transcriptions"
+    assert captured["language"] == "ko"
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Transcription provider HTTP tests
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+from nanobot.providers.transcription import GroqTranscriptionProvider as _GroqProvider
+from nanobot.providers.transcription import OpenAITranscriptionProvider as _OpenAIProvider
+
+
+class _StubResponse:
+    def raise_for_status(self):
+        return None
+
+    def json(self):
+        return {"text": "hello"}
+
+
+def _stub_async_client(captured: dict[str, object]):
+    """Return an httpx.AsyncClient stub that records POST calls into *captured*."""
+    class _AsyncClient:
+        async def __aenter__(self):
+            return self
+
+        async def __aexit__(self, exc_type, exc, tb):
+            return False
+
+        async def post(self, url, headers=None, files=None, timeout=None):
+            captured["files"] = files
+            return _StubResponse()
+
+    return _AsyncClient()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "provider_cls,language",
+    [(_GroqProvider, "ko"), (_OpenAIProvider, "en")],
+    ids=["groq", "openai"],
+)
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_transcription_provider_includes_language(tmp_path, provider_cls, language):
+    """Provider must include the 'language' field in multipart body when set."""
+    audio = tmp_path / "sample.wav"
+    audio.write_bytes(b"audio")
+    captured: dict[str, object] = {}
+
+    with patch("nanobot.providers.transcription.httpx.AsyncClient", return_value=_stub_async_client(captured)):
+        provider = provider_cls(api_key="k", language=language)
+        result = await provider.transcribe(audio)
+
+    assert result == "hello"
+    assert captured["files"]["language"] == (None, language)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "provider_cls",
+    [_GroqProvider, _OpenAIProvider],
+    ids=["groq", "openai"],
+)
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_transcription_provider_omits_language_when_none(tmp_path, provider_cls):
+    """When language is not set, the 'language' key must be absent from the multipart body."""
+    audio = tmp_path / "sample.wav"
+    audio.write_bytes(b"audio")
+    captured: dict[str, object] = {}
+
+    with patch("nanobot.providers.transcription.httpx.AsyncClient", return_value=_stub_async_client(captured)):
+        provider = provider_cls(api_key="k")
+        result = await provider.transcribe(audio)
+
+    assert result == "hello"
+    assert "language" not in captured["files"]
+
+
 def test_channels_login_uses_discovered_plugin_class(monkeypatch):
+    from typer.testing import CliRunner
+
     from nanobot.cli.commands import app
     from nanobot.config.schema import Config
-    from typer.testing import CliRunner
 
     runner = CliRunner()
     seen: dict[str, object] = {}
@@ -329,9 +436,10 @@ def test_channels_login_uses_discovered_plugin_class(monkeypatch):
 
 
 def test_channels_login_sets_custom_config_path(monkeypatch, tmp_path):
+    from typer.testing import CliRunner
+
     from nanobot.cli.commands import app
     from nanobot.config.schema import Config
-    from typer.testing import CliRunner
 
     runner = CliRunner()
     seen: dict[str, object] = {}
@@ -358,9 +466,10 @@ def test_channels_login_sets_custom_config_path(monkeypatch, tmp_path):
 
 
 def test_channels_status_sets_custom_config_path(monkeypatch, tmp_path):
+    from typer.testing import CliRunner
+
     from nanobot.cli.commands import app
     from nanobot.config.schema import Config
-    from typer.testing import CliRunner
 
     runner = CliRunner()
     seen: dict[str, object] = {}
@@ -455,6 +564,24 @@ def test_channels_config_send_max_retries_upper_bound():
         ChannelsConfig(send_max_retries=11)
 
 
+def test_channels_config_transcription_language_pattern():
+    """transcription_language must match ISO-639 format (2-3 lowercase letters) or be None."""
+    from pydantic import ValidationError
+
+    # Valid values
+    assert ChannelsConfig(transcription_language="en").transcription_language == "en"
+    assert ChannelsConfig(transcription_language="kor").transcription_language == "kor"
+    assert ChannelsConfig(transcription_language=None).transcription_language is None
+
+    # Invalid values
+    with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
+        ChannelsConfig(transcription_language="EN")       # uppercase
+    with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
+        ChannelsConfig(transcription_language="english")   # full word
+    with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
+        ChannelsConfig(transcription_language="en-US")     # BCP 47 tag
+
+
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # _send_with_retry
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

tests/channels/test_feishu_reaction.py

@@ -166,13 +166,14 @@ class TestStreamEndReactionCleanup:
         ch._stream_bufs["oc_chat1"] = _FeishuStreamBuf(
             text="Done", card_id="card_1", sequence=3, last_edit=0.0,
         )
+        ch._reaction_ids["om_001"] = "rx_42"
         ch._client.cardkit.v1.card_element.content.return_value = MagicMock(success=MagicMock(return_value=True))
         ch._client.cardkit.v1.card.settings.return_value = MagicMock(success=MagicMock(return_value=True))
         ch._remove_reaction = AsyncMock()
 
         await ch.send_delta(
             "oc_chat1", "",
-            metadata={"_stream_end": True, "message_id": "om_001", "reaction_id": "rx_42"},
+            metadata={"_stream_end": True, "message_id": "om_001"},
         )
 
         ch._remove_reaction.assert_called_once_with("om_001", "rx_42")
@@ -189,7 +190,7 @@ class TestStreamEndReactionCleanup:
 
         await ch.send_delta(
             "oc_chat1", "",
-            metadata={"_stream_end": True, "reaction_id": "rx_42"},
+            metadata={"_stream_end": True},
         )
 
         ch._remove_reaction.assert_not_called()

tests/channels/test_feishu_reply.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import asyncio
 import json
 from pathlib import Path
 from types import SimpleNamespace
-from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
+from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, MagicMock, patch
 
 import pytest
 
@@ -26,13 +26,14 @@ from nanobot.channels.feishu import FeishuChannel, FeishuConfig
 # Helpers
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-def _make_feishu_channel(reply_to_message: bool = False) -> FeishuChannel:
+def _make_feishu_channel(reply_to_message: bool = False, group_policy: str = "mention") -> FeishuChannel:
     config = FeishuConfig(
         enabled=True,
         app_id="cli_test",
         app_secret="secret",
         allow_from=["*"],
         reply_to_message=reply_to_message,
+        group_policy=group_policy,
     )
     channel = FeishuChannel(config, MessageBus())
     channel._client = MagicMock()
@@ -443,3 +444,288 @@ async def test_on_message_no_extra_api_call_when_no_parent_id() -> None:
 
     channel._client.im.v1.message.get.assert_not_called()
     assert len(captured) == 1
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Session key derivation tests
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_session_key_group_with_root_id_is_thread_scoped() -> None:
+    """Group message with root_id gets a thread-scoped session key."""
+    channel = _make_feishu_channel(group_policy="open")
+    bus_spy = []
+    original_publish = channel.bus.publish_inbound
+
+    async def capture(msg):
+        bus_spy.append(msg)
+        await original_publish(msg)
+
+    channel.bus.publish_inbound = capture
+    channel._download_and_save_media = AsyncMock(return_value=(None, ""))
+    channel.transcribe_audio = AsyncMock(return_value="")
+    channel._add_reaction = AsyncMock(return_value=None)
+
+    event = _make_feishu_event(
+        chat_type="group",
+        content='{"text": "hello"}',
+        root_id="om_root123",
+        message_id="om_child456",
+    )
+    await channel._on_message(event)
+
+    assert len(bus_spy) == 1
+    assert bus_spy[0].session_key == "feishu:oc_abc:om_root123"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_session_key_group_no_root_id_uses_message_id() -> None:
+    """Group message without root_id gets session keyed by message_id (per-message session)."""
+    channel = _make_feishu_channel(group_policy="open")
+    bus_spy = []
+    original_publish = channel.bus.publish_inbound
+
+    async def capture(msg):
+        bus_spy.append(msg)
+        await original_publish(msg)
+
+    channel.bus.publish_inbound = capture
+    channel._download_and_save_media = AsyncMock(return_value=(None, ""))
+    channel.transcribe_audio = AsyncMock(return_value="")
+    channel._add_reaction = AsyncMock(return_value=None)
+
+    event = _make_feishu_event(
+        chat_type="group",
+        content='{"text": "hello"}',
+        root_id=None,
+        message_id="om_001",
+    )
+    await channel._on_message(event)
+
+    assert len(bus_spy) == 1
+    assert bus_spy[0].session_key == "feishu:oc_abc:om_001"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_session_key_private_chat_no_override() -> None:
+    """Private chat never overrides session key (consistent with Telegram/Slack)."""
+    channel = _make_feishu_channel()
+    bus_spy = []
+    original_publish = channel.bus.publish_inbound
+
+    async def capture(msg):
+        bus_spy.append(msg)
+        await original_publish(msg)
+
+    channel.bus.publish_inbound = capture
+    channel._download_and_save_media = AsyncMock(return_value=(None, ""))
+    channel.transcribe_audio = AsyncMock(return_value="")
+    channel._add_reaction = AsyncMock(return_value=None)
+
+    event = _make_feishu_event(
+        chat_type="p2p",
+        content='{"text": "hello"}',
+        root_id=None,
+        message_id="om_001",
+    )
+    await channel._on_message(event)
+
+    assert len(bus_spy) == 1
+    assert bus_spy[0].session_key_override is None
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# reply_in_thread tests
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_reply_uses_reply_in_thread_when_enabled() -> None:
+    """When reply_to_message is True, reply includes reply_in_thread=True."""
+    channel = _make_feishu_channel(reply_to_message=True)
+
+    reply_resp = MagicMock()
+    reply_resp.success.return_value = True
+    channel._client.im.v1.message.reply.return_value = reply_resp
+
+    await channel.send(OutboundMessage(
+        channel="feishu",
+        chat_id="oc_abc",
+        content="hello",
+        metadata={"message_id": "om_001"},
+    ))
+
+    channel._client.im.v1.message.reply.assert_called_once()
+    call_args = channel._client.im.v1.message.reply.call_args
+    request = call_args[0][0]
+    assert request.request_body.reply_in_thread is True
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_reply_without_reply_in_thread_when_disabled() -> None:
+    """When reply_to_message is False, reply does NOT use reply_in_thread."""
+    channel = _make_feishu_channel(reply_to_message=False)
+
+    create_resp = MagicMock()
+    create_resp.success.return_value = True
+    channel._client.im.v1.message.create.return_value = create_resp
+
+    await channel.send(OutboundMessage(
+        channel="feishu",
+        chat_id="oc_abc",
+        content="hello",
+    ))
+
+    # No message_id in metadata → no reply attempt, direct create
+    channel._client.im.v1.message.create.assert_called_once()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_reply_keeps_fallback_when_reply_fails() -> None:
+    """Even with reply_to_message=True, fallback to create on reply failure."""
+    channel = _make_feishu_channel(reply_to_message=True)
+
+    reply_resp = MagicMock()
+    reply_resp.success.return_value = False
+    reply_resp.code = 99991400
+    reply_resp.msg = "rate limited"
+    channel._client.im.v1.message.reply.return_value = reply_resp
+
+    create_resp = MagicMock()
+    create_resp.success.return_value = True
+    channel._client.im.v1.message.create.return_value = create_resp
+
+    await channel.send(OutboundMessage(
+        channel="feishu",
+        chat_id="oc_abc",
+        content="hello",
+        metadata={"message_id": "om_001"},
+    ))
+
+    channel._client.im.v1.message.reply.assert_called()
+    channel._client.im.v1.message.create.assert_called()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_reply_no_reply_in_thread_for_p2p_chat() -> None:
+    """reply_in_thread should NOT be set for p2p chats (identified by chat_type)."""
+    channel = _make_feishu_channel(reply_to_message=True)
+
+    reply_resp = MagicMock()
+    reply_resp.success.return_value = True
+    channel._client.im.v1.message.reply.return_value = reply_resp
+
+    await channel.send(OutboundMessage(
+        channel="feishu",
+        chat_id="oc_abc",  # p2p chats also use oc_ prefix
+        content="hello",
+        metadata={"message_id": "om_001", "chat_type": "p2p"},
+    ))
+
+    channel._client.im.v1.message.reply.assert_called_once()
+    call_args = channel._client.im.v1.message.reply.call_args
+    request = call_args[0][0]
+    assert request.request_body.reply_in_thread is not True
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_reply_uses_reply_in_thread_for_group_chat() -> None:
+    """reply_in_thread should be True for group chats (identified by chat_type)."""
+    channel = _make_feishu_channel(reply_to_message=True)
+
+    reply_resp = MagicMock()
+    reply_resp.success.return_value = True
+    channel._client.im.v1.message.reply.return_value = reply_resp
+
+    await channel.send(OutboundMessage(
+        channel="feishu",
+        chat_id="oc_abc",
+        content="hello",
+        metadata={"message_id": "om_001", "chat_type": "group"},
+    ))
+
+    channel._client.im.v1.message.reply.assert_called_once()
+    call_args = channel._client.im.v1.message.reply.call_args
+    request = call_args[0][0]
+    assert request.request_body.reply_in_thread is True
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_reply_targets_message_id_when_in_topic() -> None:
+    """When inbound message is inside a topic (root_id != message_id),
+    the reply should target the inbound message_id (not root_id).
+    The Feishu Reply API keeps the response in the same topic
+    automatically when the target message is already inside a topic."""
+    channel = _make_feishu_channel(reply_to_message=True)
+
+    reply_resp = MagicMock()
+    reply_resp.success.return_value = True
+    channel._client.im.v1.message.reply.return_value = reply_resp
+
+    await channel.send(OutboundMessage(
+        channel="feishu",
+        chat_id="oc_abc",
+        content="hello",
+        metadata={
+            "message_id": "om_child456",
+            "chat_type": "group",
+            "root_id": "om_root123",
+        },
+    ))
+
+    channel._client.im.v1.message.reply.assert_called_once()
+    call_args = channel._client.im.v1.message.reply.call_args
+    request = call_args[0][0]
+    # Should reply to the inbound message_id, not the root
+    assert request.message_id == "om_child456"
+    assert request.request_body.reply_in_thread is True
+
+
+def test_on_reaction_added_stores_reaction_id() -> None:
+    """_on_reaction_added stores the returned reaction_id in _reaction_ids."""
+    channel = _make_feishu_channel()
+    loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
+    try:
+        task = loop.create_task(asyncio.sleep(0, result="reaction_abc"))
+        loop.run_until_complete(task)
+        channel._on_reaction_added("om_001", task)
+    finally:
+        loop.close()
+
+    assert channel._reaction_ids["om_001"] == "reaction_abc"
+
+
+def test_on_reaction_added_skips_none_result() -> None:
+    """_on_reaction_added does not store None results."""
+    channel = _make_feishu_channel()
+    loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
+    try:
+        task = loop.create_task(asyncio.sleep(0, result=None))
+        loop.run_until_complete(task)
+        channel._on_reaction_added("om_001", task)
+    finally:
+        loop.close()
+
+    assert "om_001" not in channel._reaction_ids
+
+
+def test_on_background_task_done_removes_from_set() -> None:
+    """_on_background_task_done removes task from tracking set."""
+    channel = _make_feishu_channel()
+    loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
+    try:
+        async def _fail():
+            raise RuntimeError("test failure")
+
+        task = loop.create_task(_fail())
+        channel._background_tasks.add(task)
+        try:
+            loop.run_until_complete(task)
+        except RuntimeError:
+            pass  # expected
+        channel._on_background_task_done(task)
+    finally:
+        loop.close()
+
+    assert task not in channel._background_tasks

tests/cli/test_cli_input.py

@@ -183,3 +183,22 @@ def test_make_console_force_terminal_false_when_stdout_is_not_tty():
     with patch.object(sys.stdout, "isatty", return_value=False):
         console = stream_mod._make_console()
         assert console._force_terminal is False
+
+
+def test_render_interactive_ansi_force_terminal_follows_isatty():
+    """Mirror of _make_console: the capture console used to produce ANSI for
+    prompt_toolkit must also defer to sys.stdout.isatty(), otherwise cursor
+    escapes and spinner frames leak into piped output (#3265, #3370)."""
+    import sys
+    captured: dict = {}
+
+    def render_fn(c):
+        captured["console"] = c
+
+    with patch.object(sys.stdout, "isatty", return_value=True):
+        commands._render_interactive_ansi(render_fn)
+        assert captured["console"]._force_terminal is True
+
+    with patch.object(sys.stdout, "isatty", return_value=False):
+        commands._render_interactive_ansi(render_fn)
+        assert captured["console"]._force_terminal is False

tests/cli/test_commands.py

@@ -1288,10 +1288,15 @@ def test_gateway_health_endpoint_binds_and_serves_expected_responses(
         async def run(self) -> None:
             return None
 
+    class _FakeSessionManager:
+        def flush_all(self) -> int:
+            return 0
+
     class _FakeAgentLoop:
         def __init__(self, **_kwargs) -> None:
             self.model = "test-model"
             self.dream = _FakeDream()
+            self.sessions = _FakeSessionManager()
 
         async def run(self) -> None:
             await asyncio.Event().wait()

tests/providers/test_litellm_kwargs.py

@@ -731,10 +731,25 @@ def test_dashscope_thinking_enabled_with_reasoning_effort() -> None:
 
 
 def test_dashscope_thinking_disabled_for_minimal() -> None:
+    """'minimal' → wire 'minimum' + thinking off on DashScope."""
     kw = _build_kwargs_for("dashscope", "qwen3-plus", reasoning_effort="minimal")
+    assert kw["reasoning_effort"] == "minimum"
     assert kw["extra_body"] == {"enable_thinking": False}
 
 
+def test_dashscope_thinking_disabled_for_minimum_alias() -> None:
+    """Native 'minimum' spelling must also disable thinking, not enable it."""
+    kw = _build_kwargs_for("dashscope", "qwen3-plus", reasoning_effort="minimum")
+    assert kw["reasoning_effort"] == "minimum"
+    assert kw["extra_body"] == {"enable_thinking": False}
+
+
+def test_non_dashscope_minimal_not_retranslated() -> None:
+    """DashScope-specific translation must not leak to other providers."""
+    kw = _build_kwargs_for("openai", "gpt-5", reasoning_effort="minimal")
+    assert kw["reasoning_effort"] == "minimal"
+
+
 def test_dashscope_no_extra_body_when_reasoning_effort_none() -> None:
     kw = _build_kwargs_for("dashscope", "qwen-turbo", reasoning_effort=None)
     assert "extra_body" not in kw

tests/session/test_session_fsync.py

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+"""Tests for session fsync and flush_all on graceful shutdown."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+import pytest
+
+from nanobot.session.manager import SessionManager
+
+_IS_WINDOWS = sys.platform == "win32"
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def sessions_dir(tmp_path: Path) -> Path:
+    d = tmp_path / "sessions"
+    d.mkdir()
+    return tmp_path
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def manager(sessions_dir: Path) -> SessionManager:
+    return SessionManager(workspace=sessions_dir)
+
+
+class TestSaveFsync:
+    """Verify that save(fsync=True) calls os.fsync."""
+
+    def test_save_without_fsync_does_not_call_fsync(self, manager: SessionManager):
+        session = manager.get_or_create("test:no-fsync")
+        session.add_message("user", "hello")
+
+        with patch("os.fsync") as mock_fsync:
+            manager.save(session, fsync=False)
+            mock_fsync.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_save_with_fsync_calls_fsync(self, manager: SessionManager):
+        session = manager.get_or_create("test:with-fsync")
+        session.add_message("user", "hello")
+
+        with patch("os.fsync") as mock_fsync:
+            manager.save(session, fsync=True)
+            # File fsync always runs; directory fsync only on non-Windows.
+            expected = 1 if _IS_WINDOWS else 2
+            assert mock_fsync.call_count == expected
+
+    def test_save_default_no_fsync(self, manager: SessionManager):
+        """Default save() should not fsync (backward compat)."""
+        session = manager.get_or_create("test:default")
+        session.add_message("user", "hello")
+
+        with patch("os.fsync") as mock_fsync:
+            manager.save(session)
+            mock_fsync.assert_not_called()
+
+
+class TestFlushAll:
+    """Verify flush_all re-saves all cached sessions with fsync."""
+
+    def test_flush_all_empty_cache(self, manager: SessionManager):
+        assert manager.flush_all() == 0
+
+    def test_flush_all_saves_cached_sessions(self, manager: SessionManager):
+        s1 = manager.get_or_create("test:session-1")
+        s1.add_message("user", "msg 1")
+        manager.save(s1)
+
+        s2 = manager.get_or_create("test:session-2")
+        s2.add_message("user", "msg 2")
+        manager.save(s2)
+
+        flushed = manager.flush_all()
+        assert flushed == 2
+
+    def test_flush_all_uses_fsync(self, manager: SessionManager):
+        session = manager.get_or_create("test:fsync-check")
+        session.add_message("user", "important")
+        manager.save(session)
+
+        with patch("os.fsync") as mock_fsync:
+            manager.flush_all()
+            # file fsync always; directory fsync only on non-Windows
+            expected = 1 if _IS_WINDOWS else 2
+            assert mock_fsync.call_count == expected
+
+    def test_flush_all_continues_on_error(self, manager: SessionManager):
+        """One broken session should not prevent others from flushing."""
+        s1 = manager.get_or_create("test:good")
+        s1.add_message("user", "ok")
+        manager.save(s1)
+
+        s2 = manager.get_or_create("test:bad")
+        s2.add_message("user", "ok")
+        manager.save(s2)
+
+        original_save = manager.save
+        call_count = {"n": 0}
+
+        def patched_save(session, *, fsync=False):
+            call_count["n"] += 1
+            if session.key == "test:bad":
+                raise OSError("disk on fire")
+            original_save(session, fsync=fsync)
+
+        manager.save = patched_save
+        flushed = manager.flush_all()
+
+        # One succeeded, one failed — flush_all returns successful count
+        assert flushed == 1
+        assert call_count["n"] == 2
+
+    def test_flush_all_data_survives_reload(self, sessions_dir: Path):
+        """Data flushed by flush_all should survive a fresh SessionManager load."""
+        mgr1 = SessionManager(workspace=sessions_dir)
+        session = mgr1.get_or_create("test:persist")
+        session.add_message("user", "remember this")
+        session.add_message("assistant", "noted")
+        mgr1.save(session)
+        mgr1.flush_all()
+
+        # Simulate process restart — new manager, cold cache
+        mgr2 = SessionManager(workspace=sessions_dir)
+        reloaded = mgr2.get_or_create("test:persist")
+        history = reloaded.get_history(max_messages=100)
+
+        assert len(history) == 2
+        assert history[0]["content"] == "remember this"
+        assert history[1]["content"] == "noted"

tests/test_msteams.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import json
+import time
 
 import pytest
 
@@ -260,6 +261,17 @@ def test_sanitize_inbound_text_keeps_normal_inline_message(make_channel):
     assert ch._sanitize_inbound_text(activity) == "normal inline message"
 
 
+def test_sanitize_inbound_text_normalizes_nbsp_entities(make_channel):
+    ch = make_channel()
+
+    activity = {
+        "text": "Hello from Teams",
+        "channelData": {},
+    }
+
+    assert ch._sanitize_inbound_text(activity) == "Hello from Teams"
+
+
 def test_sanitize_inbound_text_normalizes_reply_wrapper_without_reply_metadata(make_channel):
     ch = make_channel()
 
@@ -371,7 +383,7 @@ async def test_get_access_token_uses_configured_tenant(make_channel):
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
-async def test_send_replies_to_activity_when_reply_in_thread_enabled(make_channel):
+async def test_send_posts_to_conversation_with_reply_to_id_when_reply_in_thread_enabled(make_channel):
     ch = make_channel(replyInThread=True)
     fake_http = FakeHttpClient()
     ch._http = fake_http
@@ -387,7 +399,7 @@ async def test_send_replies_to_activity_when_reply_in_thread_enabled(make_channe
 
     assert len(fake_http.calls) == 1
     url, kwargs = fake_http.calls[0]
-    assert url == "https://smba.trafficmanager.net/amer/v3/conversations/conv-123/activities/activity-1"
+    assert url == "https://smba.trafficmanager.net/amer/v3/conversations/conv-123/activities"
     assert kwargs["headers"]["Authorization"] == "Bearer tok"
     assert kwargs["json"]["text"] == "Reply text"
     assert kwargs["json"]["replyToId"] == "activity-1"
@@ -551,6 +563,38 @@ async def test_start_logs_install_hint_when_pyjwt_missing(make_channel, monkeypa
     assert errors == ["PyJWT not installed. Run: pip install nanobot-ai[msteams]"]
 
 
+def test_save_refs_prunes_webchat_and_stale_refs(make_channel):
+    ch = make_channel()
+    now = time.time()
+    ch._conversation_refs = {
+        "teams-good": ConversationRef(
+            service_url="https://smba.trafficmanager.net/amer/",
+            conversation_id="teams-good",
+            conversation_type="personal",
+            updated_at=now,
+        ),
+        "webchat-bad": ConversationRef(
+            service_url="https://webchat.botframework.com/",
+            conversation_id="webchat-bad",
+            conversation_type=None,
+            updated_at=now,
+        ),
+        "teams-stale": ConversationRef(
+            service_url="https://smba.trafficmanager.net/amer/",
+            conversation_id="teams-stale",
+            conversation_type="personal",
+            updated_at=now - (31 * 24 * 60 * 60),
+        ),
+    }
+
+    ch._save_refs()
+
+    assert set(ch._conversation_refs) == {"teams-good"}
+    saved = json.loads(ch._refs_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
+    assert set(saved) == {"teams-good"}
+    assert saved["teams-good"]["updated_at"] == pytest.approx(now)
+
+
 def test_msteams_default_config_includes_restart_notify_fields():
     cfg = MSTeamsChannel.default_config()